• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.44-52
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effect on Brain Quotient from inhalation of blended oils. The subjects of the study were 64 people aged 20 to 59 years, with 32 in the experimental group and 32 in the control group. Blended oil with six aromas (Lavender, Bergamot, Mandarin, Lemon, Cedarwood, Roman Chamomile) was given to the experimental group, and Jojoba oil was given to the control group, for 30 minutes. Before and after the experiment, BQ tests (SRQ, BRQ, ATQ, ACQ, EQ, ASQ, CQ, and BQ) from the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed using a brain-training machine (NeuroHarmony S). There was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in three out of the eight tests analyzed ATQ (p<.05), ACQ (p<.05), BQ (p<.05). In other words, aromatherapy improves concentration and memory by increasing attention, and helps to maintain mental activity, thinking ability, and behavioral balance. BQ also represents a comprehensive brain function, and aromatherapy is a good way to maintain human mental and physical health.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

The corelation between the indoor volume and the measured radon concentration has been analyzed by comparing the radon concentration and the indoor volume of apartment rooms in Jeonju City. We also measured the annual exposure dose based on the variation in indoor radon concentration over time. To do this, we took 8 larger rooms and 8 smaller rooms of apartment, respectively, as a sample. The average volume of the larger rooms and that of the smaller rooms were $31.59\;m^3$ and $16.82\;m^3$, respectively. The average radon concentration of the larger rooms and that of the smaller rooms turned out to be $71.73\;Bq/m^3$ and $108.51\;Eq/m^3$, respectively. indicating that indoor volume is in inverse proportion to the radon concentration, i.e., the bigger the ratio of the surface area/volume, the higher the indoor radon concentration. From the measurement of the variation in indoor radon concentration over time fur a single day, the average intraday radon concentration variation was found to be about $46.8\;Bq/m^3$. The highest level of concentration ($114.5\;Bq/m^3$) was measured between 8 and 10 AM and the lowest level of concentration ($67.7\;Bq/m^3$) between 2 and 4 PM. The annual exposure dose turned out to be in the range of 0.3 mSv/yr to 2.16 mSv/yr, showing that the dose in some apartments exceeded 1.3 mSv/yr, the numerical value presented by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.231-235
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• 2011

Radium is rock or soil of crust or uranium of building materials and thorium after radioactivity collapse process are created colorless and odorless inert gas that accrue well in sealed space like mine or basement. It inflow to lung circulate respiratory organ and caused lung cancer because of deposition of lung or bronchial tubes. Radium sheath of medical institution treat person's life is possible big danger to professional regarding radioactivity who has much amount exposed radioactivity and weaker immune patient. so we do this test. Using measuring instrument at test is real time radium measuring instrument, Professional Continuous Radon monitor, and measuring places are basement first floor and second floor of two hospitals and measure from 10 a.m to 3 p.m. Measurement result of Professional Continuous Radon monitor is minimum 14.8 Bq/$m^3$ to maximum 70.3 Bq/$m^3$ and show domestic baseline below 148 Bq/$m^3$, effective dose-rate is minimum 0.296 mSv to maximum 1.406 mSv that show 2.4 mSv, 10~58.3% level, exposed radiation amount from nature radiation one year.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.194-203
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• 2021

