• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1984

폐결핵 환자의 객담으로 부터 비정형항산균의 배균여부를 규명하기 위하여 세균학적 시험 및 임상적 조사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 객담 334예에서 항산균 103주 (30.8%)를 분리 배양하였다. 2. 분리배양된 항산균주에서 비정형항산균으로 감별된 균주는 10주(9.7%)이며 인형결핵균주는 93주(90.3%)이였다. 3. 감별된 비저형항산균주는 Runyon군별로는 암착색균군, 광비발색균군이 각각 3주 (30.0%)씩이며 신속발육균군이 4주(40.0%)였으며 광발색균군은 분리되지 않았다. 4. 생물학석 성상 및 생화학적 특성시험 양상에 의해 암착색균군 3주 중 2주는 Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, 1주는 Mycobacterium szulgai로, 광비발색균 3주 중 2주는 Mycobacterium avium complex, 1주는 Mycobacterium terrae로 동정되였으며, 신속발육균주 4주중 3주는 Mycobacterium fortuitum, 1주는 Mycobacterium chelonei로 등정되었다. 5. 항결핵제에 대한 시험관내 약제감수성검사에서 INH, SM에서는 10주가 전부 내성을 나타내었으며, EB, TH, 및 CS의 저농도인 10mcg, 50mcg, 및 40mcg에서 완전내성을 나타내었다. 그리고 EB, TH, 및 RFP의 고농도인 20mcg, 및 100mcg,에서 감수성을 나타내었다. 6. 비정형항산균이 배균된 환자의 X-선소견 및 임상적 소견 조사에서는 인형결핵균 감성으로 인한 폐결핵 환자의 증상에 비해 경하지 않는 것으로 사료되었으며 장기간 항결핵제의 투여치로 되어 왔으나 대부분 호전되지 않았다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.127-130
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• 2006

The incidence of the tuberculosis infection has decreased worldwide, but it is still easy to find the patients in some areas or some races. And it is very difficult to diagnose and treat the patients who are infected by the atypical tuberculosis. Facial skin infection by atypical tuberculosis has not been reported. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman who developed facial skin and soft tissue necrosis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus after receiving liquid silicone injections and face lift operation. We cultured the pathogenic organism and treated the wound with radical curettage, debridement, skin graft and tuberculosis medication.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.289-292
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• 2010

Purpose: Mycobacterium abscessus belongs to the group of rapid-growing atypical mycobacterium. The organism is ubiquitous and is found in soil, dust, and water. Although it rarely causes disease in humans, Mycobacterium abscessus has been associated with soft tissue infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of facial soft tissue Mycobacterium abscessus infection in a healthy child in Korea. Methods: A 12-year-old girl presented with an erythematous skin lesion with serous discharge on her chin, which had been present for 3 weeks. On her history, she had a laceration wound on her chin at public bath and the lesion was repaired at emergency department immediately. Although conventional soft tissue infecton treatment, her lesion remains unhealed state and had serous discharge for 2 months. Moreover, we found a 1 cm sized nodular mass on her chin. Therefore we performed excision operation and referred the specimen to the laboratory for microbial and histopathologic study. Results: Pathology report confirmed the mass was enlarged lymph node with chronic necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with central microabscess. Non-Tuberculous mycobacterium identification test through tissue specimen resulted Mycobacterium abscessus. We prescribed clarithromycin for three weeks by oral administration as well as performed wound debridement and mass excision via previous wound. This way, her lesion appeared to be complete healing with minimal scarring. There were no evidence of inflammation sign or palpable mass. Conclusion: Although the prevalence is rare, Mycobacterium abscessus infections of soft tissue should be considered even in a healthy child with a lesion caused by trauma or which fails to respond to conventional treatment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2015

For recent years, use of autologous fat injection has increased significantly in facial contouring surgery. Along with such increase in use, complications like atypical mycoplasma infection have been also on the increasing trend. The authors report two cases of Mycobacterium chelonae infection that occurred after autologous fat injection. Patients were treated as infection that resistant to common antibiotics and results were negative to routine culture and Gram staining. Acid-fast bacillus stain, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and mycobacterial cultures were conducted for diagnosis under suspicion of atypical mycoplasma infection. Then, combination antibiotics therapy, surgical treatment, and steroid injection were performed for treatment. Both patients were diagnosed with Mycobacterium chelonae in PCR test. They were positive to mycobacterial cultures. Combination antibiotics therapy was repeated to improvement of symptom. However, they could not be free from side effects such as deformation in facial contour, scar and pigmentation even after full recovery. When chronic wound infections after autologous fat injection, we must suspect atypical or mycobacterial infection and conduct examinations for a early diagnosis and proper antibiotic therapy that is effective to the nontuberculous mycobacteria.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.311-316
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• 1977

