• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.179-179
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• 2004

In the near future we can expect a change in charging the Internet service. The flat charging maybe replaced with a usage-based charging. In line with this movement, we propose a method of charging the assured-quality Internet services for the next generation network by introducing a UBC (usage-based charging) scheme over the conventional flat charging platform. First, we investigate the attribute of elastic traffic generated by assured services in IP network. Next, we propose a new method to relate the bandwidth usage with the pricing for the elastic traffic, which is based partially on the usage rate of the network bandwidth. Next, we propose a charging function for elastic traffic, which is applicable to any type of assured Internet services. Finally, we discuss the implication of the work via simple numerical experiments.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2004

In the near future we can expect a change in charging the Internet service. The flat charging maybe replaced with a usage-based charging. In line with this movement, we propose a method of charging the assured-quality Internet services for the next generation network by introducing a UBC (usage-based charging) scheme over the conventional flat charging platform. First, we investigate the attribute of elastic traffic generated by assured services in IP network. Next, we propose a new method to relate the bandwidth usage with the pricing for the elastic traffic, which is based partially on the usage rate of the network bandwidth. Next, we propose a charging function for elastic traffic, which is applicable to any type of assured Internet services. Finally, we discuss the implication of the work via simple numerical experiments.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.551-557
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• 2021

With increase of electric vehicle in the road, the number of charging/discharging infrastructure for electric vehicle in public space is also increased rapidly. To charge or discharge the electric vehicle the user of electric vehicle and service provider should verify the each other's identity to minimize security vulnerability. This paper proposes mutual authentication scheme between electric vehicle and charging/discharging service provider with help of hash function and Message Authentication Code(MAC). Also efficient operating scheme for charging/discharging service system is proposed. The analysis shows that the system has robustness against security vulnerability. Also this system can keep the sensitive personal information of service user safely.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1916-1924
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• 2017

Fossil oil, as the main energy of transportation, is destined to be exhausted. The electrification of transportation is a sustainable solution to the energy crisis, since electric power could be acquired from the inexhaustible sun, wind and water. Among all the problems that hinder the development of Electric Vehicle (EV) industry, charging issue might be the most prominent one. In this paper, the service process of a charging station with Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is analyzed by means of $Cram{\acute{e}}r$ - Lundberg model which has been intensively utilized in ruin theory. The service quality is proposed in two dimensions: the service efficiency and the service reliability. The arrival rate and State of Charge (SOC) upon arrival are derived from 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS). The simulations are performed to show how the service quality is determined by the system parameters such as the number of servers, the service rate, the initial capacity, the charge rate and the maximum waiting time. At last, the economic analysis of the system is conducted and the best combination of the system parameters are given.

• TTA Journal
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• s.75
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• pp.74-83
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• 2001

전기통신 요금은 전기통신 사업자가 제공하는 서비스 이용에 대한 반대 급부로서 이용자가 지불하는 가격이라 정의할 수 있다. 전기통신 서비스에 대한 요금결정은 서비스 원가주의(Cost of service principle)와 서비스 가치주의(value of service principle)로 나눌수 있다. IP charging의 필요성은 크게 사용자 측면, 망사업자 측면, ISP을 고려 해야 할 것이다. ITU에서 IP Charging에 대한 관한 표준화연구를 시작한지 2년이 지난 오늘까지 뚜렷한 결과물이 제시되고 있지 않으므로 본 고는 일반적인 과금의 원칙 및 ATM과금 표준에서 제안한 과금요소를 예제로 하여 현재 ITU-T나 IPDR(IP Detail Record)의 표준화 동향을 살펴보고 IP 요금의 표준화방향에 대해 고려할 점을 논의하기로 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.3B
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• pp.288-303
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• 2009

In the near future it is foreseen that a genuine multimedia service over the WiMAX system is provided in a worldwide manner by exploiting the QoS technologies introduced in the wireless and wired broadband network. In this work we propose a pricing scheme for the multimedia service over the generic WiMAX system that supports a full QoS functionality. We assume real-time services such as the voice and video as well as the nonreal-time service such as the conventional high-speed data, and we propose a pricing and charging scheme for those services by investigating the inherent characteristics of those services and the multiple-class of QoS-service provided to them. After that we propose a method to compute expected revenue that is obtained from the WiMAX system by using an analytic method to estimate the usage of the bandwidth resources for the different class of services. Via numerical experiment, we verify the implication of the work.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.119-128
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• 2008

To use commercial software, most software users purchase the software. Some software users, who do not use the software frequently, regard purchasing the software as undue expense. Software rental service can be an effective substitute. To support the software rental service, charging scheme is necessary. Two categories of charging scheme can be considered. One is charging a fixed amount of fee for a fixed period of time and the other is charging a fee based on the actual usage time. In this paper, the software pay-per-use approach based on the amount of time that the software user has used is proposed. The proposed approach gives the capability to calculate the usage time.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2020

Scheduling of electric vehicles and optimizing for charging waiting time have been critical. Meanwhile, it is challengeable to exploit the fluctuating data from electric vehicles in real-time. We introduce an optimal routing algorithm and a simulator with electric vehicles obeying the Poisson distribution of the observed information about time, space and energy-demand. Electric vehicle routing is updated in every cycle even it is already set. Also, we suggest an electric vehicle routing algorithm for minimizing total trip time, considering a threshold of the waiting time. Total trip time and charging waiting time are decreased 34.3% and 86.4% respectively, compared to the previous algorithm. It can be applied to the information service of charging stations and utilized as a reservation service.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.10
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• pp.1911-1915
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• 2009

The problem of determining the proper capacity of electric vehicle charging station is studied in the presented paper. Based on the expected arrival rate and the expected charging time, we calculate the proper capacity that guarantees electric vehicles get service better than a given lower bound which is termed the loss of charging probability. The problem is studied by using certain queueing models. We first formulate the problem as a queueless model of type M/M/n/n, known as the Erlang loss system. And then the M/M/n/K type queueing model is formulated to consider the parking space constraint. Results of the study may be used for designing the electric vehicle charging station.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.11A no.4
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• pp.39-44
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• 2001

As electric power systems have been moving from vertically integrated utilities to a deregulated environment, the charging of reactive power management is a new challenging them for market operators. This paper proposes a new methodology to compute the costs of providing reactive power management service in a competitive electrical power market. The proposed formulation, which is basically different from those shown in the literature, consists of two parts. One is to recover investment capital costs of reactive power supporting equipment based on a reactive power flow tracing algorithm. The other is to recover operational costs based on variable spot prices using the optimal power flow algorithm. The charging shapes resulted from the proposed approach exhibit a quite good meaning viewed from a practical sense. It turns out that reactive power charged are mostly due to recovery of capital costs and slightly due to recovery of operational costs. The methods can be useful in providing additional insight into power system operation and can be used to determined tariffs of a reactive power management service.