• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.109-117
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• 1993

A carbon/epoxy composite drive shaft used for the power transmission of the automobiles with steel joints. Compared with the metallic drive shaft, the composite one has the weight saving of 50% with equivalent torsional strength and fatigue characteristics. In this study, the filament winding technique for the composite tube and composite/metal joining technique are estabilished. The performance test of the drive shaft is carried out. The optimal condition of the surface roughness of the steel adherend was $1.5{{\mu}m}$ to $2.5{{\mu}m}$, and the optimal condition of the bonding thickness was 0.15mm. Maximum torque and torsional stiffness of the composite drive shaft manufactured by filament winding process were found to be $210kg{\cdot}m$ and $18.5kg{\cdot}m/deg$, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1767-1776
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• 2001

For the stable operation of high speed air spindle, the low rotational inertia and high damping ratio of spindle shafts as well as high fundamental natural frequency are indispensable. Conventional steel spindles are net appropriate for very high speed operation because of their high rotational inertia and low damping ratio. In this study, a high speed spindle composed of carbon fiber epoxy composite shaft and steel flange was designed for maximum critical speed considering minimum static deflection and radial expansion due to bending load and centrifugal force during high speed relation. The stacking angle and the stacking thickness of the composite shaft and the adhesive bonding length of the 7teel flange were selected through vibrational analysis considering static and thermal loads due to temperature rise.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.49-52
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• 1999

Substituting composite structures for conventional metallic structures has many advantages because of higher specific stiffness and specific strength of composite materials. In this work, one-piece propeller shafts composed of carbon/epoxy composite and glass/epoxy one were designed and manufactured for a rear wheel drive automobile, which uses generally a steel two-piece propeller shaft. From the tests of the composite propeller shafts, it was found that the propeller shafts satisfied requirements of static torque transmission capability, torsional buckling capability and the first natural bending frequency and had 40% weight saving effect compared with steel propeller shaft.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.431-439
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• 2021

The Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) material is recently widely used in the composite industry with excellent rigidity and lightweight properties. A ship shaft system requires high standards of safety on torsional strength capacity. The purpose of this study is to verify the applicability of a CFRP shaft system to take the place of metal shaft systems for ships from a viewpoint of torsional strength. Selection of materials and manufacturing method are executed then two geometrically scaled CFRP shaft system models were designed and manufactured with three-layer patterns. The models were used for a series of torsion tests under single and repeated torsional loading conditions. Detailed design and manufacturing methods for a CFRP ship shaft system are documented and the torsion test results are listed in this paper. The results of this study could be useful guidelines on the development of CFRP ship shaft systems and a test method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.99-104
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• 2008

The Carbon fiber epoxy composite material and aluminum have many advantages about higher specific stiffness and good fatigue characteristics. basically, the propeller shaft of automobile must satisfy high natural frequency more than 9,200 rpm to satisfy high number of rotation and high torsion torque more than 2,700Nm. In these reason, studied natural frequency and torsion torque characteristics of shaft according to parameter variations with the outdiameter and thickness. From the torsion tester and natural frequency experiments FE analyses was compared vibration and torque characteristics of hybrid shaft Designed hybrid shaft was experimented through FFT analyzer and torsion tester each and satisfied that hybrid shaft reverence 60mm and thickness 5mm by a these experiment is most suitable. Therefore, that can manufacture existent steel two piece type propeller shaft to one piece type hybrid shaft.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.274-281
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• 2009

The carbon fiber epoxy composite material and aluminum have many advantages over other materials because of their high specific stiffness and good fatigue characteristics. Basically, the propeller shaft of automobile requires bending frequency of higher than 2,700 Nm and high natural frequency of higher than 9,200 rpm occurred by fast revolution. For this reason, natural frequency and torsion torque characteristics of hybrid shaft was studied in variation of its outer-diameter and thickness. Vibration and torque characteristics of hybrid shaft were compared by torsion tester, natural frequency experiments and FE analysis. Designed hybrid shaft satisfied its vibration and torque characteristics when its outer-diameter was 60 mm and thickness was 5 mm. Therefore, hybrid material enables to manufacture one piece structure hybrid propeller shaft rather than current two piece structure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1997-2007
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• 2002

Composite air spindles are appropriate for the high-speed and the high-precision machining as small hole drilling of printed circuit board (PCB) or wafer cutting for manufacturing semiconductors because of the low rotational inertia, the high damping ratio and the high fundamental natural frequency of composite shaft. The axial load and stiffness of composite air spindles fur drilling operation are determined by the thrust ben ring composed of the air supply part mounted on the housing and the rotating part mounted on the rotating shaft. At high-speed rotation, the rotating part of the thrust bearing should be designed considering the stresses induced by centrifugal force as well as the axial stiffness and the natural frequency of the rotating shaft to void the shaft from failure due to the centrifugal force and resonant vibration. In this work, the air supply part of the thrust bearing was designed considering the bending stiffness of the bearing and the applied load. The rotating part of the thrust bearing was designed through finite element analysis considering the cutting forces during manufacturing as well as the static and dynamic characteristics under both the axial and con trifugal forces during high-speed rotation.

• Composites Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2001

In order to enhance high speed stability the composite air spindle system composed of a high modulus carbon fiber composite shaft, powder contained epoxy composite squirrel cage rotor and aluminum tool holder was designed and manufactured. For the optimal design of the composite air spindle system, the stacking sequence and thickness of the composite shaft were selected by considering the fundamental natural frequency and deformation of the system. The analysis gave results that the composite air spindle system had 36% higher natural frequency relative to a conventional air spindle system. The dynamic characteristics of the composite spindle system were compared with those of a conventional steel air spindle system. From the calculated and test results, it was concluded that the composite shaft and the power contained composite rotor were able to enhance the dynamic characteristics of the spindle system effectively due to the low inertia and high speific stiffness of the composite materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.32-38
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• 2018

In this study, the one-piece propeller shaft composed of carbon/epoxy was designed and manufactured for 4 wheel drive automobiles that can bear the target torsional torque performance of 3.5kN.m. For the CFRP tube, braiding machine was used to weaving carbon fiber and it was formed the braided yarns with the braid angle ${\pm}45^{\circ}$ and axial yarns to improve strength of the lengthwise direction. The final CFRP tube of propeller shaft was evaluated through the torsional torque test. The CFRP propeller shaft satisfied requirement of the target torsional maximum torque of 3.5kN.m. Also, it was found that the one-piece composite propeller shaft with CFRP tube had 30% weight saving effect compared with a two-piece steel propeller shaft.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.44-47
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• 2002

A liner static and dynamic analysis for a golf shaft, which is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials, is presented in this study. Major mechanical parameters of golf shafts such as deflection, torsional angel, frequency of vibration(CPM), and kick point are analyzed by finite element method. The effects of major parameters on the performance of golf shafts are also discussed. The results show that the major parameters of golf shafts are strongly dependent on the material properties of fibers and design pattern of golf shafts. The present results will be useful to design sheet-rolled golf shafts.