• 제목/요약/키워드: Analysis

검색결과 305,682건 처리시간 0.23초

Genetic Variations in the HIF1A Gene Modulate Response to Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Surgery in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

  • Zhang, Yi;Wang, Peng;Zhou, Xing-Chun;Bao, Guo-Qiang;Lyu, Zhuo-Ming;Liu, Xiao-Nan;Wan, Shao-Gui;He, Xian-Li;Huang, Qi-Chao
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권11호
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    • pp.4637-4642
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    • 2014
  • Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor $1{\alpha}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) plays an important role in regulating cell survival and angiogenesis, which are critical for tumor growth and metastasis. Genetic variations of HIF1A have been shown to influence the susceptibility to many kinds of human tumors. Increased expression of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ has also been demonstrated to be involved in tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inthe HIF1A gene remains to be determined in most cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we sought to investigate the predictive role of HIF1A SNPs in prognosis of CRC patients and efficacy of chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: We genotyped two functional SNPs in HIF1A gene using the Sequenom iPLEX genotyping system and then assessed their associations with clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcomes of 697 CRC patients receiving radical surgery using Cox logistic regression model and Kaplan Meier curves. Results: Generally, no significant association was found between these 2 SNPs and clinical outcomes of CRC. In stratified analysis of subgroup without adjuvant chemotherapy, patients carrying CT/TT genotypes of rs2057482 exhibited a borderline significant association with better overall survival when compared with those carrying CC genotype [Hazard ratio (HR), 0.47; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.29-0.76; P < 0.01]. Moreover, significant protective effects on CRC outcomes conferred by adjuvant chemotherapy were exclusively observed in patients carrying CC genotype of rs2057482 and in those carrying AC/CC genotype of rs2301113. Conclusions: Genetic variations in HIF1A gene may modulate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery in CRC patients.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Pesticide Exposure in Turkey

  • Yildirim, Mustafa;Karakilinc, Hulya;Yildiz, Mustafa;Kurtoglu, Erdal;Dilli, Utku Donem;Goktas, Sevil;Demirpence, Ozlem;Kaya, Vildan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.3461-3463
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    • 2013
  • Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a solid tumour of lymphocytes, important elements in the immune system. According to 2006 data, in Turkey the incidence was 6.5 per 100,000 in males, and 4.4 in females. The relationship between the use of pesticides and development of NHL has been extensively investigated in many studies, and it has been demonstrated that the risk of NHL is increased by exposure to such compounds. Antalya is a region of intensive agricultural activity. In this study, the relationship between the incidence of lymphoma in Antalya and the amount of pesticides employed was investigated. Materials and Methods: The study used data from 1995 to 2010 on the patients from the databank of TR Ministry of Health, Antalya Provincial Health Directorate, Cancer Registration Center and the patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with NHL during these years. Results: The relationship between the amount of pesticide used and the incidence was studied with the Spearman correlation analysis and the p value was found as 0.05. The correlation coefficient was 0.497. An increase in the NHL incidence over the years was identified, with a 2.42-fold increment found from 1995 to 2005 and a 2.77 fold elevation from 1995 to 2010. The use of pesticides increased 1.89 fold over the same period. Conclusions: Our study investigated the relationship of the pesticides used with NHL patients diagnosed during the same year. Since the time elapsing after exposure to pesticides until the development of cancer is not clear, no comparison can be made at present. We believe that the increase in use of pesticides since 1995 may be associated with the increase in the incidence of NHLand therefore that further studies on the issue including measurements of serum pesticide levels, are required.

Interleukin 10 rs1800872 T>G Polymorphism was Associated with an Increased Risk of Esophageal Cancer in a Chinese Population

  • Sun, Jia-Ming;Li, Qiong;Gu, Hai-Yong;Chen, Yi-Jang;Wei, Ji-Shu;Zhu, Quan;Chen, Liang
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.3443-3447
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    • 2013
  • Aim: Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and sixth leading cause of cancer associated death worldwide. The 5 year survival rate for esophageal cancer patients is very poor and accounts for only 12.3%. Besides environmental risk factors, genetic factors might play an important role in the esophageal cancer carcinogenesis. Methods: We conducted a hospital based case-control study to evaluate the genetic effects of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): interleukin 9 (IL9) rs31563 C>T, IL9 rs31564 G>T, IL10 rs1800872 T>G, IL12A rs2243115 T>G, IL12B rs3212227 T>G and IL13 rs1800925 C>T on the development of esophageal cancer. A total of 380 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases and 380 controls were recruited for this study. The genotypes were determined using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan$^{TM}$ Kit. Results: The IL10 rs1800872 T>G polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of ESCC. However, there were no significant links with the other five SNPs. Stratified analyses indicated no significant risk of ESCC associated with the IL10 rs1800872 T>G polymorphism evident among any subgroups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that functional polymorphism IL10 rs1800872 T>G might contribute to ESCC susceptibility. However, our results were obtained with a limited sample size, so that the power of our analysis was low. Future larger studies with more rigorous study designs of other ethnic populations are required to confirm the current findings.

