• Title/Summary/Keyword: Biocompatibility

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A review of biocompatibility of zirconia and bioactivity as a zirconia implant: In vivo experiment (지르코니아의 생체적합성과 임플란트로서의 생체활성에 대한 연구: In vivo 실험 문헌 고찰)

  • Suh, Da-Won;Kim, Young-Kyun;Yi, Yang-Jin
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.57 no.1
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    • pp.88-94
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    • 2019
  • Increasing demands for esthetic dental treatment, zirconia, which has high mechanical and esthetic properties, had been applied more and more in clinics. Therefore, assessment of biocompatibility of zirconia is necessary. In this article, a review of in vivo studies of zirconia compatibility was performed. In vivo studies showed zirconia had great biocompatibility both on soft and hard tissue. Studies with various animals and patients reported high biocompatibility of zirconia. In terms of bone synthesis and bone adhesion, zirconia showed similar biocompatible properties to titanium. On the other hand, zirconia could be used as implant. For using as an implant, various methods of Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating had been suggested. Since HA coating on titanium implant showed some problems such as low bonding strength and degeneration of HA, HA-zirconia composite, HA-coated zirconia, and HA-zirconia functionally graded material (FGM) or intermediate layer of alumina had been proposed. These methods showed higher bonding strength and biocompatibility.

THE EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXICITY AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF TI-TA-NB-BASE ALLOY (Ti-Ta-Nb계 합금의 세포독성과 생체적합성의 평가)

  • Cui De-Zhe;Vang Mong-Sook;Yoon Taek-Rin
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.250-263
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    • 2006
  • Statement of problem: Ti-alloy has been used widely since it was produced in the United States in 1947 because it has high biocompatibility and anticorrosive characteristics. Purpose: The pure titanium, however, was used limitedly due to insufficient mechanical charateristics and difficult manufacturing process. Our previous study was focused on the development of a new titanium alloy. In the previous study we found that the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy had better mechanical characteristics and similar anticorrosive characteristics to Ti-6Al-4V Material and methods: In this study, the cytotoxicity of the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy was evaluated by MTT assay using MSCs(Mesenchaimal stem cells) and L929 cells(fibroblast cell line). The biocompatibility of the Ti-Ta-Nb alloy was performed by inserting the alloy into the femur of the rabbits and observing the radiological and histological changes surrounding the alloy implant. Results: 1. In the cytotoxicity test using MSCs, the 60% survival rate was observed in pure titanium, 84% in Ti-6Al-4V alloy and 95% in Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy. 2. In the animal study, the serial follow-up of the radiographs showed no separation or migration revealing gradual bone ingrowth surrounding the implants. Similar radiographic results were obtained among three implant groups pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V alloy and Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy. 3. In the histologic examination of the bone block containing the implants. the bone ingrowth was prominent around the implants with the lapse of time. There was no signs of any tissue rejection, degeneration, or inflammation. Active bone ingrowth was observed around the implants. In the comparison of the three groups, the rate of bone ingrowth was better in the Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy group than those in pure titanium group or Ti-6Al-4V alloy group. In conclusion, Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy revealed better biocompatibility in survival rate of the cells and bone ingrowth around the implants. Therefore we believe a newly developed Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy can replace currently used Ti-6Al-4V alloy to increase biocompatibility and to decrease side effects. Conclusion: In conclusion, Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy revealed better biocompatibility in survival rate of the cells and bone ingrowth around the implants. Therefore we believe a newly developed Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy can replace currently used Ti-6Al-4V alloy to increase biocompatibility and to decrease side effects.

