• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2016

UV exposure induces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes expression. We studied the protective effect of Rubus occidentalis seed against UVB-generated skin photoaging using human fibroblast cells (CCD-986sk). We used an ELISA kit to measure the supernatents of procollagen type I and MMP-1 in CCD-986sk cells after they were exposed to UVB irradiation. The CCD-986sk cells that were used with RC-E/E after the UVB irradiation caused higher levels of type I procollagen and lesser levels of MMP-1 compared with the control group. Furthermore, the RC-E/E treated group showed lesser MMP-1 levels and higher procollagen type I levels than the untreated counterpart. Therefore, it can be concluded that Rubus occidentalis seed can prevent from skin photoaging.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

The natural plants were screened for new cosmetic materials. Many parts of Nelumbo nucifera has been investigated for anti-wrinkling and anti-furrowing effects. The leaves. flowers and stamens of Nelumbo nucifera were extracted with ethanol or distilled water. The effects of cell viability and $H_2O_2-induced$ cytotoxicity were studied on CCD-986sk human fibroblast cell line by MTT assay. We measured various effects related to skin such as the synthesis of MMP-1 and type I procollagen. The ethanol extract of Nelumbo nucifera leaves (ENL) at concentrations of 30 ${\mu}g/ml$ showed maximum cell viability on CCD-986sk cells by 129.70%. and $H_2O_2-induced$ cytotoxicity was blocked by ENL (5. 10. 20. 30. and 40 ${\mu}g/ml$) concentration-dependently. The synthesis of MMP-1 and type I procollagen were positive in ENL. These results suggest that ENL has anti-oxidant and anti-furrowing effects.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Cuscuta chinensis Lamark ethanol extract (CL) on wrinkle improvement. Cuscuta chinensis Lamark is known to contain dried saccharide, alkaloids, flavonoids, lignans and rein glycoside as major components of dried mature seeds of Cuscuta japonica Choisy. In this study, we evaluated the anti-wrinkle effects of CL and investigated bio-markers (e.g ; MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, type I procollagen) associated with skin wrinkle improvement. We tested the anti-wrinkle effect of CL using human fibroblast called CCD-986Sk cell. We observed an increase in MMPs, TIMP-1, and type 1 pro-collagen CL in CCD-986Sk cells irradiated with UVB at an intensity of $2mJ/cm^2$ for 60 seconds. As a result, CL decreased UVB-induced MMPs levels and mRNA expressions in CCD-986Sk cell. The levels and mRNA expressions of type I procollagen and TIMP-1 were increased by CL. These results suggest that CL has activities on improvement of skin wrinkle, which is induced by UVB radiation. Taken together, this study proposed the possibility of developing herbal medicine and functional herbal cosmetic materials with wrinkle-improving effects of Cuscuta chinensis Lamark.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2006

Allergic inflammation is thought to be a Th2 cell-dominant immune response during which tissue-resident fibroblasts produce chemokines which contribute to the recruitment of migratory leukocytes to sites of tissue injury. Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC; CCL17) is a potent member of the CC chemokine family and a selective chemoattractant for Th2 cells. In order to study the regulatory profiles of TARC production by $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, and Il-4 in human normal skin fibroblast, CCD-986sk cell line was used. The expression of TARC protein was measured using ELISA, and mRNA level was detected by RT-PCR. The combination of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-4 induced a time-and dose-dependent synergistic increase in the expression of TARC at both protein and mRNA levels in the cultured human skin fibroblasts. Exposure of the cells to single cytokine had no effect on TARC expression. The high concentration (100 ng/ml) and long incubation time (72 h) of $IFN-{\gamma}$ further enhanced the TARC production induced by $TNF-{\alpha}$/lL-4 in the skin fibroblast. This synergistic effect of Th1 and Th2 type cytokines on TARC production by skin fibroblasts may contribute to the inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage with allergic inflammation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.998-1005
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• 1997

