• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-130
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• 2006

It is important to coordinated interaction among neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells to maintain the function of brain. To study their regulatory mechanisms in vitro system, the co-culture system among the isolated cells from brain may be needed. However, the method for purifying brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) far culture have not established yet. In this study, the proper culture methods of mice cells using two different strains, CD1 and C57BL6, to obtain the pure and plentiful endothelial cells were described. The flatted-round forms of CD1 endothelial cells grew on the collagen-IV coating plates, while the purified cells from C57 mice preferred type collagen-I dishes for their growth. Both cells displayed anti-PECAM-1 (CD31) and von Willebrand Factor immune-reactivity. These results indicated that different coating materials not only improve attachment of isolated cells but also promoting growth of cells, suggesting that this method of purifying murine Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) provides a suitable model to investigate blood-brain-barrier (BBB) properties within neurovascular unit in vitro.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.46-46
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• 1993

The neuroprotective effect of betaine, one of the , components of Lycii Fructus, on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured chicken brain cells were examined. Betaine was found to attenuate glutamate-induced neurotoxicity at the concentration of 5-10 mM in both morphological and chemical aspects. The pretreament of chicken brain cells with 5-10 mM betaine for 2 hr at the 12th day of culture before the 40 min-exposure to 500${\mu}$M glutamate significantly increased the survival rate of nerve cells in chicken brain. Betaine could also raise the decreased LDH-level due to the neurotoxicity induced with 100${\mu}$M glutamate in chicken braill cells. LDH value was decreased to 63％ of control level in chicken brain cells at the time of 48 hr after the exposure to glutamate. However, the pretreament of chicken brain cells with 5 mM betaine for 2 hr before the exposure to glutamate could prevent the decrease of LDH-level in brain cells showing 90％ of control level. Nevertheless, tile remarkable neuroprotective effect of betaine on the glutamate-inducer in neurotoxicity in cultured chicken brain cells could not be observe when betaine was simultaneously administered with glutamate.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2019

Ependymal cells constitute the multi-ciliated epithelium, which lines the brain ventricular lumen. Although ependymal cells originate from radial glial cells in the perinatal rodent brain, the exact mechanisms underlying the full differentiation of ependymal cells are poorly understood. In this report, we present evidence that the Anks1a phosphotyrosine binding domain (PTB) adaptor is required for the proper development of ependymal cells in the rodent postnatal brain. Anks1a gene trap targeted LacZ reporter analysis revealed that Anks1a is expressed prominently in the ventricular region of the early postnatal brain and that its expression is restricted to mature ependymal cells during postnatal brain development. In addition, Anks1a-deficient ependymal cells were shown to possess type B cell characteristics, suggesting that ependymal cells require Anks1a in order to be fully differentiated. Finally, Anks1a overexpression in the lateral wall of the neonatal brain resulted in an increase in the number of ependymal cells during postnatal brain development. Altogether, our results suggest that ependymal cells require Anks1a PTB adaptor for their proper development.

• 생약학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.259-263
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• 1992

The neuroprotective effect of betaine, one of the components of Lycii Fructus, on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultured chicken brain cells were examined. Betaine was found to attenuate glutamate-induced neurotoxicity at the concentration of $5{\sim}10{\;}mM$ in both morphological and chemical aspects. The pretreatment of chicken brain cells with $5{\sim}10{\;}mM$betaine for 2hr at the 12 th day of culture before the 40min-exposure to $500\;{\mu}M$ glutamate significantly increased the survival rate of nerve cells in chicken brain. Betaine could also raise the decreased LDH-level in chicken brain cells which were induced neurotoxicity with $100\;{\mu}M$ glutamate. LDH value was decreased to 63% of control level in chicken brain cells at the time of 48 hr after the exposure to glutamate. However, the pretreatment of chicken brain cells with 5 mM betaine for 2 hr before the exposure to glutamate prevent the decrease of LDH in cells showing 90% of control level. Nevertheless, the remarkable neuroprotective effect of betaine on the glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in cultured chicken brain cells could not be observed when betaine was simultaneously administrated with glutamate.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2006

The tadpole larvae of most ascidians have two sensory pigment cells in their brain vesicle. The anterior otolith pigment cell is sensitive to gravity, whereas the posterior ocellus pigment cell responds to light. Besides these two sensory cells, the larvae also possess another type of sensory receptor cell: hydrostatic pressure receptor (Hpr) cells. The Hpr cells have been presumed to sense hydrostatic water pressure, although no functional analysis has been performed. In larvae of the ascidian Halocynthia reretzi, the development of the Hpr cells and their structure in the brain vesicle are poorly understood. To investigate the morphology and formation of the Hpr cells, we established a monoclonal antibody, Hpr-1, that specifically recognizes Hpr cells. The Hpr-1 antigens became detectable in the brain vesicle at the late tailbud stage. Each Hpr cell projected a small globular body, connected by a short stalk, into the lumen of the brain vesicle. The brain vesicle showed remarkable left-right asymmetry. Pigment cells were located on the right side in the lumen of the brain vesicle, whereas Hpr cells were present in the left side. After metamorphosis, the Hpr cells were observed near the rudimental siphons of the juvenile.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1989

Effects of dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng on primary cultured chicken embryonic brain cells were studied by microscopic observation and determination of the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC). Brain cells were prepared from the brain of 10-day-old chicken embryo and cultured with either a standard medium consisted of 85% Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), 10% horse serum and 5% chicken embryonic extracts or a deficient medium consisted of 90% DMEM and 10% horse serum. It was observed that dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng seemed to show the tendency to stimulate the neurite outgrowth of brain cells which were cultured with a deficient medium under microscopic observation. The activity of PDHC in brain cells cultured with a deficient medium was increased by dammarane glycosides of Panax ginseng.

