• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1232-1236
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• 2013

The Cu cation binding sites of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex have been investigated to explain the $[Cu{\cdot}DNA]$ biological activity caused by the Cu association to DNA. The structure of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The fragmentation patterns of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex were analyzed by MS/MS spectra. In the MS/MS spectra of $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex, three fragment ions were observed with the loss of d(CpG), {d(CpG) + Cyt}, and {d(CpG) + Cyt + dR}. The Cu cation binds to d(CpG) mainly by substituting the $H^+$ of phosphate group. Simultaneously, the Cu cation prefers to bind to a guanine base rather than a cytosine base. Five possible geometries were considered in the attempt to optimize the $[Cu(I){\cdot}d(CpG){\cdot}d(CpG)-2H]^{-1}$ complex structure. The ab initio calculations were performed at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.639-644
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• 1997

Novel carbonylruthenium (Ⅲ) complex Cp*Ru(CO)Cl2(2, Cp*=η5-C5Me5) was synthesized by the reaction of [Cp*RuCl2]2(1) with CO in toluene. The effective magnetic moment (Veff=1.81 B.M.) derived from the magnetic susceptibility measurement of the complex (2) was consistent with the presence of one "single" unpaired electron. Dibromocarbonylruthenium (Ⅲ) complex Cp*Ru(CO)Br2(3) was obtained by the reaction of complex (2) with KBr in toluene. Complex (2) was easily reduced by the reaction with phosphine in toluene to give the corresponding Ru (Ⅱ) complex Cp*Ru(CO)(PR3)Cl (4a∼4e, PR3=PMe3, PEt3, PMePh2, PPh3, PCy3).

• Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.30-30
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• 2002

Heating [Cp＊Rh(η²-NO₃)(OTf) (1) and PhC≡CPh in EtOH for 3 h gave a η⁴-cyclobutadienerhodium complex, [Cp＊Rh(η⁴-C₄Ph₄)] (2). Complex 1 reacted with HC=CPh in acetone at room temperature for 3 h to give a (η⁴-cyclobutadiene)-rhodium complex, [Cp＊Rh(η⁴-C₄HPhC=CPh)] (3). Whereas, the reactions of 1 with HC=CCH₂Cl in acetone at room temperature for 3 h gave the triply halide-bridged dinuclear rhodium complex, [Cp＊Rh(μ₂-Cl)₃RhCp＊](OTf) (4). Complexes 2-4 have been structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 1989

In order to determine the relationships between the lea(-burning disease and the light harvesting chlorophyll-protein (LHCP) complex in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, we investigated the chlorophyll-protein (CP) complex of the thylakoid membrane and its characteristics. In P. ginseng four Cp-complex bands determined by non-denaturing SDS-PAGE were identified CP I'(containing reaction center of photosystem I and LHCP I antennae), CP I (reaction center of photosystem I) LHCP II** (oligoform of LHCP II), and LHCP II (photosystem II antennae, CP 26 and CP 29) by Bassis and Dunahay's procedures. Under our experimental condition, the CP I band was only observed in P. ginseng and the band intensity of LHCP II** in P ginseng was higher than in spinach and soybean. There were differences in the absorption and fluorescence spectra and chlorophyll a/b ratio of the CP-complex bands between P. ginseng and other Plants. The Polypeptidr content of P. ginseng thylakoid was lower than in spinach and soybean thylakoid, and the Polypeptide profiles of P. ginseng was low band intensity, especially about 29-35 kD, 55 kD, and 60 kD, compared to spinach and soybean. The inhibitory effects of 2,5-dimethylfuran, specific singlet oxygen ($^1O_2$) quencher, showed that singlet oxygen destroyed 60% of chl.a, 90% of chl.b and 70% of carotenoid in bleaching P. ginseng with leaf-burning disease.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.91-99
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• 1983

The formation of chlorophyll-protein complexes (CP-complexes) during the greening of rape cotyledons (Brassica napus cv. Yongdang) was investigated by the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The total chlorophyll content and Chl a/b ratio were also determined. In addition, the effects of dark treatment on the CP-complex patterns during greening have been examined with respect to their photosynthetic electron transport activity. Greening has brought about the increasein total chlorophyll content and the decrease in Chl a/b ratio, but there have been no changes in Chl a/b ratio after 24 hrs of greening. The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex (LHCP-complex0 was predominant during the initial greening period. Thereafter, the amout of chlorophyll a-protein complex (CP I-complex) was gradually increased. Twenty-four-hr dark treatment immediately after illumination for 6 hrs and 12 hrs resulted in the increase of the Chl a/b ration and the CP I complex, otherwise the decrease of the LHCP-complex. The LHCP/CP I ratio was gradually decreased with further greening, and appeared no change after 48 hrs illumination. The investigation of the photosynthetic electron transport activity indicated that photosystem (PS) II activity (H2Olongrightarrowp-PD*＋FeCy**) did not change, but the activity of PS I was increased suddenly due to the dark treatment. The data suggests that the increase of CP I-complex may result in that of P-700, that is, the increase of PS I activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.402-405
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• 1997

