• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.179-202
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• 2013

Bisphenol A and other alkylphenols are widely used in plastic and other industrial consumer products. Release of these compounds into the aquatic environment during their manufacture, use and disposal has been a great scientific and public concern due to their toxicity at high concentrations and endocrine disrupting effects at low concentration on aquatic wildlife and human beings. This paper reviews the published data and researches on the environmental occurrence, distribution, health effects and analytical techniques of bisphenol A and alkylphenols. The aim is to provide an overview of the current understanding about bisphenol A and alkylphenols in the environment and the difficulties faced today in order to establish standard and systematic environmental analysis and assessment process for these endocrine disruptor compounds.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.329-333
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• 2011

흡착제로서의 PBO 섬유가 수용성 알킬페놀 화합물의 고상 추출용으로 사용되었다. 초기농도 $100{\mu}gL^{-1}$ 에서 10 종류의 알킬페놀에 대한 제거율은 16.8~96.3%였고, 제거율은 섬유무게/액체부피비의 증가에 따라 증가하였다. log K는 log P와 일치하였다. 흡착된 알킬페놀은 아세트니트릴과 디클로로메탄의 혼합액으로 충분히 탈착되었다.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.149-149
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• 2003

A new technique is proposed for the determination of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A in tap water. The sample preparation consists of a solid phase extraction (SPE) of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A from a water sample with XAD-4 and subsequent conversion to isobutyloxycarbonyl (isoBOC) derivatives or tert.-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) derivatives for sensitive analysis with the GC/MS-SIM mode. The recoveries were 86.6∼105.2 % (isoBOC derivatization) and 97.6∼484.5 % (TBDMS derivatization), respectively. The limit of quantitation of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A for SIM were 0.001∼0.050 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l (isoBOC derivatization) and 0.003∼0.050 $\mu\textrm{g}$/l (TBDMS derivatization). The SIM responses were linear with the correlation coefficient varying 0.9755∼0.9981 (isoBOC derivatization), and 0.9908∼0.9996 (TBDMS derivatization). The derivative methods and their application to tap water samples will be disscussed.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.271-276
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study was to perform experiments of cytotoxicity using HeLa cell and to evaluate the possibility that QSAR is applicable to the cytotoxicity of alkylphenols. Higher toxicities were found in four alkylphenols in the following order: 4-n-Nonylphenol) 4-tert-Octylphenol) 4-n-Octylphenol > 4-n Heptylpheonl. Whereas other alkylphenols were apparently less toxic. By using Percent Hydrophilic Surface Area (PHSA) quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) models were developed: Cytotoxicity (%) = 90.14089-4.72224 PHSA ($R^2$=0.2046, $\alpha$=0.0265). It is concluded that some of the obtained data are useful to determine whether QSAR methods can be of general use in predicting that until further work is undertaken to develop QSARs for a much wider range of homologous series of alkylphenol compounds.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.203-210
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• 1999

Structural characteristics of isotactic p-alkylphenol acetaldehyde novolak resins with methyl, t-butyl, and t-octyl as the p-substituent and p-t-butylphenol aldehyde novolak resins with methylene, ethylidene, and propylidene as the linkage were calculated using molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics. The five p-alkylphenol aldehyde resins were found to have common structural characteristics that hydroxyl groups of the p-alkylphenols cluster in the center of the molecule by intramolecular hydrogen bonds of hydroxyl groups of the adjacent p-alkylphenols and the alkyl groups are extended out. Distances between oxygen atoms and between p-carbon atoms of the adjacent p-alkylphenols become longer as the size of the p-substituent increases from methyl to toctyl. Bond angles of the linkage built between the adjacent p-alkylphenols become wider by increasing the p-substituent size and by decreasing the linkage size.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2003

A new technique was proposed for the determination of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A in tap water samples. The sample preparation consists of a solid phase extraction (SPE) of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A from a water sample with XAD-4 and subsequent conversion to isobutyloxycarbonyl (isoBOC) derivatives or tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) derivatives for sensitive analysis with the CC/MS SIM mode. The recoveries were 86.6 ∼ 105.2％ (isoBOC derivatization) and 97.6∼484.5％ (TBDMS derivatization), respectively. The limit of quantitation of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol h for SIM were 0.001∼0.050 $\mu\textrm{g}$/1 (isoBOC derivatization) and 0.003∼0.050 $\mu\textrm{g}$/1 (TBDMS derivatization). The SIM responses were linear with the correlation coefficient varying 0.9755∼0.9981 (isoBOC derivatization), and 0.9908∼0.9996 (TBDMS derivatization). When these methods were applied to tap water samples, the range of concentrations were 22.8∼31.3 ng/1 in 2,4-dichlorophenol, 28.6∼70.3 ng/1 in pentachlorophenol, 15.2∼17.4 ng/1 in t-butylphenol, 10.8∼13.2 ng/1 in t-octylphenol and 17.6∼36.3 ng/l in bisphenol A, respectively.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.120.2-121
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• 2003

The alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM) mode followed by two work-up methods for comparison; isoBOC derivatization method and TBDMS derivatization method. Eleven phenols in paper samples were extracted with acetonitrile. (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.235.2-236
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• 2002

The alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring mode followed by three work-up methods for comparison: EPA method, isoBOC derivatization method and TBDMS derivatization method. Eleven phenols in water samples were extracted with dichloromethane. (omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.68.1-68.1
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• 2003

A method for determination 11 endocrine disrupting chemicals of phenols in various samples was deloped. The alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM) followed by two work-up methods for comparison; isobutoxycarbonyl (isoBOC) derivatization method and tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) derivatization method. Eleven endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) of phenols in biological samples were extracted with acetonitrile and then acetonitrile layer was refrigerated at -60$^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours (freezing filtration). (omitted)

• 분석과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 1994

정지상과 이동상에 대하여 선택성의 차이가 크지 않은 알킬페놀류에 대한 2차 화학평형이론을 적용하여 분리도에 미치는 pH 영향을 연구하였다. 이동상으로는 물-아세토니트릴을 사용하였으며, pH는 탄산나트륨 완충 용액으로 조절하였다. 인접한 봉우리간의 선택성을 최대로 하는 pH 값은 $k^{\prime}_{HA}/k^{\prime}_{A-}$와 평균 해리상수값(${\Delta}pK$)으로부터 구하였으며, 이 방법에 의해 결정된 최적 pH는 11.18이었다. 선택성의 효과를 최대로 얻기 위하여 pH와 용매의 선택성을 동시에 고려하였다. 결정된 최적의 pH 조건하에서 메탄올, 아세토니트릴, 테트라히드로퓨란, 물의 4성분 혼합 용매 시스템을 이용하였고, 통계적인 심플렉스 방법인 overlapping resolution maps(ORM)을 사용하여 최적 용매 조성을 결정하였다. 이 방법에 의하여 결정된 최적 용매 조성비는 MeOH : ACN : THF = 14.4 : 81.8 : 2.8이었다.