Nanowire Patterning for Biomedical Applications

  • Yun, Young-Sik;Lee, Jun-Young;Yeo, Jong-Souk
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2012.08a
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    • pp.382-382
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    • 2012
  • Nanostructures have a larger surface/volume ratio as well as unique mechanical, physical, chemical properties compared to existing bulk materials. Materials for biomedical implants require a good biocompatibility to provide a rapid recovery following surgical procedure and a stabilization of the region where the implants have been inserted. The biocompatibility is evaluated by the degree of the interaction between the implant materials and the cells around the implants. Recent researches on this topic focus on utilizing the characteristics of the nanostructures to improve the biocompatibility. Several studies suggest that the degree of the interaction is varied by the relative size of the nanostructures and cells, and the morphology of the surface of the implant [1, 2]. In this paper, we fabricate the nanowires on the Ti substrate for better biocompatible implants and other biomedical applications such as artificial internal organ, tissue engineered biomaterials, or implantable nano-medical devices. Nanowires are fabricated with two methods: first, nanowire arrays are patterned on the surface using e-beam lithography. Then, the nanowires are further defined with deep reactive ion etching (RIE). The other method is self-assembly based on vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism using Sn as metal-catalyst. Sn nanoparticle solutions are used in various concentrations to fabricate the nanowires with different pitches. Fabricated nanowries are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tthe biocompatibility of the nanowires will further be investigated.

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Chemical Constitution, Morphological Characteristics, and Biological Properties of ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Ortho Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

  • Kum, Kee Yeon;Yoo, Yeon Jee;Chang, Seok Woo
    • Journal of Korean Dental Science
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.41-49
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: This study sought to compare the elemental constitution, morphological characteristics, particle size distribution, biocompatibility, and mineralization potential of Ortho MTA (OMTA) and ProRoot MTA (PMTA). Materials and Methods: OMTA and PMTA were compared using energy-dispersive spectrometry, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The biocompatibility and mineralization-related gene expression (osteonectin and osteopontin) of both MTAs were also compared using methylthiazol tetrazolium assay and reverse transcription-polymerization chain reaction analysis, respectively. The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni correction. P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Result: The morphology of OMTA powders was similar to that of PMTA. The constituent elements of both MTAs were calcium, silicon, and aluminum. The mean particle sizes of OMTA and PMTA were 4.60 and 3.34 mm, respectively. Both MTAs had equally favorable in vitro biocompatibility and affected the messenger RNA expression of osteonectin and osteopontin. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, OMTA could be a promising biomaterial in clinical endodontics.

Establishment of Validation Methods to Test the Biocompatibility of Titanium Dioxide

  • Kim, Mi-Ju;Lim, Hee-Joung;Lee, Byung Gun;Kim, Jong-Hoon;Choi, Jinsub;Kang, Hee-Gyoo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.1857-1863
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    • 2013
  • Most of biomaterials come in direct contact with the body, making standardized methods of evaluation and validation of biocompatibility an important aspect to biomaterial development. However, biomaterial validation guidelines have not been fully established, until now. This study was to compare the in vitro behavior of osteoblasts cultured on nanomaterial $TiO_2$ surfaces to osteoblast behavior on culture plates. Comparisons were also made to cells grown in conditioned media (CM) that creates an environment similar to the in vivo environment. Comparisons were made between the different growth conditions for osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and functionality. We found that the in vivo-like system of growing cells in concentrated CM provided a good validation method for biomaterial development and in vivo implant therapy. The $TiO_2$ materials were biocompatible, showing similar behavior to that observed in vivo. This study provided valuable information that would aid in the creation of guidelines into standardization and evaluation of biocompatibility in $TiO_2$ biomaterials.

A Study on the Properties of Design for the Biomaterial Ti-Ag-Zr Alloys Using DV-Xα Molecular Orbital Method (DV-Xα 분자궤도법으로 설계한 생체용 Ti-Ag-Zr 합금 특성 평가)

  • Baek, Min-Sook;Yoon, Dong-Joo;Kim, Byung-Il
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.175-179
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    • 2014
  • Ti and Ti alloys have been extensively used in the medical and dental fields because of their good corrosion resistance, high strength to density ratio and especially, their low elastic modulus compared to other metallic materials. Recent trends in biomaterials research have focused on development of metallic alloys with elastic modulus similar to natural bone, however, many candidate materials also contain toxic elements that would be biologically harmful. In this study, new Ti based alloys which do not contain the toxic metallic components were developed using a theoretical method (DV-$X{\alpha}$). In addition, alloys were developed with improved mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Ternary Ti-Ag-Zr alloys consisting of biocompatible alloying elements were produced to investigate the alloying effect on microstructure, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. The effects of various contents of Zr on the mechanical properties and biocompatibility were compared. The alloys exhibited higher strength and corrosion resistance than pure Ti, had antibacterial properties, and were not observed to be cytotoxic. Of the designed alloys' mechanical properties and biocompatibility, the Ti-3Ag-0.5Zr alloy had the best results.

Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of high mol% yttria containing zirconia

  • Gulsan Ara Sathi Kazi;Ryo Yamagiwa
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.52.1-52.11
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: Yttria-stabilized tetragonal phase zirconia has been used as a dental restorative material for over a decade. While it is still the strongest and toughest ceramic, its translucency remains as a significant drawback. To overcome this, stabilizing the translucency zirconia to a significant cubic crystalline phase by increasing the yttria content to more than 8 mol% (8YTZP). However, the biocompatibility of a high amount of yttria is still an important topic that needs to be investigated. Materials and Methods: Commercially available 8YTZP plates were used. To enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, the surface of the 8YTZP is sequentially polished with a SiC-coated abrasive paper and surface coating with type I collagen. Fibroblast-like cells L929 used for cell adherence and cell proliferation analysis, and mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) used for cell differentiation analysis. Results: The results revealed that all samples, regardless of the surface treatment, are hydrophilic and showed a strong affinity for water. Even the cell culture results indicate that simple surface polishing and coating can affect cellular behavior by enhancing cell adhesion and proliferation. Both L929 cells and BMSC were nicely adhered to and proliferated in all conditions. Conclusions: The results demonstrate the biocompatibility of the cubic phase zirconia with 8 mol% yttria and suggest that yttria with a higher zirconia content are not toxic to the cells, support a strong adhesion of cells on their surfaces, and promote cell proliferation and differentiation. All these confirm its potential use in tissue engineering.

BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF FOOD COLORING AGENTS TO DEVELOP NEW DENTAL PLAQUE DISCLOSANTS (새로운 치면세균막 착색제 개발을 위한 식용색소의 생체적합성 연구)

  • Lee, Kwang-Hee
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.14-24
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of study was to develop new dental plaque disclosants which could replace erythrosine. Three food coloring agents(Red No.40, Blue No.1, and Mixed Green), erythrosine and fluorescein were tested for their color difference, antibacterial property, and biocompatibility. Color difference of Red No.40 was greater than that of erythrosine as concentration of solution increased. Color differences of Blue No.1 and Mixed Green were smaller than that of red dyes. Erythrosine showed obvious antibacterial property, but food coloring agents showed almost no antibacterial property. The taste and sensation of erythrosine was the worst, and the taste of Red No.40 and the sensation of Mixed Green were the most tolerable. Erythrosine stained dental plaque and oral soft tissue most deeply and long, and Blue No.1 was the next in the depth and longevity of stain.

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Toxicity and Biomedical Imaging of Fluorescence-Conjugated Nanoparticles in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

  • Min, Gye-Sik;Kim, Dong-Ku
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.503-510
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    • 2011
  • Cellular uptake of nanoparticles for stem cell labeling and tracking is a critical technique for biomedical therapeutic applications. However, current techniques suffer from low intracellular labeling efficiency and cytotoxic effects, which has led to great interest in the development of a new labeling strategy. Using silica-coated nanoparticles conjugated with rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC) (SR), we tested the cellular uptake efficiency, biocompatibility, proliferation or differentiation ability with murine bone marrow derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. The bone marrow hematopoietic cells showed efficient uptake with SR with dose or time dependent manner and also provided a higher uptake on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Biocompatibility tests revealed that the SR had no deleterious effects on cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, or multi-differentiation capacities in vitro and in vivo. SR nanoparticles are advantageous over traditional labeling techniques as they possess a high level of cellular internalization without limiting the biofunctionality of the cells. Therefore, SR provides a useful alternative for gene or drug delivery into hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells for basic research and clinical applications.