Background: Surface soil radiation monitoring around nuclear facilities is important to classify and characterize the contaminated areas. A scanning and direct measurement technique can survey the sites rapidly before starting sampling analysis. Materials and Methods: Regarding this, we test and suggest a measurement technique for gross alpha/beta and ⁹⁰Sr activities in surface soil based on a mobile ZnS(Ag)/PVT (polyvinyltoluene) array and a handheld PVT rod, respectively. To detect ⁹⁰Sr selectively in soil mixed with naturally occurring radioactive materials, chosen energy channel counts from the multichannel analyzers were used instead of whole channel counts. Soil samples contaminated with exempt liquid ⁹⁰Sr with 1 Bq·g^-1, 3 Bq·g^-1, and 10 Bq·g^-1 were prepared and hardened by flocculation. Results and Discussion: The mobile ZnS(Ag)/PVT array could discriminate gross alpha, gross beta, and gamma radiation by the different pulse-shaped signal features of each sensor material. If the array is deployed on a vehicle, the scan minimum detectable concentration (MDC) range will be about 0.11-0.17 Bq·g^-1 at 18 km·h^-1 speed, highly sensitive to actual sites. The handheld PVT rod with 12 mm (Φ) × 20 mm (H) size can directly measure ⁹⁰Sr selectively if channels on which energies are from 1,470 and 2,279 keV are gated, minimizing crossdetection of other radionuclides. These methods were verified by measuring soil samples fabricated with homogeneous ⁹⁰Sr concentrations, showing static MDC of 2.16 Bq·g^-1 at a measurement time of 300 seconds. Conclusion: Based on the results, comprehensive procedures using these detectors are suggested to optimize soil sites survey.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2010

To do an experimental analysis in this paper, we divided two non-equivalent control groups, such as pre and post test groups for difference listening types by serious game contents. From these test groups, we can achieve the most ability of its activity quotient (ACQ) effect is a phonic type and the next one is an aural type. The purpose of this paper is focused on the quantitative analysis of the human's brain quotient (BQ) derived from serious educational game contents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2017

Objectives: Radon may be second only to smoking as a cause of lung cancer. Radon is a colorless, tasteless radioactive gas that is formed via the radioactive decay of radium. Therefore, radon levels can build up based on the amount of radium contained in construction materials such as phospho-gypsum board or when ventilation rates are low. This study provides our findings from evaluation of radon gas at facilities and offices in an industrial complex. Methods: We evaluated the office rooms and processes of 12 manufacturing factories from May 14, 2014 to September 23, 2014. Short-term data were measured by using real-time monitoring detectors(Model 1030, Sun Nuclear Co., USA) indoors in the office buildings. The radon measurements were recorded at 30-minute intervals over approximately 48 hours. The limit of detection of this instrument is $3.7Bq/m^3$. Also, long-term data were measured by using ${\alpha}-track$ radon detectors(${\alpha}-track$, Rn-tech Co., Korea) in the office and factory buildings. Our detectors were exposed for over 90 days, resulting in a minimum detectable concentration of $7.4Bq/m^3$. Detectors were placed 150-220 cm above the floor. Results: Radon concentrations averaged $20.6{\pm}17.0Bq/m^3$($3.7-115.8Bq/m^3$) in the overall area. The monthly mean concentration of radon by building materials were in the order of gypsum>concrete>cement. Radon concentrations were measured using ${\alpha}-track$ in parallel with direct-reading radon detectors and the two metric methods for radon monitoring were compared. A t-test for the two sampling methods showed that there is no difference between the average radon concentrations(p<0.05). Most of the office buildings did not have central air-conditioning, but several rooms had window- or ceiling-mounted units. Employees could also open windows. The first, second and third floors were used mainly for office work. Conclusions: Radon levels measured during this assessment in the office rooms of buildings and processes in factories were well below the ICRP reference level of $1,000Bq/m^3$ for workplaces and also below the lower USEPA residential guideline of $148Bq/m^3$. The range of indoor annual effective dose due to radon exposure for workers working in the office and factory buildings was 0.01 to 1.45 mSv/yr. Construction materials such as phospho-gypsum board, concrete and cement were the main emission sources for workers' exposure.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 2018

