• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.863-870
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• 2011

In this study, muffins containing Bokbunja, popularly known as a psychological activator and functional material, was made, and its preference levels and qualitative characteristics were evaluated. We measured the height and weight of muffins containing Bokbunja powder. Height decreased when the volume of Bokbunja powder increased (p<0.001). When weight was measured, there was no meaningful difference between the samples, although the Bokbunja powder-containing samples were heavier than the samples not containing Bokbunja powder. When we measured the weight and specific volume of the muffins containing Bokbunja powder, the specific volume decreased when the amount of Bokbunja powder increased (p<0.001). The moisture and pH levels of the muffins not containing Bokbunja powder were 17.04% and pH 8.59, respectively. As the volume of Bokbunja powder increased, the moisture level of Bokbunja muffin increased while the pH decreased, and there was a significant difference (p<0.001). As a result of measuring the colors of muffins, the brightness of the muffins containing Bokbunja powder decreased, and the muffins showed decreased yellowness index and increased redness. In measuring the texture of Bokbunja muffins, hardness decreased as the volume of Bokbunja power increased (p<0.001). Further, springness of the muffins decreased as the volume of Bokbunja powder increased, and there was a significant difference (p<0.001). The chewiness of the muffins not containing Bokbunja powder was higher than any other muffin sample, and there was a significant difference between the samples (p<0.001). Further, the cohesiveness of the decreased as the volume of Bokbunja powder increased (p<0.001). Bokbunja muffins showed a lower gumminess index than those not containing Bokbunja powder (p< 0.05). When the sensual qualities of the muffins were measured, the color, flavor, taste, and softness of all of the samples showed significant differences (p<0.001), and the muffins containing 8% Bokbunja powder showed the highest sensual quality indexes. When the general preference level for the muffins was measured, the muffins containing 8% Bokbunja powder showed the highest index, 7.03${\pm}$0.96. Based on this result, the ideal volume of Bokbunja powder when making muffins is 8%.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.287-299
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• 2015

Antioxidant activity of factory eel teriyaki sauce with bokbunja was investigated by functional analysis. Sugar content analysis of eel teriyaki sauce-free with bokbunja showed fructose and glucose but not maltose. Anthocyanin content of eel teriyaki sauce with bokbunja juice concentrate was 40%. DPPH radical scavenging activity and total polyphenol content of bokbunja added eel teriyaki sauce increased with increasing amount of bokbunja and were 80% higher than control sample. Total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were closely related to electron donating ability. The preferred concentrations of eel teriyaki sauce for commercial production were 60% for bokbunja, 40% for bokbunja concentrate, 20% for bokbunja powder eel.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.634-641
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• 2012

In this study, the physicochemical and quality characteristics of eel sauce added with bokbunja powder were evaluated. Crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, and crude fiber contents increased in eel sauce with increasing amount of bokbunja powder. The lowest pH and salinity were observed in eel sauce added with 80% bokbunja powder, whereas the solid content, titratable acidity, and viscosity were the highest. Regarding Hunter's color results, lightness L and redness a values increased with increasing amounts of bokbunja, and the red color was significantly different between each sample. In the sensory evaluation results, the color, bokbunja flavor, bokbunja taste, salty taste, and moistness significantly increased with higher amount of bokbunja powder. Overall acceptability from 80%<60%<40%<0%<20% sequence supplemented with 20% in group symbols 7.08 to higher. Eel sauce added with 20% bokbunja powder produced the most desirable characteristics compared to other amounts of added bokbunja powder.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.958-966
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• 2009

