• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.407-415
• /
• 1986

This study investigated whether a correlation exists between environmental physical and biochemical factors and adherence of Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells by using normal and UV-irradiated strains. The results were as follows: 1. The percentage of germ tube forming activities of normal Candida albicans was 91.5% and UV-irradiated Candida albicans was 15.0%. The $LD_{50}$ of normal strains in mice were $1.0{\times}10\;cells/ml$, but could not be observed in the UV-irradiated strains even with $1.0{\times}10\;cells/ml$. It demonstrated that the virulence is decreased in the UV-irradiated strain. 2. The adherence of normal Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells($166{\pm}29{\sim}207{\pm}17\;cells$/100 epithelial cells) was significantly greater than UV-irradiated Candida albicans($99{\pm}21{\sim}131{\pm}25\;cells$/100 epithelial cells). 3. Candida albicans cultured at $37^{\circ}C$ adhered to buccal epithelial cells($166{\pm}16{\sim}207{\pm}17\;cells$/100 epithelial cells) in greater numbers than cultured at $25^{\circ}C$($80{\pm}15{\sim}143{\pm}22\;cells$/100 epithelial cells). 4. On comparison of the adherence of viable and nonviable(heat-killed) Candida albicans to human buccal epithelial cells, the nonviable Candida albicans demonstrated poorer adherence than viable Candida albicans. 5. Adherence in vitro of Candida albicans to human epithelial cells appeared to be effected by the pH. The adherence ability was maximum increased at pH 7.0($187{\pm}22\;cells$/100 epithelial cells) other than experimental pH. 6. The adherence was proportional to the incubation time and the Candida cell concentration in the suspension. 7. A strong correlation was shown between germ tube forming activity and increased adherence of Candida albicans to human epithelial cells, indicating that germ tube forming activity were responsible for candidal virulence.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.28-38
• /
• 1993

For the purpose of evaluating the cleansing efficiency against Candida albicans detected frequently in patients with denture stomatitis, two denture cleansers with or without enzymes were studied under the same conditions. The results were as fellows: 1. Enzyme-contain denture cleanser was showed more Candida albicans lytic ability than non-enzyme-contained denture cleanser. 2. It was observed that Candida albicans lytic activity in further diluted manufacturerers' recommended concentration was decreased. 3. In fungicidal test, the enzyme-contained denture cleanser sterilized Candida albicans, and the non-enzyme-contained denture cleanser did not sterilize Candida albicans. 4. Sterilizing time of Candid albicans was needed for at least 60 minutes in enzyme-contained denture cleanser solution which was diluted with manufacturerers' recommended concentrations., and was needed for more times with further diluted manufacturerers' recommended concentrations. 5. In vitro growth test of Candida albicans on acrylic resin surface, the only enzyme-contained denture cleanser inhibited growth of Candida albicans, and it was observed that inhibiton ability of growth of Candida albicans on arrylic resin surface was decreased in further diluted manufacturerers' recommended concentrations.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.126-134
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to propose an efficient treatment approach for infection with different candida species. Methods: Fifty-three patients who presented with a chief complaint of oral mucosal pain and exhibited positive candida culture findings were divided into two groups (Candida albicans and non-albicans). Pain, mucosal manifestations, salivary flow rates, durations of disease and treatment, and responses to treatment (nystatin and clonazepam) were investigated in both groups. Results: Patients in the C. albicans group exhibited more prominent clinical characteristics (erythematous lesions, tongue coatings, and hyperalgesia) than those in the non-albicans group. In total, 70% of patients in the non-albicans group showed no abnormalities in the oral mucosa. Patients in the C. albicans group showed increased resistance to nystatin treatment compared to those in the non-albicans group, especially with longer disease durations. The patients resistant to nystatin treatment showed positive responses to clonazepam. Conclusions: Patients with oral mucosal pain should be tested for the presence of Candida, even in the absence of mucosal abnormalities, especially those infected with non-albicans species. If no response to antifungal therapy is observed, treatment with clonazepam should be initiated, especially in patients infected with C. albicans.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.58 no.1
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the adhesion of Candida albicans according to build angle in 3D printing denture base resin. Methods: The 3D printing was performed by setting the build angle of the disk type specimen designed by CAD program at 0 degree, 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees. Surface roughness was measured using a non-contact 3D microsurface profiler. The specimens were incubated in Candida albicans suspension for 24 hours. The attached Candida albicans were detached by cell scraper. The suspension of detached C. albicans was serially diluted and plated on Trypticase soy broth. After 48 hours of incubation, total colony forming unit was counted. Results: There was no significant difference in surface roughness(Sa) between the test groups, but the interlayer boundary was observed. There was no statistically significant difference in total colony forming units of Candida albicans between the test groups. Conclusion: There was no difference in the average surface roughness and adhesion of Candida albicans between the specimens. It is considered that the setting of the build angle should be set considering the accuracy or strength rather than the roughness of the surface.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.146-150
• /
• 2002

