• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.819-824
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• 2016

The accelerated thermal aging of CSPE (chlorosulfonated polyethylene) was carried out for 33.64 and 67.27 days at 110[$^{\circ}C$], equivalent to 40 and 80 years of aging at 50[$^{\circ}C$], respectively. These samples were referred to as CSPE-0y, CSPE-40y and CSPE-80y, respectively. As the accelerated thermally aged years of the CSPE increase, the insulation resistance[$\Omega$] at 20[Hz], 500[Hz], and 2[KHz], and the percent elongation [%EL] of the CSPE decrease. However, the dissipation factor($tan{\delta}$) at 20[Hz], 500[Hz], and 2[KHz], the apparent density[$g/cm^3$], the glass transition temperature and the melting temperature of the CSPE were increased. The period of time that the voltage has to be applied until electric breakdown of the CSPE-0y is longer than that of the CSPE-40y, and the CSPE-80y, but the dielectric strength of the CSPE-80y is lower than that of the CSPE-0y and the CSPE-40y. The differential temperatures after the AC and DC voltages are applied to CSPE-0y, CSPE-40y and CSPE-80y are 0.026~0.028[$^{\circ}C$], 0.030~0.042[$^{\circ}C$], 0.018~0.045[$^{\circ}C$], respectively. The variations of temperature for the AC voltage are higher than those for the DC voltage when an AC voltage is applied to CSPE-0y, CSPE-40y and CSPE-80y. It is found that the dielectric loss owing to the dissipation factor[$tan{\delta}$] is related to the electric dipole conduction current. It is ascertained that the ionic (electron or hole) leakage current is increased by the separation of the branch chain of CSPE polymer from the main chain of the polyethylene as a result of thermal stress due to accelerated thermal aging as well as by conducting ions such as $Na^+$, $Cl^-$, $Mg^{2+}$, $SO_4^{2-}$, $Ca^{2+}$ and $K^+$ after seawater soaking.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권11호
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• pp.2088-2092
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• 2011

The accelerated thermal aging of CSPE(chloro sulfonate polyethylene) of test cables were carried out for the period equal to 10, 20 and 30 years in air at $100^{\circ}C$, respectively. The CSPE cables(TAIHAN electric wire Co. Ltd) which installed in nuclear power plant for three years were used as starting materials. Condition monitering methods of the accelerated thermal aging of CSPE cables were estimated through indenter modulus and OIT(oxidation induction time) of IEC 62582, and those were newly estimated through volume electrical resistivity, ultrasound reflection time, density, FE-SEM(field emission scanning electron microscopy), XPS(x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), EDS(energy dispersive spectroscopy), and WD-XRF(wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence). A new condition monitoring methods of the accelerated thermal aging of CSPE cables were generally coincident with trend of indenter modulus expect EDS, XPS and XRF. A volume electrical resistivity among new condition monitoring methods of the accelerated thermal aging of CSPE cables is excellent. It is considered that life-time of CSPE cable can be predicted through volume electrical resistivity, if CSPE jacket was aged for period such as more than 20 years.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.800-805
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• 2017

The accelerated thermal ageing of CSPE (chlorosulfonated polyethylene) was carried out for 16.82, 50.45, and 84.09 days at $110^{\circ}C$, equivalent to 20, 60, and 100 years of ageing at $50^{\circ}C$ in nuclear power plants, respectively. As the accelerated thermally aged years increase, the insulation resistance and resistivity of the CSPE decrease, and the capacitance, relative permittivity and dissipation factor of those increase at the measured frequency, respectively. As the accelerated thermally aged years and the measured frequency increase, the phase degree of response voltage vs excitation voltage of the CSPE increase but the phase degree of response current vs excitation voltage decrease, respectively. As the accelerated thermally aged years increase, the apparent density, glass transition temperature and the melting temperature of the CSPE increase but the percent elongation and % crystallinity decrease, respectively. The differential temperatures of those are $0.013-0.037^{\circ}C$ and, $0.034-0.061^{\circ}C$ after the AC and DC voltages are applied to CSPE-0y and CSPE-20y, respectively; the differential temperatures of those are $0.011-0.038^{\circ}C$ and $0.002-0.028^{\circ}C$ after the AC and DC voltages are applied to CSPE-60y and CSPE-100y, respectively. The variations in temperature for the AC voltage are higher than those for the DC voltage when an AC voltage is applied to CSPE. It is found that the dielectric loss owing to the dissipation factor($tan{\delta}$) is related to the electric dipole conduction current. It is ascertained that the ionic (electron or hole) leakage current is increased by the partial separation of the branch chain of CSPE polymer as a result of thermal stress due to accelerated thermal ageing.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1162-1168
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• 2015