Chemical Characterisation of Organic Functional Group Compositions in PM2.5 Collected at Nine Administrative Provinces in Northern Thailand during the Haze Episode in 2013

  • Pongpiachan, Siwatt;Choochuay, Chomsri;Chonchalar, Jittiphan;Kanchai, Panatda;Phonpiboon, Tidarat;Wongsuesat, Sornsawan;Chomkhae, Kanokwan;Kittikoon, Itthipon;Hiranyatrakul, Phoosak;Cao, Junji;Thamrongthanyawong, Sombat
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.3653-3661
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    • 2013
  • Along with rapid economic growth and enhanced agricultural productivity, particulate matter emissions in the northern cities of Thailand have been increasing for the past two decades. This trend is expected to continue in the coming decade. Emissions of particulate matter have brought about a series of public health concerns, particularly chronic respiratory diseases. It is well known that lung cancer incidence among northern Thai women is one of the highest in Asia (an annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 37.4 per 100,000). This fact has aroused serious concern among the public and the government and has drawn much attention and interest from the scientific community. To investigate the potential causes of this relatively high lung cancer incidence, this study employed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) transmission spectroscopy to identify the chemical composition of the $PM_{2.5}$ collected using Quartz Fibre Filters (QFFs) coupled with MiniVol$^{TM}$ portable air samplers (Airmetrics). $PM_{2.5}$ samples collected in nine administrative provinces in northern Thailand before and after the "Haze Episode" in 2013 were categorised based on three-dimensional plots of a principal component analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation. In addition, the incremental lifetime exposure to $PM_{2.5}$ of both genders was calculated, and the first derivative of the FTIR spectrum of individual samples is here discussed.

Overlapping Region of p53/Wrap53 Transcripts: Mutational Analysis and Sequence Similarity with microRNA-4732-5p

  • Pouladi, Nasser;Kouhsari, Shideh Montasser;Feizi, Mohammadali Hosseinpour;Gavgani, Reyhaneh Ravanbakhsh;Azarfam, Parvin
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.3503-3507
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    • 2013
  • Background: Although the majority of investigations concerned with TP53 and its protein have focused on coding regions, recently a set of studies highlighted significant roles of regulatory elements located in p53 mRNA, especially 5'UTR. The wrap53${\alpha}$ transcript is one of those that acts as a natural antisense agent, forming RNA-RNA hybrids with p53 mRNA and protecting it from degradation. Materials and Methods: In this study, we focused on the mutation status of exon $1{\alpha}$ of the WRAP53 gene (according to exon 1 of p53) in 160 breast tumor tissue samples and conducted a bioinformatics search for probable miRNA binding site in the p53/wrap53 overlapping region. Mutations were detected, using single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing. We applied the miRBase database for prediction of miRNAs which target overlapping region of p53/wrap53 transcripts. Results: Our results showed all samples to have wild type alleles in exon 1 of TP53 gene. We could detect a novel and unreported intronic mutation (IVS1+56, G>C) outside overlapping regions of p53/wrap53 genes in breast cancer tissues and also predict the presence of a binding site for miR-4732-5p in the 5'UTR of Wrap53 mRNA. Conclusions: From our findings we propose designing further studies focused on overexpression of miRNA-4732-5p and introducing different mutations in the overlapping region of wrap53 and p53 genes in order to study their effects on p53 and its ${\Delta}N$ isoform (${\Delta}$40p53) expression. The results may provide new pieces in the p53 targeting puzzle for cancer therapy.