• 생약학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 1989

Effects of Lycium chinensis, Epimedium koreanum and tuguaconitine which is isolated from Aconitum sibiricum on primary culture chicken embryonic brain cells were studied by microscopic observation and determined of the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex(PDHC). Brain cells were prepared from the brain of 10-day-old chicken embryo and cultured with a medicine consisted of 90% Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium(DMEM) and 10% horse serum. It was observed that all substances studied seemed to show the tendency to stimulate the neurite outgrowth of brain cells which were cultured with a deficient medium under microscopic observation. The activity of PDHC in brain cells cultured with a deficient medium was increased by Lysium chinensis and Epimedium koreanum. However, tuguaconitine had not influence on the activity of PDHC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9805-9812
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• 2014

Radixin, a member of the ERM (ezrin-radixin-moesin) family, plays important roles in cell motility, invasion and tumor progression. It is expressed in a variety of normal and neoplastic cells, including many types of epithelial and lymphoid examples. However, its function in glioblastomas remains elusive. Thus, in this study, radixin gene expression was first examined in the glioblastoma cells, then suppressed with a lentivirus-mediated short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) method.We found that there were high levels of radixin expression in glioblastoma U251cells. Radixin shRNA caused down-regulation of radixin gene expression and when radixin-silenced cells were implanted into nude mice, tumor growth was significantly inhibited as compared to blank control cells or nonsense shRNA cells. In addition, microvessel density in the tumors was significantly reduced. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and E-cadherin were up-regulated in radixin- suppressed glioblastoma U251 cells. In contrast, MMP9 was down-regulated. Taken together, our findings suggest that radixin is involved in GBM cell migration and invasion, and implicate TSP-1, E-cadherin and MMP9 as metastasis-inducing factors.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.444-449
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• 1995

Primary cultures of rat cortical and chicken embryonic brain cells were employed to establish a reliable screening method for natural products blocldng or enhancing glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Exposure of primary cultured rat cortical cells or chicken embryonic brain cells to high dose of glutamate resulted in the fragmentation of neutites and consequent neuronal death. The level of cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), indicator for cell survival in cultures, was significantly reduced at exposure to glutamate. For the practical application of the methods, series of concentrations of plants extracts and positive control were applied prior to the glutamate insult on primary cultures of rat cortical and chicken embryonic, brain cells. Relative LDH level in cells was measured for the estimation of the effect of the test materials on the glutamatergic neurons. The validity of the present screening method for natural products acting on glutamatergic neurons was examined with dextromethorphan, a known glutamatergic antagonist. The treatment of 100 $\mu{M}$ dextromethorphan prevented the reduction of LDH in rat cortical and chicken embryonic brain cells caused by glutamate insult keeping 60% and 90% of LDH level in normal control, respectively. Above results indicate that primary cultures of rat cortical and chicken embryonic brain cells could be proper systems for the screening of potential natural agents acting on glutamatergic, neurons. Between the two types of cultures, primary culture of chicken embryonic brain cells seemed to be a better system for the primary screening, since it is technically easier and economical compared to that of rat cortical cells.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was purposed to the anti-oxidative effects of Polygonati Multiflori Caulis(henceforth PMC) on oxidized brain and liver cells in rats. Methods : After extraction of PMC with water, the water extract was divided into five fractions : hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and an aqueous fraction. The phenol contents of each fraction were measured. The lipid peroxidation inhibition effect were then investigated. Results : After processing PCM water and PCM fractionations on oxidized brain cells in rats, the SOD (super oxide dismutase) activity and glutathione content were increased, and the NO (nitric oxide) content was decreased. It had much higher SOD activity than liver cells in rats excluded in the n-BuOH and aqueous fractions. In case of oxidized liver cells in rats, the SOD activity and glutathione content increased, while both the NO content and the MDA (malondialdehyde) content decreased. It had much higher glutathione content than brain cells in rats in the every fractions. It had much lower MDA content than brain cells in rats in the Aqueous fractions and brain cells in rats had much lower MDA content than liver cells in rats in the total extract, n-hexane, EtOEt, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions. Conclusions : PMC has anti-oxidative effect on oxidized liver cells and brain cells in rats, through there are differences in fraction. Additionally, Anti-oxidative effect of brain cells can be relaxed the mental nerve and it is related PMC effect.