In this study, Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus), which has various medical applications and excellent functionality, was used together with Teriyaki sauce to compare and analyze the effect of different amounts of Bokbunja (0, 3, 6, 9, 12%) on the physico-chemical quality of a Teriyaki sauce. The sensual quality of Bokbunja Teriyaki sauce and a roasted eel spread with Bokbunja Teriyaki sauce was analyzed to detemine the merchandising potential of this sauce. The moisture content of the Teriyaki sauce decreased as the amount of added Bokbunja increased, and the 3% group showed the highest decrease, which was 73.1%. As the amount of added Bokbunja increased the pH was showen to decreased, and the sweetness of the Teriyaki sauce increased. The sauce containing 12% Bokbunja had the highest increase of $36.9^{\circ}Brix$. The amount reducing sugar was significantly different between each sample. In terms of the L (lightness) value, highter amounts of added Bokbunja resulted in an increase in the L (lightness) of the sauce and significant differences were obsered between sample groups. In regards to the texture, no significant changes were shown for hardness even though the amount of Bokbunja added was different. There was a significant difference between samples for gumminess, a highter concentration of Bokbunja resulted in a higher gumminess of the sauce. As for adhesiveness, there was a significant difference between samples; as more Bokbunja was added, the sauce became betwkier. In regards to the preference of roasted eel containing this sauce, the 6% Bokbunja sauce was the most preferred with a score 7.98 points, and as for flavor, there was significant difference between sauces containing 3, 6 and 9% Bokbunja. In addition there wasn't any significant difference between each sample for sweetness. For softness, the 6% Bokbunja sauce was the most preferred with a score of 9.36 points. The overall-acceptability was in this order: 6>9>3>0>12%, Thus, from the physico-chemical and sensual perspective, the 6% Bokbunja sauce is highly recommended for potential commercial use. In conclusion, we examined the effect of combining Bokbunja, which has medicinal applications and excellent functionality, with Teriyaki sauce and the results of this study indicate that Bokbunja combined Teriyaki sauce produce a high quality food that holds promise for commercialization.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.616-620
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of Bokbunja pudding, using various levels of Bokbunja fruit juice (140, 150, and 130 g), Bokbunja Wine (10, 20, and 20 g), gelatin (18, 17, and 16 g) and sugar (250, 200, and 150 g). In order to establish the optimal added amounts, chemical composition, saccharinity, color, texture, and sensory evaluations were conducted, and the results of various cases were analyzed and assessed. The statistical data analyses were conducted using the SPSS program. The saccharinity of the Bokbunja pudding increased with increasing amountsof added sugar. Additionally, as the amount of added Gelatin was increased, the L values (lightness) of the Bokbunja pudding decreased. Conversely, the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness values all decreased with decreasing levels of added gelatin and sugar. The optimal mixing condition for the Bokbunja pudding was determined via sensory evaluation. Sensory characteristics, including flavor, sweetness, texture, and overall acceptability, were highest in the type C product. The chemical composition of the type C product was as follows: moisture 71.47%, carbohydrate 24.70%, crude protein 3.83%, crude fat 0.001%, and crude ash 0.001%. According to our results, the optimum mixing ratio for the most satisfactory sensory characteristics of Bokbunja was as follows: Bokbunja fruit juice 130 g, Bokbunja Wine 20 g, Gelatin 16 g, Sugar 150 g, Bokbunja Flavor 0.3 g, and Water 400 g.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.531-543
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• 2011

In this study, Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miquel) was used with a Demi-glace sauce to compare and analyze the effect of different amounts of Bokbunja (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%) on the physico-chemical qualities of the Demi-glace sauce. The moisture content of Demi-glace sauce increased but crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash decreased as the amount of added Bokbunja increased. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the control group was 43.33%, whereas Bokbunja Demi-glace sauces ranged from 83.13~86.40%. As the amount of added Bokbunja increase, pH decreased, and acidity of the Demi-glace sauces increased. Sauce sweetness was significantly different between each sample (p<0.01). Salinity decreased, but viscosity increased as the amount of added Bokbunja increased. Color L, a and b values decreased significantly, as storage period increased. The sensory property results showed that the 20% and 30% Bokbunja sauces were higher than the others. The 20% Bokbunja sauce was the most preferred with regards to the balance of a steak containing this sauce with a score 5.34 points.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2012

