• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.539-542
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• 1993

Anticarcinogenic Effect of garlic juice on hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis induced by 9, 10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene were studied by investigating hamster body weight gain, the skin color of and distribution of capillary blood vessels in their buccal pouches. Amount of garlic juice applied were 1% and 3% in two groups of hamsters. Results show that hamsters fed with higher doses of garlic juice gained less weight. Hamsters fed with garlic juice possessed a pale pink color buccal pouch, and a red color pouch was observed in hamsters which were not fed with garlic juice. Also, capillary vessels in hamster buccal pouches were less distinguishable in garlic juice fed hamsters compared with those in hamsters with no garlic in their diet.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5701-5708
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• 2012

The aim of the study was to investigate the chemopreventive potential of andrographolide in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Oral tumors developed in the buccal pouch of golden Syrian hamsters at a 100% incidence on painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. Marked abnormalities in the status of detoxification enzymes, lipid perxodiation and antioxidants were noticed in hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Oral administration of andrographolide at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw to hamsters treated with DMBA not only completely prevented the tumor formation but also restored the status of the above mentioned biomarkers. The present study thus demonstrates the chemopreventive potential of andrographolide in DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis, which is probably due to its antioxidant potential as well as modulating effect on xenobiotic metabolising enzymes during DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.5273-5279
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• 2012

The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemopreventive effect of coumarin against 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis by monitoring tumor incidence and histopathological changes as well as by analyzing the status of biochemical markers (lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes). Oral squamous cell carcinomas were induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. We noted 100% tumor formation with marked abnormalities in the biomarkers status in hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Oral administration of coumarin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (bw) to DMBA treated hamsters completely prevented the tumor formation as well as restored the staus of biochemical variables. The results of the present study thus suggest that the chemopreventive effect of coumarin is probably due to its anti-lipid peroxidative potential and modulating effect on carcinogen detoxification agents in favor of the excretion of ultimate carcinogenic metabolites of DMBA during DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.44-47
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• 1994

Anticarcinogenic effects of garlic juice were studied in hamsters exposed to 9,10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzan-thracene in their buccal pouches. The distribution of nodule quantity and size was recorded among different groups of hamster. The results show that nodule formation was suppressed in hamsters which were fed with garlic juice compared to hamsters which were not. The average nodule volume was 81.10㎣ for hamsters fed with 3% garlic juice and 181.26㎣ for hamsters without garlic in their diet after 90 days of treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.398-404
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• 1993

In order to examine the anticarcinogenic effects of garlic juice on the hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis induced by 9, 10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene (DMBA) totally 135 hamster.0.5% DMBA in mineral oil were painted onto the hamster buccal pouch three times a week on 50th, 70th and 90th day, while normal saline, 1% and 3% garlic juice were forced to oral tube feeding. Tumor cell induction could be seen on 50th experimental day, presumed to early carcinogenic inductive stage. And the tumor cells proliferated rapidly thereafter, so 70th and 90th experimental day were chosen for the comparison of anticarcinogenic effect of garlic juice. The every specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for routine histopathological observation and also fixed in Carnoy's solution for the BrdU immunohistochemital detection of S-stage tumor cell distribution during the carcinogenesis. There showed more or less increased anticarcinogenic effect of garlic juice against DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinoma, increased comparing to the control group showing invasive tumor growth after all histopathologically, BrdU immunoreactivity on normal pouch mucosa epithelium, representing the mitotic status, more decreased in the garlic juice feeding group than the control group. Meanwhile the neoplastic epithelium of all experimental groups showed much increased BrdU immunostaining irregularly.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.6001-6005
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• 2013