Surgical Treatment for Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Chen, Shao-Bin;Weng, Hong-Rui;Wang, Geng;Yang, Jie-Sheng;Yang, Wei-Ping;Liu, Di-Tian;Chen, Yu-Ping;Zhang, Hao
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.3825-3830
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    • 2013
  • More studies are needed to clarify treatments and prognosis of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This retrospective study was designed to review the outcome of surgical treatment for early ESCC, evaluate the results of a left thoracotomy for selected patients with early ESCC, and identify factors affecting lymph node metastases and survival. The clinicopathological data of 228 patients with early ESCC who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy without preoperative adjuvant treatment were reviewed. The ${\chi}^2$ test or Fisher's exact test were used to detect factors related to lymph node metastasis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. There were 152 males and 76 females with a median age of 55 years. Two hundred and eight patients underwent a left thoracotomy, and the remaining 20 patients with lymph nodes in the upper mediastinum more than 5 mm in short-axis diameter by computed tomography scan underwent a right thoracotomy. No lymph node metastasis was found in the 18 patients with carcinoma in situ, while lymph node metastases were detected in 1.6% (1/62) of patients with mucosal tumours and 18.2% (27/148) of patients with submucosal tumours. Only 7 patients showed upper mediastinal lymph node metastases in the follow-up. The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 81.4% and 70.1%, respectively. Only histologic grade (P<0.001) and pT category (P=0.001) significantly correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases. In multivariate analysis, only histologic grade (P=0.026) and pT category (P=0.008) were independent prognostic factors. A left thoracotomy is acceptable for selected patients with early ESCC. Histologic grade and pT category affected the presence of lymph node metastases and were independent prognostic factors for early ESCC.

쿼드러춰 방식에 의한 초음파현미경의 진폭과 위상영상 분석 (The Analysis of Amplitude and Phase Image for Acoustic Microscope Using Quadrature Technique)

  • 김현;전계석
    • 한국음향학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.55-61
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    • 1999
  • 본 연구에서는 쿼드러춰 방식의 초음파현미경을 구성하고 미세한 높이변화를 갖는 표면결함에 대한 진폭영상과 위상영상을 복원하여 상대적인 영상 강도의 변화와 영상의 질을 비교 분석하였다. 본 실험에서는 중심주파수가 3㎒인 focused 변환기를 사용하여 초음파현미경을 구성하고 알루미늄 재료를 선택하여 하나는 직경이 2㎜이고 깊이가 100㎛인 원형결함을 갖도록 하였고 다른 하나는 직경이 4㎜이고 깊이가 5㎜인 원형결함을 갖도록 시편을 제작하였으며 이들에 대한 진폭과 위상영상을 복원하였다. 결함 깊이가 100㎛인 원형결함이 존재하는 시편에 대한 라인 스캔(line scan) 결과 상대적인 영상강도의 진폭 변동율은 7%로 미약한 반면에 위상 변동율은 89%로 커다란 변화를 나타내므로 결함에 대해서 위상영상이 우수한 콘트라스트를 보였다. 이에 비하여 결함의 깊이가 5㎜인 시편에 대해서 진폭영상은 위상영상에 비하여 우수한 콘트라스트를 보이므로서 결함 깊이가 한 파장을 기준으로하여 위상영상과 진폭영상은 큰 차이를 나타내었다. 따라서 쿼드러춰 검출방식의 초음파현미경은 진폭만을 검출하는 포락선 검출기에 비해 한 파장보다 작은 높이변화를 갖는 결함의 탐상시 위상영상을 진폭영상의 상호보완적인 관계로 사용하므로서 결함의 미세 높이 변동을 효율적으로 평가 할 수 있다.

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PVDF 압전막을 이용한 초고주파 집속 초음파 트랜스듀서의 제작 및 특성 평가 (Fabrication and Evaluation of a VHF Focusing Ultrasonic Transducer Made of PVDF Piezoelectric Film)

  • 윤주호;오정환;김정순;김무준;하강렬
    • 한국음향학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.215-222
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    • 2011
  • 높은 분해능의 영상을 얻는데 사용하기 위하여 초고주파 대역에서 동작하는 집속 초음파 트랜스듀서를 제작하고 그 특성을 평가하였다. 그 트랜스듀서는 한쪽 면에만 접지용 전극이 있는 두께 9 ${\mu}m$의 PVDF 압전막의 다른 쪽 면에 CCP (Copper Clad Polyimide)막을 에폭시로 접착한 후, 금속구로 압착함에 의해 구각형을 형성시키고, 그 뒷면에 에폭시를 채워 몰딩 시키는 방법에 의해 만들어졌다. 제작된 곡률반경 7.5 mm, f-number 1.7의 트랜스듀서는 초점에 있는 표적에 대한 펄스에 코 측정결과 35.0 MHz의 대역폭을 가지며, 약 40 MHz인 피크주파수 부근에서의 삽입손실은 약 60 dB 을 나타내었는데, 그 측정결과는 에폭시 접착층의 두께를 고려한 KLM 등가회로 해석에 의한 시뮬레이션 결과와 유사한 것이었다. 나아가, 그 트랜스듀서에 의해 얻어진 가는 구리선 표적에 대한 영상을 35 MHz 트랜스듀서를 장착한 UBM (Ultrasonic Backscattering Microscope) 장치에 의한 영상과 비교한 결과, 측방향 분해능은 떨어지나 축방향 분해능은 다소 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