Olefinic and cyclopropyl group substituted arenes (C6H5Y) react with [Cp*Ir(CH3COCH3)3]A2 (A=ClO4-, OTf-) to give η6-arene complexes, [Cp*Ir(η6-C6H5Y)]2+ (1a: Y=-CH=CH2 (a),-CH=CHCH3 (b),-C(CH3)=CH2 (c),-CH-CH2-CH2 (d)). Complex 1b-1d are readily converted into η3-allyl complexes, [Cp*(CH3CN)Ir(η3-CH(C6H5)CHCH2)]+ (2a) and [Cp*(CH3CN)Ir(η3-CH2(C6H5)CH2)]+ (2b), in the presence of Na2CO3 in CH3CN. The η6-styrene complex, 1a reacts with NaBH4 to give η5-cyclohexadienyl complex, [Cp*Ir(η5-C6H6-CH=CH2)]+ (3), while with H2 it gives η6-ethylbenzene complex [Cp*Ir(η6-C6H5CH2CH3)]2+ (4). Complex 1a and 1c react with HCl to give [Cp*Ir(η6-C6H5CH2CH2Cl)]2+ (5a) and [Cp*Ir(η6-C6H5CH(CH3)CH2Cl]2+ (5b), respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.275-280
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• 1995

The formation of thylakoid membrane proteins and changes in the chloroplast ultrastructure of ginseng leaf were investigated as a function of time following the leaf emergence. The leaf chloroplast obtained just after the leaf emergence showed short rod-like thylakoids which were connected and arranged in 3~4 layers along the longitudinal axis of the chloroplast. The 10 DAE (days after emergence) chloroplast started to form grana structure. The typical grana structure was observed 17 DAE, and the grana was fully developed 28 DAE. The membrane proteins obtained from just after emerging leaf were separated into many minor bands indicating no CP-complex formation yet. LHC II was detected after 10 days. CP 47 and CP 43 were detected after 17 days. After 28 days, the PS I and PS II proteins were distinctly separated into CP 1, LHC II, CP 47, CP 43, CP 29, CP 27+24. Thus, the appearance of the light harvesting protein, LHC II, which was concentrated in grana stacks, was consis tent in time with the formation of grana stacks 17 DAE. Key words Chloroplast ultrastructure, grana, CP-complex, LHC II.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.313-325
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• 1998

Government-Supported Research Institutes(GSRI) have done complex product(CP) development with national needs. The products to be developed have very limited demand. The most important things at CP development are technology innovation through knowledge creation and acquisition. Then, this paper suggests the technology innovation system for CP development. In CP development like satellite, government must do strategic management at national level and technology management at program level. Two managements are tools to achieve the strategic goals. The key points in CP are integration and interface among subsystems and person. From these factors and innovation system, R&D planning and practice are based on sharing and creation of knowledge. CP development projects ought to overlap and parallel for sustainable acquisition and creation of knowledge.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 1992

Let (M, g, J) be a closed Kahler manifold of complex dimension m > 1. We denote by Spec(M,g) the spectrum of the real Laplace-Beltrami operator. DELTA. acting on functions on M. The following characterization problem on the spectral rigidity of the complex projective space (CP$^{m}$ , g$_{0}$ , J$_{0}$ ) with the standard complex structure J$_{0}$ and the Fubini-Study metric g$_{0}$ has been attacked by many mathematicians : if (M,g,J) and (CP$^{m}$ ,g$_{0}$ ,J$_{0}$ ) are isospectral then is it true that (M,g,J) is holomorphically isometric to (CP$^{m}$ ,g$_{0}$ ,J$_{0}$ )\ulcorner In [BGM], [LB], it is proved that if (M,J) is (CP$^{m}$ , J$_{0}$ ) then the answer to the problem is affirmative. Tanno ([Ta]) has proved that the answer is affirmative if m .leq. 6. Recently, Wu([Wu]) has showed in a more general sense that if (M, g) and (CP$^{m}$ ,g$_{0}$ ) are (-4/m)-isospectral, m .geq. 4, and if the second betti number b$_{2}$(M) is equal to b$_{2}$(CP$^{m}$ ).

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.167-172
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• 2005

Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a copper protein with important functions in iron homeostasis and in inflammation. Cp mRNA expression is induced by interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$ in U937 monocytic cells, but synthesis of Cp protein is halted after about 12 h by transcript-specific translational silencing. The silencing mechanism requires binding of a 4-component cytosolic inhibitor complex, IFN-gamma-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT), to a defined structural element (GAIT element) in the Cp 3'-UTR. Translational silencing of Cp mRNA requires the essential proteins of mRNA circularization, suggesting that the translational inhibition requires end-to-end mRNA closure. These studies describe a new mechanism of translational control, and may shed light on the role that macrophage-derived Cp plays at the intersection of iron homeostasis and inflammation.