• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.72-76
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• 2011

Antimicrobial activities of the Acidic Liquid originated from Carbonized Rice Hull(ALCRH) and the paper treated with ALCRH were investigated to apply ALCRH to functional paper products as a natural antimicrobial agent. ALCRH showed antimicrobial activity for bacteria and yeast, with higher performance for bacteria than for yeast. Antimicrobial activity was not developed on paper coated with ALCRH by bar coater probably due to the evaporation of antimicrobial compounds of ALCRH from the paper surface with time. Saturation of paper with ALCRH was essential to develop antimicrobial activity on the paper. Dipping paper in ALCRH solution was recommended as one of the effective ways to make antimicrobial paper.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2000

Chitosan oligosaccharide, chitosan polysaccharide and monolaurin were used to impart the antimicrobial properties onto paper for food products . Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) was used as test microorganism and shake flask test was carried out in order to examine the antimicrobial activity of each sample. Chitosan oligosaccaride showed the greatest antimicrobial effect among them and gave the promising result even at the concentration of 0.005%. Its antimicrobial power was enhanced when it is used with nomolaurin together. Chitosan oligosaccharide improved the tensile strength of antimicrobial paper.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2001

The functions of food packaging are not only prevention from physical damage and loss during carrying and transportation, but also extension of shelf-life by adding antimicrobial substrate in packaging materials. Consumption of active packaging is gradually increasing. With different dosage of potassium sorbate(P.S.), the food preservative agent, antimicrobial papers were made by internal and external application of starch. The antimicrobial action of the paper was analyzed by the halo test and the shake flask method. The mechanical properties and strength were also measured. Antimicrobial papers adding P.S. showed higher values in tensile index than adding starch. The antimicrobial paper using starch showed similar microbe decreasing rate as that using P.S. Though microbe decreasing rate was 21.9%, it showed possibility to make antimicrobial paper using food preservative.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.143-153
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• 2004

Antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus were assayed through the hot water extracts and the ethanol extracts from Chungyulsodokeum and its composition oriental medicines. The stains were incubated on culture medium and activated. We observed the size of inhibition zone on the strains that is incubated in strilized filter paper disc with various concentration extracts of Chungyulsodokeum and its composition 1. The extracts of Chungyulsodokeum, Coptidis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus showed antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus. 2. The extracts of Chungyulsodokeum, Coptidis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Forsythiae Fructus Ghycyrrhizae Radix, showed antimiaobial activities against Staphylococcus epidermidis. 3. The extracts of Chungyulsodokeum, Coptidis Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix, showed antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus mutans. 4. The extract of Coptidis Rhizoma showed antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans. 5. None of the extracts showed antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli. We observed antimicrobial activities of Chungyulsodokeum and its composition against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.74-82
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• 2004

The botanical antimicrobial agent prepared from citrus fruits (BAAC) was prepared to provide inhibitory ability to packaging paper The BAAC diluted in 0.5% and 1% starch solution respectively was applied to packaging paper by the thin coating technique. The antimicrobial packaging paper displayed great inhibitory effect against the putrefying microbes including fungi, yeast and bacteria. Tn addition to antimicrobial activity of the packaging papers, their physical properties such as tensile strength, burst strength, tear strength and bending stiffness could be improved by simultaneous treatment with starch. Both the item packaging by tissue paper and the outer packaging by corrugated boxes, which were treated by the thin coating of BAAC and starch, exhibited great ability in preserving freshness of stored mandann oranges. The more treatment of BAAC was made in the packaging paper, the greater freshness-preserving ability was generated.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.187-200
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate antimicrobial effect of several irrigation solutions on 7 anaerobes and 2 aerobes, which are found frequently in infected root canals. The antimicrobial effects of normal saline, 3% $H_2O_2$, 0.5% & 3.5% NaOCl, 10% & 50% citric acid and mixed solutions of 3% $H_2O_2$ plus 3.5% NaOCl were compared. No. 80 paper points dipped in bacterial broth were soaked in each irrigation solutions and moved into thioglycolate broth, subcultured in agar plate for bacterial growth. The results were as follows: 1. Normal saline had no antimicrobial effect. 2. Mixed solutions of 3% $H_2O_2$ plus 3.5% NaOCl, 10% citric acid had relatively weak antimicrobial effect. 3.3% $H_2O_2$, 50% citric acid, 0.5% NaOCl showed relatively strong antimicrobial effect. 4. 3.5% NaOCl had the strongest antimicrobial effect among used 7 irrigation solutions.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract from Glycyrrhizae radix (GR) and ethanol extract from Glycyrrhizae radix cultured with Paecilomyces japonica mycelium (GRPM). Antimicrobial activity was measured by paper disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measurement of NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. For the results of the paper disc diffusion assay, GRPM showed high antimicrobial activities against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the MIC of GRPM (100 ppm) was lower than that of GR (200 ppm) against L. monocytogenes. When the morphology of L. monocytogenes treated with GRPM was observed using a FE-SEM, the surface of cells treated with GRPM were damaged, and some parts of the cell wall were destroyed. The inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was significantly increased by GRPM treatment. In conclusion, GRPM is superior to GR in terms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.268-270
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Rumex crispus development of antibiotics derived from natural products. To confirm antimicrobial activity, paper disc method and growth inhibition in liquid culture were applied. Antimicrobial activity was observed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Vibrio vulificus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Cαndida bombicola.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.926-931
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• 2002

The antimicrobial properties of extracts of Prunus mume were tested on Salmonella paratyphimurium and S. typhimurium. First, the Prumus mume was extracted with methanol at several temperatures, and then fractionation of the methanol extracts from Prunus mume was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate or butanol. Secondly, absorption column chromatoraphy (using a Diaion HP 20) was conducted to eliminate some water soluble materials that might inhibit the antimicrobial activity of some extracts. The antimicrobial activitry of each of the Prunus mume extracts was determined using a paper disc method against several food-borne pathogens, The growth inhibition curve was determine using butanol extracts of Prunus mume against Salmonella typhimurium. The extraction temperature did not have any significant effect on the yield of the extract or on the level of antimicrobial activity. The butanol extract of Prunus mume showed strong antimicrobial activity against Salmonella paratyphimurium and S. typhimurium; a 1,000 ppm of butanol extract of Prunus mume retared the growth of S. typhimurium up to 36 hours. (Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 926~931, 2002)

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2010

It is important to select appropriate antimicrobials for the treatment of infection according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs), yet the clinical isolates are sometimes susceptible to antibiotics that are clinically ineffective or this is due to technical error of the ASTs. So, interpretive reading of ASTs is needed and especially for the ${\beta}$-lactams for treating $Enterobacteriacae$. This review describes the interpretive reading of ASTs according to natural antimicrobial resistance and the mechanisms of mechanisms, with giving special attention to the antibiotics phenotypes for $Enterobacteriacae$. Further, as all the diffent tissues have a different antimicrobial concentration for identical antimicrobials, more information is needed on the antimicrobial tissue distribution for the appropriate treatment of infection. (ED note: I hope you send me the paper.)