근거리 신호 모델링을 기반으로 한 어레이 형상 추정 기법들의 성능 분석 (Performance Analysis of the Array Shape Estimation Methods Based on the Nearfield Signal Modeling)

  • 박희영;이충용
    • 한국음향학회지
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.221-228
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    • 2008
  • 소나 시스템에서 참조 신호를 이용하여 어레이 형상을 추정하는 경우, 참조 신호는 어레이와 충분히 떨어져 있지 않기 때문에 근거리 신호 모델링이 필요하다. 근거리 신호 모델링을 기반으로 하는 어레이 형상 추정 기법은 일반적으로 수신된 참조 신호의 공간 공분산 행렬을 이용한다. 이러한 기법 중 1개의 참조 신호만을 이용하여 공간 공분산 행렬의 고유치 분해 후 최대 고유치에 해당하는 고유 벡터를 참조 신호의 조향 벡터로 구성하여 어레이 형상을 추정하는 근거리 고유벡터 기법이 있다. 본 논문에서는 1개 이상의 참조 신호를 이용하여 공간 공분산 행렬로부터 구한 잡음 부공간과 신호 부공간이 서로 직교한다는 특성을 이용하여 Newton-type 반복 기법으로 센서 위치를 추정해 나가는 간략화된 부공간 근사 기법을 제안한다. 또한 근거리 고유 벡터 기법과 간략화된 부공간 근사 기법의 성능을 다양한 환경에서 분석해 본다. 모의 실험 결과 한 개의 참조 신호를 이용하는 경우에 근거리 고유 벡터 기법과 간략화된 부공간 근사 기법이 거의 동일한 성능을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 근거리 고유 벡터 기법이 참조 신호를 2개 이상 사용할 수 없는데 반해 간략화된 부공간 근사 기법은 두 개의 참조 신호를 이용함으로써 참조 신호의 입사 방향에 관계없이 안정적인 형상 추정 결과를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

국내 학교 교실의 실내음향성능 실태조사 (Analysis of the Acoustic Performance of Classrooms in Korea)

  • 박찬재;류다정;경주영;한찬훈
    • 한국음향학회지
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    • 제33권5호
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    • pp.316-325
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    • 2014
  • 학교 공간의 핵심인 교실의 음환경은 학생의 학습효과와 학업 성취에 매우 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 교실에서의 높은 음향성능 제고를 위한 다양한 노력들이 국내외적으로 끊임없이 이어져오고 있다. 그 결과로써 미국 및 영국의 경우 학교 교실의 잔향시간 및 배경소음을 바탕으로 한 교실의 용도 및 크기 별로 음환경 기준이 성립되어 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우 교실에 대한 대부분의 연구가 건축계획상의 특정한 사용 목적을 위해 이루어지고 있으며 이에 기초가 되는 학교 교실의 실내음향성능에 대한 실태 조사가 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 학교 교실의 음환경 실태를 조사하기 위하여 국내 초등학교 및 중학교, 고등학교의 총 15개 교실을 선정하여 실내음향성능을 측정하였다. 각 학교 교실의 음환경 분석에 사용한 음향지표는 배경소음, 신호대잡음비, 잔향시간, 음명료도, 음성전달지수 등이 있다. 연구결과 배경소음의 경우 도로변에 위치한 학교에서 미국 및 영국의 기준인 35 dB(A)를 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 창문을 개방했을 때 신호대잡음비는 거의 모든 학교에서 기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타나 외부 소음에 의해 학생이 음성전달에 방해를 받을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 잔향시간의 경우 일부 초등학교와 중학교에서 미국의 기준인 0.6 s를 초과하는 것으로 나타났으며 명료도는 모든 학교에서 높게 나타났다.