• Title/Summary/Keyword: Brench

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A comparative study on immunogenicity of the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus live-vaccine and inactivated-vaccine (돼지유행성설사병(PEDV) 생독과 사독백신의 면역형성 비교연구)

  • Kwon, Mee-Soon;Cho, Hyun-Ung;Lee, Eun-Mi;Lee, Ji-Yoog;Seo, Heyng-Seok;Im, Jeong-Cheol;Hur, Boo-Hong
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.201-207
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    • 2009
  • Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and rotaviruses are considered as the most important causative agents of diarrhea in piglets. The study established 3 method vaccination programs to prevent PEDV. A (LL)group inoculated twice vaccinations on 2-weeks-interval during the late term of pregnant sows with PEDV live vaccine. The B (LKK) group was applied that one time single PEDV live vaccine at the pre-mate followed by the TGEV PEDV combined inactivated vaccine (twice vaccination on 2-weeks interval at the third-trimester). C (KK) group was applied to sow which inoculated twice vaccination on 2-weeks-interval during the late term of pregnant sows with by the TGEV, PEDV combined inactivated vaccine. As the result of SN test on sows in the pig farm before vaccination, antibody titers was showed 9/45 (20.0%). By comparison with the serum neutralizing antibody titers against PEDV of the vaccination programs after PEDV of the vaccination, A group and B group vaccination method was higher than those of C group in sows. In the piglets up to 2 weeks of age, A group was showed antibody titers of 17/22 (81.8%) that showed 2-128, and B group was showed antibody titers of 30/37 (81.1%) that showed 2-512, and C group was showed antibody titers of 14/28 (50.0%) that showed 2-32. On the other hand, PEDV antibody titers were tested for the survey. As the results of SN test, Aujeszky's disease survey in 54 pig farms from november 2005 to august 2006, antibody titers of 47/286 (16.4%) showed above 2. Five breeding farms were antibody titers of 38/77 (49.4%), Wanggung zone farms antibody titers of 59/85 (69.4%). In pigs farms vaccinated the first of twice PEDV live vaccine, and after 6 month, the second of twice TGEV PEDV combined inactivated vaccine (LLKK, 256-1024 titer) method was higher than those of vaccinated twice the early term of pregnant, and twice the late term of pregnant sows of PEDV live vaccine (LLLL, 32 titer).

A plan to harmonize the equipments of power distribution with its environment (배전설비의 환경조화방안)

  • Lee, Jae-Gwan;Kim, Sang-Yul
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1998.07c
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    • pp.1206-1209
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    • 1998
  • For 21th Century, the assignment of power distribution will be the expansion of equipments to supply electric power and harmony with its environment, in process of approving value consciousness of land, space, and the preservation of surroundings. This paper proposes a plan to match with the requirement about equipments, having ability to supply electric power, being harmonized itself with its surroundings by applying a general concept of "Amenity" when we choose an established form of power distribution.

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A Study on the Gradual Brench of Earth Dam (흙댐의 점진적 파괴에 관한 연구)

  • 오남선;선우중호
    • Water for future
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.213-221
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    • 1989
  • Gradual failure of an earth dam is caused by piping or overtopping. In this gradual failure, a breach will form and grow gradually under the erosive action of the waters. The process involved during an earth dam failure is very dynamic and complicated. The physical model of Fread and mathmatical model of Singh and Scarlatos are verified and compared in this study. Fread's model(BREACH) simulates dam failure well when sufficient data are given, and Singh and Scarlatos' model simulates it appoximately with a few simple data.