Kimchi showed protective effect from oxidative damage generated by hydrogen peroxide and paraquat. To investigate the major components of kimchi which reduce the cytotoxicity against reactive oxygen species, keratinocyte(A431, epidermoid carcinoma, human) and fibroblast(CCD-986SK, normal control, human) were cultured under oxidative stress condition provoked by paraquat, a superoxide anion generator, and hydrogen peroxide in the absence or presence of kimchi ingredients. Most keratinocyte and fibroblast cells were killed by hydrogen peroxide and paraquat over 1mM concentration, but kimchi ingredients showed protective effects from oxidative damage generated by hydrogen peroxide and onion, among those, garlic showed the most remarkable preventive effect. Most of kimchi ingredients showed protective effect against paraquat, especially leek notably increased cell survival. For fibroblast cells, ginger had the preventive effect against paraquat, especially leek notably increased cell survival. For fibroblast cells, ginger had the preventive effect from cell killing by high dose of hydrogen peroxide, but most ingredients were not effective against paraquat.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2019

Ovarian cancer is the fifth main cause of pre-senescent death in women. Although chemotherapy is generally an efficient treatment, its side effects and the occurrence of chemotherapeutic resistance have prompted the need for alternative treatments. In this study, ${\alpha}$-mangostin and apigenin were evaluated as possible anticancer alternatives to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin, used herein as a positive control. The ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line SKOV-3 (ATCC No. HTB77) was used as model ovarian cancer cells, whereas the skin fibroblast line CCD-986Sk (ATCC No. CRL-1947) and lung fibroblast line WI-38 (ATCC No. CCL-75) were used as model untransformed cells. Apigenin and doxorubicin inhibited the growth of SKOV-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After 72 hr exposure, doxorubicin was mostly toxic to SKOV-3 cells, whereas apigenin was toxic to SKOV-3 cells but not CCD-986Sk and WI-38 cells. ${\alpha}$-Mangostin was more toxic to SKOV-3 cells than to CCD-986Sk cells. A lower cell density, cell shrinkage, and more unattached (floating round) cells were observed in all treated SKOV-3 cells, but the greatest effects were observed with ${\alpha}$-mangostin. With regard to programmed cell death, apigenin caused early apoptosis within 24 hr, whereas ${\alpha}$-mangostin and doxorubicin caused late apoptosis and necrosis after 72 hr of exposure. Caspase-3 activity was significantly increased in ${\alpha}$-mangostin-treated SKOV-3 cells after 12 hr of exposure, whereas only caspase-9 activity was significantly increased in apigenin-treated SKOV-3 cells at 24 hr. Both ${\alpha}$-mangostin and apigenin arrested the cell cycle at the $G_2/M$ phase, but after 24 and 48 hr, respectively. Significant upregulation of BCL2 (apoptosis-associated gene) and COX2 (inflammation-associated gene) transcripts was observed in apigenin- and ${\alpha}$-mangostin-treated SKOV-3 cells, respectively. ${\alpha}$-Mangostin and apigenin are therefore alternative options for SKOV-3 cell inhibition, with apigenin causing rapid early apoptosis related to the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and ${\alpha}$-mangostin likely being involved with inflammation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2010

Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known as a growth factor of endothelium and fibroblast. The purpose is to know the VEGF effects on fibroblast proliferation and fibroblast's notch receptor expression. Methods: CCD-986sk fibroblast was purchased from the Korean Cell Bank and was used in XTT assay for proliferation and wound healing assay for migration. Immunofluorescent (IF) staining and western blotting were used in testing notch expression of fibroblast. Semiquantitative RT-PCR was used in checking notch 1 mRNA production by fibroblast. Student-t test was used for analyzing results. Results: Cell proliferation assay using XTT showed significant higher proliferation in VEGF treated fibroblast, $2.324{\pm}0.0026$ vs. $2.463{\pm}0.017$ (p=0.002). Wound healing assay showed longer migration in VEGF treated fibroblast (p=0.062). The fluorescence was brighter in VEGF treated cells of notch 1 IF staining. Notch 1 expressions and mRNA productions increased more in VEGF treated cells. Conclusion: VEGF stimulates fibroblast to proliferate, migrate and to express Notch 1 simultaneously. Notch receptor could be related to VEGF mediated wound healing.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2013

