• Architectural research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

College of Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, US Abstract The intermittent heating and cooling energy need calculation of the ISO 13790 monthly method was examined. The current ISO 13790 method applies a reduction factor to the continuous heating and cooling need calculation result to derive the intermittent heating and cooling for each month. This paper proposes a method for the intermittent energy need calculation based on the internal mean temperature calculation. The internal temperature calculation procedure was introduced considering the heat-balance taking into account of heat gain, heat loss, and thermal inertia for reduced heating and cooling period. Then, the calculated internal mean temperature was used for the intermittent heating and cooling energy need calculation. The calculation results from the proposed method were compared to the current ISO 13790 method and validated with a dynamic simulation using EnergyPlus. The study indicates that the intermittent heating and cooling energy need calculation method using the proposed model improves transparency of the current ISO 13790 method and draws more rational outcomes in the monthly heating and cooling energy need calculation.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.38-48
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• 2004

Recently the use of high-speed equipment in machine-tool industry has greatly increased, which requires the development of prognostics and prediction methods on the design stage. Conversion of the test/experiments stage from real to virtual reality will not only significantly reduce the design and manufacturing cost, but will also increase design quality. This paper shows how it is possible to develop the automated system for the design calculations of the air-bearing spindles. First, the general calculation method is introduced. It contains several steps, namely, geometry identification, pressure calculation, stiffiness calculation, dynamics characteristics calculation. For geometry identification reducing spindle shaft to rings was proposed, which helps to automate the calculation process. For pressure calculation the Peshti method was implemented. For stiffiness calculation the analysis was made, which shown the necessity of correct calculation step selection. Then the system of ordinary differential equations containing influence coefficients was evolved, which is used for trjectories calculation. The graphical representation of the calculation results shows the dynamic behavior of the spindle unit concerning various working conditions. Finally, this automated system is illustrated by an example of the air-bearing spindle calculation.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2020

제품 디자인개발 과정에서 사용성과 포용성을 확보하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이를 위한 제품의 사용성과 포용성 평가방법으로 케임브리지 대학 엔지니어링 디자인 센터의 교수인 Simon Keates와 P. John Clarkson에 의해 Exclusion Calculation이 개발된 바 있다. 그러나 실제 제품의 평가에서 Exclusion Calculation의 효용성에 대한 연구가 부족하다. 이에 본 연구는 Exclusion Calculation을 사용하여 전기다리미을 평가하는 실험을 사례 연구로 진행하여 결과의 유용성, 정확성 및 평가항목의 직관성 3가지 측면에서 장단점을 평가하여 Exclusion Calculation의 효용성을 고찰하였다. 실험 연구에서, 11명의 디자이너가 Exclusion Calculation으로 제품을 평가한 후 Exclusion Calculation중 14개 평가항목의 직관성을 평가했다. 제품 평가 결과에 따라 Exclusion Calculation 평가 결과의 유용성을 판단하고, 표준편차를 이용하여 Exclusion Calculation 평가 결과의 정확성을 분석했다. 본 연구결과 첫째, Exclusion Calculation의 평가결과는 디자이너가 제품의 물리적 특징과 관련된 사용성 문제 및 문제의 보편성을 발견하도록 도울 수 있지만, 제품 사용 논리성 측면의 문제를 발견할 수는 없다. 둘째, Exclusion Calculation 평가 척도 기준이 모호하기 때문에 평가 결과의 정확성이 낮다. 평가항목은 전체적으로 평가 판단의 난이도가 낮지만, 인지능력과 관련된 평가항목은 직관성이 약하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effect of confidence for drug calculation in the relationship between interest in medication and drug calculation competency using learning style. Methods: Participants in this study were 421 nursing students from Busan and Kyungnam province. The scales of learning style, interest in medication, importance of perception, confidence for drug calculation, and drug calculation competency for nursing students were used in this study. Descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression were used for data analysis. Results: Learning styles of the participants were diverger 19.0%, accommodator 30.9%, converger 21.1%, and assimilator 29.0%. The drug dose calculation competency of participants was relatively low with a mean score 66.73. There were significant positive correlations among drug dose calculation competency, interest in medication (r=.31, p<.001), and confidence for drug calculation (r=.44, p<.001). Confidence for drug calculation was a moderator between interests in medication and drug calculation competency. Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, confidence for drug calculation promoting strategy such as medication reconciliation and various learning technology for improving drug calculation competency are needed.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.102-110
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• 1997