Accelerated thermal aging of chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) was performed for 0 days, 80.82 days, and 161.63 days at 100℃, which is equivalent to 0 y, 40 y, and 80 y of aging, respectively, at 50℃. After freshwater flooding, the volume electrical resistivity of CSPE was highest after 180 days of drying, and its insulating property recovered when dried for more than 300 days. The dielectric constant of the CSPE was not measured after seawater flooding. The dielectric constant of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE was higher after freshwater flooding than that before seawater flooding. The bright, open pores of CSPE were converted into dark, closed pores after seawater flooding, and the dark, closed pores of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples were partly converted into bright, open pores after freshwater flooding. The apparent density of CSPE increased slightly whereas its elongation at break (EAB) decreased until 80 y of accelerated thermal aging before seawater flooding. The peak binding energies of oxygen in the non-accelerated and accelerated thermally aged CSPE for 40 y and 80 y were shifted by more than 1.0 eV after seawater and freshwater flooding. The CH2 content in the non-accelerated and accelerated thermally aged CSPE for 40 y and 80 y after seawater flooding for 5 days was lower than that before seawater flooding whereas atoms such as Cl, O, Pb, Al, Si, Sb, and S that are related to conducting ions such as Na⁺, Cl^-, Mg²⁺, SO4 ^2-, and K⁺ were relatively increased.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1447-1448
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• 2011

The CSPE cables are used for three years in nuclear power plant. The accelerated thermal aging of chloro sulfonate polyethylene(CSPE) jacket of test cables were carried out for the period equal to 10, 20 and 30 years in air at 90 and $100^{\circ}C$, respectively. The electrical volume resistivity, density, XPS, FE-SEM, EDS and XRF of the accelerated thermal aging of CSPE were measured. The validation of condition monitering method of accelerated thermal aging CSPE was estimated by them. The best validation of condition monitoring method of accelerated aging CSPE is electrical volume resistivity because change thermal of the specimen showed distinction.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1193-1194
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• 2015

The volume electrical resistivity of $3.777{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ of dried CSPE for 660~750 days after seawater & freshwater soaking is lower than $4.011{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ of that before seawater soaking. The peak binding energy of oxygen and sulphur of CSPE after seawater & freshwater soaking are shifted above 1.0ev. The grass transition temperature($T_g$) of $-19.76^{\circ}C$ of seawater & freshwater soaked CSPE are lower than $-19.59^{\circ}C$ of that of non-soaked CSPE. The melting temperatures($T_m$) of seawater & freshwater soaked and non-soaked CSPE are $45.58^{\circ}C$ and $45.59^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1136-1137
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• 2015

The accelerated thermal aging of chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) was performed for 0 days, 80.82 days, and 161.63 days at $100^{\circ}C$, which is equivalent to 0y, 40y, and 80y of aging, respectively, at $50^{\circ}C$. The volume electrical resistivity of dried CSPE for 570~630 days after seawater and freshwater soaking, are $1.109{\times}10^{14}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, $8.546{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ and $8.466{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$. The applied voltage rising time of 11~12 second and dielectric breakdown time of 9~11 second of the accelerated thermal aged CSPE is shorter than those of 12~13 and 11~13 second of the non-accelerated thermal aged CSPE, respectively. It is shown that oxidation, fragment and crack are formated at hole of dielectric breakdown in CSPE. The apparent density of dried CSPE for 750 days are $1.555g/cm^3$, $1.595g/cm^3$ 및 $1.597g/cm^3$ according to accelerated thermal aging year, respectively.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.367-370
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• 2014