The studies on differentiation of pathological and atypical acid fast bacteria were reported by many authers. The tuberculin skin test that is widely utilized to diagnose tuberculosis of the dairy cattle was of smaller significance for the certification o

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권1호
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• pp.39-42
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• 2010

Mycobacterium massiliense is newly identified rapid-growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, but there are no reports of this mycobacterium species being the cause of human illness. We describe one case of Mycobacterium massiliense infection presenting as antibiotic-resistant acute pneumonia that resulted in surgical treatment.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2007

Recent in vitro studies have revealed that a certain Mycobacterium can survive and multiply within free-living amoebae. It is believed that protozoans function as host cells for the intracellular replication and evasion of Mycobacterium spp. under harmful conditions. In this study, we describe the isolation and characterization of a bacterium naturally observed within an amoeba isolate acquired from a contact lens storage case. The bacterium multi-plied within Acanthamoeba, but exerted no cytopathic effects on the amoeba during a 6-year amoebic culture. Trasnmission electron microscopy showed that the bacteria were randomly distributed within the cytoplasm of trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. On the basis of the results of 18S rRNA gene analysis, the amoeba was identified as A. lugdunensis. A 16S rRNA gene analysis placed this bacterium within the genus Mycobacterium. The bacterium evidenced positive reactivity for acid-fast and fluorescent acid-fast stains. The bacterium was capable of growth on the Middlebrook 7H11-Mycobacterium-specific agar. The identification and characterization of bacterial endosymbionts of free-living protozoa bears significant implications for our understanding of the ecology and the identification of other atypical mycobacterial pathogens.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권3호
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• pp.207-211
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• 2010

Novel influenza A (H1N1) virus is a common pathogen of febrile respiratory infection recently. Here, we report the case of a 63-year-old male patient who presented with 3 days' ongoing cough and fever. He was diagnosed with novel influenza A (H1N1) pneumonia by real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (rRT-PCR). During treatment for novel influenza A (H1N1), his symptoms and radiologic findings improved initially, but multiple lung nodules developed subsequently and found on chest x-ray (on the 5th hospital day). Mycobacterium abscessus was isolated repeatedly from sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease in a patient with H1N1 influenza pneumonia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2008

M. fortuitum은 호흡기 검체에서 동정되는 경우 대부분 집락화나 일시적인 감염으로 여겨지고 있고, 다른 NTM 폐질환처럼 장기간의 항생제 치료가 필요한 경우는 드물다. 저자들은 객담 항산균 도말과 배양검사에서 강양성을 보이면서, 임상증상과 방사선의 악화소견을 보여 장기간의 경구용 항생제 치료를 실시한 M. fortuitum 폐질환 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.307-320
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• 2014

Mycobacterium scrofulaceum is an environmental and slow-growing atypical mycobacterium. Emerging evidence suggests that M. scrofulaceum infection is associated with cervical lymphadenitis in children and pulmonary or systemic infections in immunocompromised adults. However, the nature of host innate immune responses to M. scrofulaceum remains unclear. In this study, we examined the innate immune responses in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) infected with different M. scrofulaceum strains including ATCC type strains and two clinically isolated strains (rough and smooth types). All three strains resulted in the production of proinflammatory cytokines in BMDMs mediated through toll-like receptor-2 and the adaptor MyD88. Activation of MAPKs (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and nuclear receptor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ together with intracellular reactive oxygen species generation were required for the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in BMDMs. In addition, the rough morphotypes of M. scrofulaceum clinical strains induced higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines, MAPK and NF-${\kappa}B$ activation, and ROS production than other strains. When mice were infected with different M. scrofulaceum strains, those infected with the rough strain showed the greatest hepatosplenomegaly, granulomatous lesions, and immune cell infiltration in the lungs. Notably, the bacterial load was higher in mice infected with rough colonies than in mice infected with ATCC or smooth strains. Collectively, these data indicate that rough M. scrofulaceum induces higher inflammatory responses and virulence than ATCC or smooth strains.