Our aim was to explore anti-cell proliferative and anti-angiogenic potential of andrographolide by analyzing the expression pattern of cell proliferative (PCNA, Cyclin D1) and angiogenic (VEGF) markers during 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. DMBA painting three times a week for 14 weeks in the buccal pouch of golden Syrian hamsters resulted in oral tumors which were histopathologically diagnosed as well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical (PCNA, VEGF) and RT-PCR (Cyclin D1) studies revealed over expression of PCNA, VEGF and Cyclin D1 in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Oral administration of andrographolide at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw to hamsters treated with DMBA not only suppressed the histological abnormalities but also down regulated the expression of PCNA, VEGF and Cyclin D1. The results of the present study suggest that andrographolide suppressed tumor formation in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA through its anti-cell proliferative and anti-angiogenic potential.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.215-226
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the low level irradiation on the mitotic index of the basal cells in the buccal pouch of hamsters{golden hamster: APG strain). After colchicine was administrated to the hamsters through the intraperitoneal, the low level radiation{5460mR) was exposed on the buccal pouch of hamsters. The mitotic index of the basal cells was estimated 2 hours after irradiation. The results were as follows: 1. The mean mitotic index of the control group was 4.32. 2. The mean mitotic index of the irradiated group was 2.46. 3. T-test of data in the irradiated group showed significant difference from the mitotic index in the control group. These results suggested the lowered mitotic index of the irradiated group resulted from the low level irradiation.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.405-411
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the optimum conditions for oral mucosal irritation testing using the buccal pouch of hamsters. Methods: Test materials were applied to the buccal pouch of seven-week old male Syrian hamsters (SLC, Japan) four times at one-hour intervals and macroscopic changes were examined at 24 hours after final treatment. After sacrifice, the buccal pouches were removed and prepared for histopathological evaluation. In order to set the exposure time, we performed exposure tests of 5, 12, 18 and 23 minutes using sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 1% and set the treatment volume from the test results at 2, 3, or 4 ml treatment using SLS 1%, Triton X-100 1% and ethanol. After setting the experimental conditions, seven groups of materials [sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) (1%), Triton X-100 (1%), hydrogen peroxide (3%), ethanol (100%), chlorhexidine (0.2%, 2%), phosphate buffer saline (PBS)] were assessed. Results: Experimental conditions of material exposure time were fixed as 18 minutes from the exposure tests of 5, 12, 18 or 23 min using sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 1%. Treated volume was set as 4 ml per each pouch from the test results of 2, 3, or 4 ml treatments using SLS 1%, Triton X-100 1% and ethanol. The results in terms of irritation degree were in the order of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) (1%) > Triton X-100 (1%) ${\fallingdotseq}$ hydrogen peroxide (3%) > ethanol (100%) ${\fallingdotseq}$ chlorhexidine (0.2%, 2%) > phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Conclusion: From this study, suitable conditions for hamster mucosal irritation testing were suggested and this method was verified through materials commonly used on oral mucosal membranes.

• BMB Reports
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.664-669
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• 2010

The present study aimed to investigate the membrane stabilizing effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) on cell surface glycoconjugates and cytokeratin expression against DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. 0.5% DMBA painting (three times per week) in hamster buccal pouches for 14 weeks resulted in the formation of well developed oral squamous cell carcinoma. We observed 100% tumor formation with marked abnormalities of glycoconjugates status in tumor bearing hamsters as compared to control animals. Oral administration of TQ at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight, to DMBA painted hamsters on alternate days for 14 weeks, reduced the tumor formation as well as protected the levels of cell surface glycoconjugates in DMBA painted hamsters. The present study thus suggests that TQ has potent chemopreventive efficacy as well as protected the abnormalities on cell surface glycoconjugates during DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.951-957
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• 2013

Our aim was to investigate the chemopreventive potential of saffron in DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Assessment was by monitoring the percentage of tumor bearing hamsters, tumor size as well as the status of detoxification agents, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants. Oral squamous cell carcinomas were induced in the buccal pouch of Syrian golden hamsters by painting them with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. We observed 100% oral tumor formation with severe histopathological abnormalities in all the hamsters treated with DMBA alone, activities of phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants being significantly altered. Though oral administration of saffron completely prevented the formation of tumors, we noticed severe hyperplasia and dysplasia in hamsters treated with DMBA, suggesting that tumors might eventually develop. Oral administration of saffron return detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants to normal ranges. The chemopreventive potential of saffron thus is likely due to antioxidant properties and modulating effects on detoxification in favour of the excretion of carcinogenic metabolites during DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.