Purpose In PET/CT exam, washed-out artifact could occur due to severe motion of the patient and high specific activity, it results in lowering not only qualitative reading but also quantitative analysis. Scatter limitation correction by GE is an algorism to correct washed-out artifact and recover the images in PET scan. The purpose of this study is to measure the threshold of specific activity which can recovers to original uptake values on the image shown with washed-out artifact from phantom experiment and to compare the quantitative analysis of the clinical patient's data before and after correction. Materials and Methods PET and CT images were acquired in having no misalignment(D0) and in 1, 2, 3, 4 cm distance of misalignment(D1, D2, D3, D4) respectively, with 20 steps of each specific activity from 20 to 20,000 kBq/ml on $^{68}Ge$ cylinder phantom. Also, we measured the distance of misalignment of foley catheter line between CT and PET images, the specific activity which makes washed-out artifact, $SUV_{mean}$ of muscle in artifact slice and $SUV_{max}$ of lesion in artifact slice and $SUV_{max}$ of the other lesion out of artifact slice before and after correction respectively from 34 patients who underwent $^{18}F-FDG$ Fusion Whole Body PET/CT exam. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the difference in the SUV between before and after scatter limitation correction by paired t-test. Results In phantom experiment, $SUV_{mean}$ of $^{68}Ge$ cylinder decreased as specific activity of $^{18}F$ increased. $SUV_{mean}$ more and more decreased as the distance of misalignment between CT and PET more increased. On the other hand, the effect of correction increased as the distance more increased. From phantom experiments, there was no washed-out artifact below 50 kBq/ml and $SUV_{mean}$ was same from origin. On D0 and D1, $SUV_{mean}$ recovered to origin(0.95) below 120 kBq/ml when applying scatter limitation correction. On D2 and D3, $SUV_{mean}$ recovered to origin below 100 kBq/ml. On D4, $SUV_{mean}$ recovered to origin below 80 kBq/ml. From 34 clinical patient's data, the average distance of misalignment was 2.02 cm and the average specific activity which makes washed-out artifact was 490.15 kBq/ml. The average $SUV_{mean}$ of muscles and the average $SUV_{max}$ of lesions in artifact slice before and after the correction show a significant difference according to a paired t-test respectively(t=-13.805, p=0.000)(t=-2.851, p=0.012), but the average $SUV_{max}$ of lesions out of artifact slice show a no significant difference (t=-1.173, p=0.250). Conclusion Scatter limitation correction algorism by GE PET/CT scanner helps to correct washed-out artifact from motion of a patient or high specific activity and to recover the PET images. When we read the image occurred with washed-out artifact by measuring the distance of misalignment between CT and PET image, specific activity after applying scatter limitation algorism, we can analyze the images more accurately without repeating scan.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.3760-3768
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• 2015

This study was to examine the correlation of Personality and EEG. Personality test and EEG of the 40 team leader of a business enterprise were carried out at the same time and the correlation of test results were analyzed. Personality test was done by Big 5 and brain waves were measured by 2-Channel EEG System at Fp1 and Fp2. The analysis showed a positive correlation between the Big 5 agreeableness and SRQ(Self Regulation Quotient) relaxation status which is related with alpha rhythm, and showed a negative correlation between the Big 5 openness and SRQ concentration status which is related with low_beta rhythm. It means that the personality is closely correlated with human brain cortex activation and can be checked by brainwave analysis.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 1995

The concentration of Cs-137 and Sr-90 has been analyzed in soils around Taejon region. A correalation was found between the concentration of Cs-137 and the organic matter content. The mean value of Cs-137 was 14.37Bq/kg-dry and that of Sr-90 was 7.95Bq/kg-dry in undisturbed soils around Taejon region. The concentration ratio of Cs-137/Sr-90 was 1.99. The distribution of Cs-137 and Sr-90 was similar to cumulative fallout level and had been more affected by nuclear weapons test than by the chernobyl accident.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.544-548
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• 2003

The Irradiation test of bar code label tagged on radioactive waste container was done to determine the effect of radiation. Low and medium radioactive waste is that below total activity of 4,000 Bq/g according to the Korean nuclear law. The irradiation amount to radiate bar code label tagged on radioactive waste container was calculated by MCNP-4b computer code. The nuclide such as Co-60 and Cs-137 was assumed to contribute 50% of total activity. Real irradiation amount for bar code label was finally calculated by the dimensions of the container and the bar code label. The Identification of post and the physical deflection of irradiated bar code label was tested by the bar code reader. The coated bar code label was suitable to use on low and medium radioactive waste container.