현재 조선소에서는 grain stability 계산시에 선박계산 프로그램의 계산 결과치와 실제값 사이의 오차가 크므로 계산 프로그램을 많이 사용하지 않고 있으며, grain stability 계산에 필요한 모든 작업이 수작업을 통해 이루어 지고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 수작업을 통해 이루어지고 있는 grain stability 계산 작업을 전산화하여 계산작업시간의 단축 및 작업효율성을 극대화할 수 있는 대화형 grain stability 계산 프로그램 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 사용자의 편의와 대화식 압력 작업을 위해 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스(GUI:Graphical User Interface)를 구현하였고, 3차원 그래픽 라이브러리인 GLBAX를 사용하여 계산에 필요한 형상(girder, hold 형상등)정보들을 가시화하였다. 또한, 선박계산 프로그램과의 접속이 가능하도록 하였다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.7-9
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• 1978

In this calculation of statical stability of a ship, mechanical integrator was used most popularly and the direct calculation method such as a Barn's wedge method was also adopted in some cases. Both of the above method was developed for manual calculation which include mechanical integration or drafting procedure on body plan. Therefore, the computerization of stability calculation by the above method is very difficult. In this paper a simplified method for stability calculation is suggested, with based on hydrostatic data and immerged wedged characteristics.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제23권
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• pp.201-231
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• 2007

Taxi is one of the representative transpotation method in Korea. This is the study on the method of taxi fare calculation. So this study tries to find out the resonable method of taxi fare calculation. Many research institutes have tried to find out good method of taxi fare calculation. Until now, there has not been any standard method of taxi fare calculation. So the purpose of this study is to provide the best method of taxi fare calculation. This is the example of the method of taxi fare calculation. Both studies of related literature and empirical investigation have been reviewed to accomplish the purpose of this study.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.689-698
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to develop and evaluate a drug dosage calculation training program using cognitive loading theory based on a smartphone application. Calculation ability, dosage calculation related self-efficacy and anxiety were measured. Methods: A nonequivalent control group design was used. Smartphone application and a handout for self-study were developed and administered to the experimental group and only a handout was provided for control group. Intervention period was 4 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, and ANCOVA with the SPSS 18.0. Results: The experimental group showed more 'self-efficacy for drug dosage calculation' than the control group (t=3.82, p<.001). Experimental group students had higher ability to perform drug dosage calculations than control group students (t=3.98, p<.001), with regard to 'metric conversion' (t=2.25, p =.027), 'table dosage calculation' (t=2.20, p =.031) and 'drop rate calculation' (t=4.60, p<.001). There was no difference in improvement in 'anxiety for drug dosage calculation'. Mean satisfaction score for the program was 86.1. Conclusion: These results indicate that this drug dosage calculation training program using smartphone application is effective in improving dosage calculation related self-efficacy and calculation ability. Further study should be done to develop additional interventions for reducing anxiety.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.174-182
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• 2012

Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify predictors of drug calculation competence of nursing students. Methods: A total of 120 students were recruited from 3 universities from November 10 to 20, 2011. The instruments for this study were drug calculation competence, self-efficacy for drug dosage calculation, anxiety for drug dosage calculation, and the academic self-efficacy scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi-square test, t-test, Scheffe test, partial correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The mean score of good competence group was $0.67{\pm}0.08$ and the mean score of no-good competence group was $0.42{\pm}0.10$. The drug calculation competence was positively related to self-efficacy for drug dosage calculation and academic self-efficacy scale, but negatively related to anxiety for drug dosage calculation after controlling personal attributes. The main predictors of drug calculation competence in nursing students were identified as anxiety for drug dosage calculation (${\beta}$=-.25, p=.046), academic self-efficacy (${\beta}$=.19, p=.035). These two factors explained about 10% of variance in drug calculation competence. Conclusion: Based on the results, the strategies reducing the anxiety for drug dosage calculation and improving the academic self-efficacy should be developed and implemented.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.535-541
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• 2022

The radical reaction position was calculated by varying the calculation level for ACEL and ANT, which are detected with the highest frequency and concentration in PAHs pollution sites. The results of each calculation level were compared and evaluated with the existing literature. HF, B3LYP, B3LYP-D, and MP2 were used as the method for each level used for calculation. Except for HF, the MK charge by B3LYP, B3LYP-D, and MP2 was consistent with the experimental results. It was found that the dispersion effect was negligible in the calculation of ACEL and ANT because the calculation results by the B3LYP and B3LYP-D methods were the same. In particular, it was found that the MK charge calculation result by MP2 agrees well with the product/PAH ratio obtained as a result of the experiment. Considering the calculation cost, it would be preferable to use B3LYP to predict the radical reaction site of ACEL and ANT. However, considering the product/PAH ratio, it takes more time to calculate, but it is judged that it is better to use the MP2.