본 연구는 레시틴으로 나노입자화 시킨 티아민 디라우릴 설페이트의 향장활성 증진에 관한 것이다. TDS를 포집시킨 나노입자는 150 ~ 200 nm의 크기를 나타내는 구형이며, 또한 제타포텐셜을 측정하여 여러 pH 범위에서 안정한 것을 확인하였다. TDS 나노입자는 인간 섬유아세포(CCD-986sk)에 높은 농도를 처리하여도 85%의 세포생존률을 보였다. 자유라디칼소거활성 실험을 진행한 결과 나노입자화하지 않은 TDS 희석액(1.0 mg/mL)은 81.6%의 활성을 나타내었고, 나노입자화한 TDS 용액은 이보다 더 높은 88.1%의 높은 라디칼 소거활성을 보였다. TDS 나노입자는 자외선을 조사시킨 CCD-986sk에서 MMP-1의 발현을 41.4% 감소시켰다. TDS 용액과 TDS 나노입자를 가지고 salmonella typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes에 대하여 항균활성을 측정하였다. TDS 나노입자의 경우 양성대조군의 항균활성과 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들로 TDS 나노입자가 항산화, 미백, 주름개선 효능같은 향장 소재로서의 적용이 가능할 것이라 생각된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 한국에서 육종한 신육성품종 그린볼 사과 껍질 추출물(GBE)이 피부 광노화 인자조절에 대한 억제효과를 확인하였다. 피부에서 광노화 인자 조절에 대한 억제 효과를 확인하기 위해 CCD986sk fibrobalst cell에 UVB로 광노화를 유도시킨 후 세포에 GBE를 처리하였다. 광노화 인자 조절 효과를 측정한 결과 GBE가 COL1A2, MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1 단백질 발현량에서 UVB에 의해 자극된 MMP-1, MMP-9 단백질 합성을 억제하였으며, COL1A2, TIMP-1 단백질의 경우 발현량이 유의적으로 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. Photoaging-related factors인 COL1A2, MMP-1, MMP-9, HAS2, TGF-β, TIMP-1의 mRNA 발현량을 측정한 결과 GBE에 의해 MMP-1, MMP-9 단백질 발현을 효과적으로 억제하였으며, MMPs와 type procollagen 발현에 관여하는 조절인자인 TIMP-1과 TGF-β의 발현량이 증가함에 따라 COL1A2의 생성량이 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 피부를 구성하는 구조 단백질 중 하나인 hyaluronic acid 생성에 관여하는 HAS2의 발현량 증가도 확인하였다. 따라서 GBE는 광노화의 인자 억제 조절에 대한 우수한 효능을 가졌으며, 피부 노화를 예방하는 기능성 소재로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3907-3915
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• 2013

꾸지뽕나무는 한국과 중국에서 전통 한방약재로 오랫동안 사용되어 왔다. 본 논문은 꾸지뽕나무의 잎,줄기, 뿌리부분의 에탄올 추출물의 물, 에탄올, 에칠아세테이트 용해성 분획물에 대한 생리활성에 관한 실험결과이다. 이들 분획물들의 다양한 세포들의 성장에 대한 영향을 검토한 결과, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리의 에칠아세테이트 분획물이 macrophage(RAW 264.7 cell), melanoma cell(B16-F10 cell), fibroblast cell(CCD-986sk cell), lung carcinoma cell(A549 cell) 들의 성장을 현저하게 억제시키는 세포독성을 나타내었다. 자유라디칼 DPPH (di(phenyl)- (2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) iminoazanium)를 소거할 수 있는 분획물의 농도를 비교한 결과, 잎과 뿌리의 물분획물 그리고 뿌리의 에탄올분획물이 다른 분획물들에 비해 라디칼을 소거하는 항산화효과가 더 우수한 것으로 나타났다.