This study was performed to determined the antioxidant activities, anticancer and immuno-activities of anthocyanin fraction from Rubus coreanus Miquel fruits (Bokbunja). Anthocyanin fraction extracted from Bokbunja revealed the presence of three anthocyanin components, which were tentatively identified as cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside, cyanidin 3-O-xylosylrutinoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside using RP-HPLC/DAD/MS. The anthocyanin fraction from Bokbunja always showed reducing power and high scavenging activities against DPPH, hydroxy radical (OH) and superoxide anion radical ($O_2{^-}$) similar to general synthetic antioxidant and polyphenol compounds from plant origin. Anthocyanin fraction from Bokbunja showed high inhibition on proliferation of LNCaP and A549 cells and did not inhibit the proliferation of other cancer cells. Immuno-activities of Anthocyanin fraction from Bokbunja were investigated, it showed high promotion of human B and T cells growth about 50% and secretion of IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ by treatment after 6 days. Over all, the result of the study suggest that anthocyanin fraction from Bokbunja displays antioxidant activity comparable to that general synthetic antioxidant, also, anthocyanin fraction from Bokbunja are expected to be good candidate for development into source of anticaner and immuno-activator agent in food industry.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2021

본 연구는 국내에서 유통되고 있는 복분자, 서양복분자, 국내산 및 수입산 (중국) 복분자들을 대상으로 유리당, 무기성분, 유리 아미노산의 함량을 분석하여 비교하였으며, 생리활성 물질인 ellagic acid의 분석법을 검증한 후 각각의 시료별 함량을 분석하여 지표성분 기준설정에 활용하고자 하였다. 미숙한 복분자의 유리당 구성은 glucose와 fructose가 확인되었으며, 총 유리당의 함량은 국산 복분자(27.28 mg/g)가 수입산(중국) 복분자(21.58 mg/g)보다 높게 나타났다. 복분자의 무기성분 조성은 K의 함량이 가장 높았으며, 주요 아미노산은 threonine, asparagine, arginine, glutamine으로 확인되었고 cysteine은 검출되지 않았다. 추출용매별 ellagic acid 함량을 분석한 결과 dimethyl sulfoxide 와 methanol을 1 : 1로 첨가하여 추출하였을 경우 2.38 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 복분자, 서양복분자, 국내산 및 수입산(중국) 복분자의 시료 간 ellagic acid의 함량에는 차이가 없음을 확인하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2015

This study developed eel teriyaki sauce and suggests conditions for its commercialization. Consumer preference tests were carried out with Korean (n=50) and Japanese (n=50) consumers. Grilled eel samples were made by teriyaki sauce with addition of Bokbunja juice, powder, concentrates. The preference tests were itemized for color, flavor, taste, salty taste, softness and overall-preference of grilled eel. Korean and Japanese consumers preferred flavor and taste, and the degree of overall preference was rated higher at 60% for Bokbunja juice, 20% for Bokbunja powder, and 40% for Bokbunja concentrate. Japanese consumers also preferred its color as well. The items of softness and overall-preference had good ratings.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2014

발효 전 가수량에 따른 복분자 와인의 품질 특성을 분석하기 위해, 복분자 중량 대비 0배(A), 1배(B), 2배(C), 3배(D) 그리고 4배(E)의 물을 첨가하여 발효를 진행하였다. 가수량이 증가할수록 초기 pH는 높았지만, 발효 후에는 오히려 pH가 낮은 값을 보였다. 총산도는 가수량이 증가할수록 점차 감소했지만, 감소되는 비율은 적었다. 가수량이 증가할수록 발효 속도가 느려졌지만, 최종 알코올 함량은 높았다. 가수를 하지 않은 복분자 와인(A)에 비해 가수를 하고 제조한 복분자 와인(B, C, D, E)의 복분자 원료당 추출되는 총 폴리페놀 함량은 2.86-4.42배 높았으며, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 2.58-3.01배 높았다.