The accelerated thermal aging of a CSPE were carried out for 0, 80.82, 161.63 days at $100^{\circ}C$, which are equal to 0, 40 and 80 years, respectively. The volume electrical resistivities of the non-accelerated thermally aged CSPE and the accelerated thermally aged CSPE for 40y and 80y were $9.620{\times}10^{12}{\sim}1.246{\times}10^{13}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, $5.066{\times}10^{12}{\sim}7.576{\times}10^{12}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ and $7.195{\times}10^{12}{\sim}9.208{\times}10^{12}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ at room temperature, respectively. The dielectric constant of the non-accelerated thermally aged CSPE and the accelerated thermally aged CSPE for 40y and 80y were 3.355~4.030, 2.996~3.963 and 3.020~4.776 at room temperature, respectively. After seawater and freshwater flooding, the volume electrical resistivity of the CSPE trend slightly upward according to drying day at room temperature. After seawater flooding, the dielectric constant of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE were not measured. After seawater flooding, bright open pores of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE were partly transferred to dark close pores due to salinity. After freshwater flooding, dark close pores of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE were partly transferred to bright open pores because salinity of them is decreased. An insulation property of a cable in NPPs was decreased because of the seawater flooding, and an insulation property of them was recovered through the freshwater flooding. As a result, it is considered that an insulation property of a contaminated cable through Tsunami can be recovered if it is cleaned quickly.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.643-648
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• 2014

The accelerated thermal aging of CSPE (chlorosulfonated polyethylene) was carried out for 40.41, 121.22, and 202.04 days at $100^{\circ}C$, which are equivalent to 20, 60, and 100years of aging at $50^{\circ}C$, respectively. The volume electrical resistivities of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples for 0, 40.41, 121.22, and 202.04 days were $1.107{\times}10^{14}-2.097{\times}10^{14}$, $7.752{\times}10^{13}-1.556{\times}10^{14}$, $7.693{\times}10^{13}-1.521{\times}10^{14}$, and $7.380{\times}10^{13}-1.304{\times}10^{14}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, respectively, at room temperature. The permittivities of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples for 0, 40.41, 121.22, and 202.04 days were $2.89{\times}10^{-11}-3.65{\times}10^{-11}$, $3.40{\times}10^{-11}-3.70{\times}10^{-11}$, $3.50{\times}10^{-11}-3.82{\times}10^{-11}$, and $3.76{\times}10^{-11}-4.13{\times}10^{-11}$ F/m, respectively, at room temperature. The EAB (elongation at break) of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples for 0, 40.41, 121.22, and 202.04 days were 98.8-101.3, 59.5-60.3, 37.8-39.2, and 41.8-44.3%, respectively, at room temperature. The apparent densities of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples for 0, 40.41, 121.22, and 202.04 days were 1.603-1.614, 1.611-1.613, 1.622-1.628, and $1.618-1.620g/cm^3$, respectively, at room temperature. The measured currents of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE and the standard sample were almost constant after 5 min of applying a 300-V/mm electric field to the CSPE. The V-I slope of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE sample was increased if the applied electric field was increased at room temperature, and the V-I slope of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE was higher than that of standard CSPE.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2015

The accelerated thermal aging of CSPE(Chloro Sulfonate Polyethylene) was carried out for 40.41, 121.22, 202.04 days, 16.82, 50.45, 84.09 days and 7.32, 21.96, 36.59 days at 100, 110, and $120^{\circ}C$, respectively, which are equivalent to 20, 60, 100 years of aging at $50^{\circ}C$. The permittivities and the apparent densities of the accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples are increased with accelerated thermal aging year but EAB(Elongation at Break) is decreased with that. The dielectric strength and the electric breakdown of the non-accelerated and accelerated thermally aged CSPE samples do not depend on accelerated thermal aging year and applied voltage rising time. density and EAB measures.