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the identification of two Candida species-albicans and dubliniensis. Three sets of primers were selected from different genomic sequences to specifically amplify a 516 bp fragment within the tops gene, specific for several species of the genus Candida (CCL primers); a 239 bp fragment within the $\alpha$INT1 gene, specific for Candida albicans (CAL primers); and a 175 bp fragment within the ALSD1 gene, specific for Candida dubliniensis (CDL primers). Using the primers in conjunction (multiplex PCR), we were able to detect both C. albicans and C. dubliniensis and to differentiate between them. The detection limit of the PCR assay was approximately 10 cells per milliliter of saline. Thus, this multiplex PCR assay can be applied for differentiation of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis from clinical specimens.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.105-108
• /
• 2000

Oligonucleotide primers amplifying a 344 bp fragment on the integrin-like protein alpha-INT1p gene (${\alpha}$INT1) of Candida albicans were synthesized for screenign of C. albicans from clinicalsamples by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR specifically amplified DNA from C. albicans and none from any other Candida, fungal, or human DNA in standard used here. The PCR assay showed that the primers (LH1 and LH2) were specific for 26 isolates of C. albicans from clinical smaples, whereas the positive fragment, 344 bp, was not amplified from 15 clinical isolates including 14 other medically important Candida species and an isolate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PCR was conducted on the urine samples of 20 patients and 4 samples were C. albicans positive. The detection limit of the PCR assay for C. albicans was shown to be approximately 10 cells/ml saline. The PCR system using 344 bp ${\alpha}$INT1 as a target is more specific and rapid than the conventional culture method, and the sensitive detection method is applicable to clinical diagnosis of C. albicans infections.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.403-411
• /
• 1987

This study investigated whether a correlation exists between proteinase activity, phospholipase activity and adherence of Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells by using of various strains isolated from oral cavity. The proteinase activity of 30 strains was tested by culture on agar media that contained bovine serum albumin as a nitrogen source. Using the serum-protein-agar method to test proterolysis of serum albumin in 20 strains of Candida albicans. Twenty-six strains of Candida albicans were phospholipase producers and the degree of phopholipase activity of experimental strains were $0.51{\sim}0.89$ measured by Pz-value. Twenty-eight strains of Candida albicans were adhersive to buccal epithelial cells and 15 strains were foung significantly active adherence. Fifteen strains of Candida albicans were correlated with proteinase activity and adherence to epithelial cells and concomitantly 20 strains of Candida albicans were also correlated with phospholipase activity and adherence. In conclusion our investigation provides evidence of a correlation between quantitative proteinase, phospholipase and adherence. An association of these parameters may be an important contributory factor for pathogenicity.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.141-146
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to explore whether photodynamic therapy using Radachlorin and diode laser is an effective inhibitor of Candida albicans. Suspensions of Candida albicans were obtained, inoculated in petri dishes with Radachlorin, and incubated for 30 min. Then, the laser light of a diode laser was irradiated at at energy densities of 3 J/cm², 5 J/cm², 7 J/cm². As a result, Candida albicans showed a killing rate of 91.5% at an energy density of 7 J/cm². This study found that photodynamic therapy using a Radachlorin and diode laser was effective for the inhibition of Candida albicans.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.170-177
• /
• 1995

To search and develop the compounds exhibiting antifungal activities against the mycelial phase of Candida albicans, approximately 2,900 microorganisms isolated from soil were examined for antifungal activity. Among them, a strain with preferential activity against the mycelial phase of Candida albicans was isolated and identified as Streptomyces sp. A393. Isolation and purification of compounds A393 showing antifungal activity against the mycelial phase of C. albicans were performed using XAD-7 column chromatography, silica gel chromatography, preparative thin- layer silica gel chromatography, and HPLC. The molecular weights of compounds isolated from Streptomyces sp. A393 were determined as 774, 790, 804 and 820. These compounds appeared to have a structure of macrolide antibiotics, oligomycin A, B, C and E. Especially, oligomycin E, which is formerly reported to have no antifungal activity, showed antifungal activity against the mycelial phase of Candida albicans.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 2014

PURPOSE. This study evaluated the adhesion to acrylic resin specimens and biofilm formation capability of Candida albicans strains isolated from HIV positive subjects' oral rinse solutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The material tested was a heat-cured acrylic resin (Acron Duo). Using the adhesion and crystal violet assays, 14 oral Candida albicans isolated from HIV-positive subjects and 2 references Candida strains (C. albicans ATCC 90028 and C. albicans ATCC 90128) were compared for their biofilm production and adhesion properties to acrylic surfaces in vitro. RESULTS. There were no significant differences in adhesion (P=.52) and biofilm formation assays (P=.42) by statistical analysis with Mann-Whitney test. CONCLUSION. Denture stomatitis and increased prevalence of candidal carriage in HIV infected patients is unlikely to be related to the biofilm formation and adhesion abilities of C. albicans to acrylic resin materials.