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The Countermeasure and Future Work on Bird-failure in Distribution Lines (배전선로의 조류고장 대책 및 향후 추진방향)

  • Wee, Hong-Choul;Cho, Si-Hyung
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1997.07c
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    • pp.813-815
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    • 1997
  • 최근의 전력품질은 양적인 요구에서 질적인 요구로 변화하고 순간적인 전압강하나 정전이 사회에 미치는 영향이 크게 되었다. 배전선로 신뢰도 향상을 통한 안정적 전력공급을 위해 조류고장 방지에 대한 대책을 지금까지 다양한 방법으로 시도하였으나 조류고장은 여전히 중가추세에 있다. 조류고장 원인을 분석하면 길조로 인식되고 있고 자연한경보호 의식이 고조되면서 까치수가 급증하고 지역개발에 의해 교목이 감소하면서 전주애 둥지를 짓고 둥지재료도 나무가지 및 철선을 이용하여 둥지재료와 전선과의 접촉으로 전선단선동 고장복구에 장시간을 요하게 된다. 조류피해 방지대책의 종류와 시행상 문제점을 분석하고 까치집을 철거하지 않고 까치와 공존 공생할 수 있는 환경 신화적이고 과학적인 배전설비 구축으로 조류고장의 근원적 해소로 양질의 전력공급에 최선을 다하고자 한다.

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신규 가입자망 기술의 경제성 평가를 위한 망 구조모형과 그 응용

  • 류태규;이정동;김태유
    • Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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    • 2000.11a
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    • pp.45-67
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    • 2000
  • Broadband access technologies plays an important role in the national information infrastructure. In the evolution path of the information infrastructure, the relative economics of alternative access technology is the most critical determining factor. In this paper, we discuss the economics of local loop access technologies of existing technologies, such as, ADSL, HFC, and new PLC. To do this, we suggest appropriate configuration of access network system and its associated numerical equations. To modelize access network system and drive the numerical equations, we consider the DS (Double Star) and the T&B (Tree & Brench) architecture and analyse the adequate block diagram of each access system for each technology We introduce the density of subscriber as a key variable and the equation of allocating optimal number of cell in a service area. We analyze the relative economics of local loop architecture in two different situations, that is, urban and rural. From the empirical implementation, we found that for the case of urban area, where the cost of cable and infrastructure is not necessary, there is not much difference in the cost per one subscriber. However, for the case of rural region, we found that there is remarkable difference in the cost per one subscriber among technologies. Therefore we conclude that the economics of local loop architecture is depend on the density of subscriber and existing network infrastructures. we hope that this paper contribute to the optimal technology selection of consmer, technology Providers, and government.

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An Experimental Study on the Prediction of Yield Load Using Ring Analysis Method in Circular Tubular X-Type Cross Sections (링해석법에 의한 X형 강관 격점부의 항복하중 예측에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Park, Il Min;Na, Seon Hong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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    • v.11 no.1 s.38
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    • pp.43-54
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    • 1999
  • The divergence connection between steel circular tubes is widely used in such structures as factory facilities, steel circular hollow section truss, and off-shore tower. Steel circular hollow section (SCHS) have close section, and it makes their per-unit production expense higher than open sectioned products like L-shape, H-shape steels, but the sectional resistance of SCHS against vertical compression and torsion is very high. Despite the structural merits of SCHS, however, many engineers dislike to use them in their design because of uncertainty regarding the stress distribution and deformation behavior at their connections. Therefore, this thesis dealt with X-type connections, the most common forms of connection, and studied their load-deformation relationship. It observed how to show the load-deformation relationship at steel circular tube connections according to the diameter-thickness ratio (D/T) of the chord and diameter of branch-diameter of chord ratio (d/D) and suggested prediction yield load using by ring analysis method.

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Effect of Sowing Amounts and Treatments on Agronomic Characteristics and Yield in Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briquet in Southern Part of Korea (남부지방세서 파종량과 파종방법이 수량성에 미치는 영향)

  • 권병선;김상곤;박희진
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2000.10b
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    • pp.46-52
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    • 2000
  • Performance of direct seeded upland field Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briquet in Southern areas of Korea was evaluated at different seeding methods (drilling and broadcasting) and seeding rates (1.5, 2.0, 3.0 and 3.5$\ell$/10a). There were no differences in the yield components such as length of stem and ear diameter of stem number of branch, internode and ear, and yield of fresh and dry stem between the seeding methods with drilling and broadcasting, but yield components such as length of stem and ear, diameter of stem, number of brench, internode and ear, and yield of fresh and dry stem increased with seeding rates of from 2.5$\ell$/10a to 3.5$\ell$/10a. Therefore optimum rates and methods of sowing were from 2.5$\ell$/10a to 3.5$\ell$/10a with seeding at the drilling and broadcasting.

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A Study on Woman's Experience of Being Bereaved of Her Husband by an Accident (사고로 남편을 잃은 여성의 경험)

  • Park, Sung-Hark;Choi, Mi-Hye;Chung, Yeon-Kang
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.294-312
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    • 1996
  • Relatively young widows, who are left with young children by a sudden death of their husbands, will be faced with not only psychological troubles such as individual anxiety and frustration but also the dual burden of playing both father and mother roles in a family, Also, family members have difficulty in adapting themselves to new circumstances of the family system, the training and raising of family members, and management of the family economy. In this study, the realistic resources on the experience of middle-aged women who are bereaved of their husbands by accidents were explored. The purpose of this study is to help widows adapt to life in society and live a more positive life by setting a new goals and recovering from a lost and twisted life. 11 women, who have experienced the loss their husbands and live in the Seoul metropolitan area were studied. The research took 116 days from December 15, 1995 to April 8, 1996. The method of research was direct interviews. While having interviews with them, the contents were recorded with their consent. The ground theory was that used by Strauss & Corbin(1990) in the analysis of the data. 81 concepts were analyzed and they were subdirided into 22 subordinate categories through the course of the analysis. These were then classified into 9 general categories. In the course of being categorized, 'absurdity' was showed as a core category. The subordinate categories 'surprise', 'gloom', 'grudge', 'helplessness', 'emptiness', and 'loss' were united in the core category 'absurdity'. Ominous presentiment, belated notice, death, surprise, gloom, grudge, helplessness, emptiness, loss, the situation of the children, lack of support from neighbors, support from neighbors, mulling over ways to live, choosing a job, strengthening, reinforcement, burden, sadness, smoldering, yearning, overcoming these 22 subordinate categories were re-composed into 9 general ones the husband's death, absurdity, presence of children, existence of support, self-support ability, preparation of countermeasures, self-reinforcement, toilsomeness, and overcoming. 'Absurdity' widows experience was shown in the results of 'toilsomeness' and 'overcoming' through reaction, confrontation, and adaptation. According to the analysis the central phenomenon was absurdity, the causal condition of the death of a husband, the presence of children and the existence of support, and the meditated situation of self-support. To solve absurdity, the preparation of countermeasures and self-reinforcements were shown resulting in toilsomeness and overcoming. Through the contrast in the data, the following statements were deduced: (1) If the death of the husband is expected, the more a widow will feel absurdity. (2) The more children she has and the younger she is, the more a widow will feel absurdity. (3) The lower support she is given, the more a widow will feel absurdity. (4) The larger self-ability she has, the more actively she will prepare countermeasures. (5) The smaller self-ability she has, the more passively she will prepare countermeasures. (6) The larger self-ability she has, the weaker self-reinforcement she will preform. (7) The smaller self-ability she has, the stronger self-reinforcement she will perform. (8) The more actively she prepares countermeasures for absurdity, the better she will overcome. (9) The more passively she prepares counter measure for absurdity, the worse she will overcome. (10) The stronger self-reinforcement for absurdity she performs, the better she will overcome. (11) The weaker self-reinforcement for absurdity she performs, the worse she will overcome. Through the results in this study, the following suggested: 1) A study whose object is all family members, and a comparative study on the case of a husband who has lost his wife should be done. These studies can be expected to develop a more refined theory. 2) Because of the collapse of the extended family system and the changes of family culture in Korea, a widow's status and position are apt to be ambiguous between her husband's home and her parent's. Therefore a new study on family culture should be made. 3) A continuous study on growing social Self Help Groups should be requested for the widows of this study to re-establish and recover from their twisted and scattered lives.

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