• PNF and Movement
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a community based group exercise intervention on motor functional capacity. To evaluate the immediate(post-treatment) effects after 6-weeks exercise program on the group exercise intervention(PNF and Circuit exercise). Methods : Subjects-Included persons with stroke who were living in the community. Thirty-seven subjects were randomly assigned to the PNF, Circuit exercise and control group participated in a repeated measures design that evaluated the subjects with pre-treatment, post-treatment(6 weeks). Functional ability outcome measures assessed the motor assessment scale(MAS) and EMG. Both treatment groups participated in exercise cJass three times a week for 6 weeks. Group programs focused on balance, functional motor capacity and walking ability. The PNF program was modified PNF pattem and techniques with emphasis on functional tasks when possible, as well as stretching of the more affected limb particularly in the more affected shoulder. The Circuit program with subjects completing practice at a selies of work station as well as participating in walking races and relay with other members of the group. Results : Compared with the control group, the treatment group had larger improvements in the motor function ability after 6 weeks treatment and Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score. 1. Motor function were assessed by using MAS, sit to stand, walking and upper function were assessed pre-treatment versus post-treatment measures revealed a statically significant(p<.05). There were significant differences between the groups. Compared with the control group, the treatment group had larger improvements. 2. In the treatment groups, demonstrated difference in the electromyographic activation of biceps, triceps, quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles on the paretic side in the response to the reaching arm movement and stepping motion in stance. The difference in muscle activation improvement were not statically significant. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the PNF and Circuit group exercise intervention can improve motor functional ability. This study suggests that the PNF and Circuit exercise programs is appropriate for community-based group exercise principles. It leads to gain and maintain potential function for disabled persons after stroke in the community.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.61-69
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• 2011

Purpose: This study investigated the changes in body composition and serum lipid composition in obese women that were caused by a 12-week circuit exercise regime including both field and aquatic activities. Methods: Subjects comprised a total of 36 women who had a BMI of more than $25kg/m^2$. The simple obesity group (n=17) had no current or past record of medical complications, whereas the group with complications (n=19) also suffered from hypertension and/or diabetes. The circuit exercise program consisted of 12 weeks of 60%HRmax exercise sessions, five days a week. Results: While changes in every variable of body composition were significant, there was no statistically significant difference in the changes in serum lipid composition variables. With the exception of BMI, the correlation between the simple/complicated groups and exercising was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: These findings suggest that while a complex circuit weight exercise program that includes aquatic exercises significantly and positively alters obese patients' body composition it does not create statistically significant changes in their serum lipid composition. It can still be concluded, however, that increasing the duration of the exercise program would be effective to influence this. Moreover, personalized exercise programs that fit the needs of the individual participants seem necessary, given that the effect of exercise on body composition and serum lipid composition was greater in patients with simple obesity than in those with complications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the changes in the blood fatigue variables caused by isokinetic and isotonic exercise training. METHODS: Ten healthy adult males with at least one year of athletic experience participated. The participants performed the isokinetic circuit exercise program first, followed by an isotonic circuit exercise program. A two-hour break was allowed between the isokinetic circuit exercise program and the isotonic circuit exercise program. The circuit exercise program consisted of four items (Squat, Deadlift, Shoulder press, and Bench press). The blood samples were analyzed for the LDH, CPK, and Cortisol levels. RESULTS: The LDH level in the isokinetic group was significantly different from the isotonic group. In particular, the change in LDH level in the isokinetic group was 33.30% lower than that of the isotonic group. The serum CPK level of the isokinetic group showed a 10.03% lower decrease than the isotonic group, but the difference was not significant. The Cortisol level was relatively unchanged in the isotonic group, but it decreased in the isokinetic group. On the other hand, the Cortisol level did not show a significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The isokinetic group showed alleviation of the three indices, unlike the isotonic group. Further studies associated with the changes in blood fatigue variables through various exercise programs and exercise intensity will be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of task oriented circuit exercise(TOCE) on the balance and cognition in mild dementia patients. METHODS: The subjects of the study were 30 patients with mild dementia and assigned to the TOCE(task oriented circuit exercise) group(n=15) and aerobic exercise(AE) group(n=15). TOCE group performed six task three times weekly for 12 weeks. AE group underwent the cycle ergometer and treadmill exercise three times a week during the experimental period respectively. Timed up and go test(TUG), Berg balance scale(BBS) and AP1153 Biorescue were used to assess the parameters for the balance. Korean-mini mental state examination and Global deterioration scale(GDS) were used to assess the parameters for the cognition. For the statistical analysis, paired t-test and independent t-test were used to compare the differences among two groups. RESULTS: Each group showed improvement in balance and possibility for improving cognitive function. TOCE group especially, there were significant improvements in limit of stability. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that TOCE is a more diverse exercise programs introduced in the study. Furthermore, TOCE can be a helpful to improve the balance and cognition in mild dementia patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2007

Objective : Respiratory muscle weakness and decreased chest mobility has been suggested to result from the deconditioning that accompanied activity level in chronic elderly stokes. The benefits of respiratory exercise programmes on exercise capacity and muscle strength in hemiplegia. This study aimed to determine the effects of selective inspiratory and expiratory muscles training and chest mobility exercise on patients with strokes to establish if an improved exercise capacity can be obtained in patients that are not limited in their daily activities. Methods & Intervention : Twelve patients were assigned to the intensive respiratory exercise group participated in a measures design that evaluated the subjects with pre-treatment and post-treatment. Thirteen subjects who were assigned to a control group received training with breathing exercise and resistance exercise of skeletal muscles. The subjects performed spirometry then undertook a 6-week programme of respiratory muscle and chest mobility training. Training for the two groups was carried out 2 times a week for 6 weeks. Measurements and Results : Spirometry(Forced Vital Capacity: FVC and Closed Circuit Spiromety: CCS) and thoracic mobility were measured before and after the 6 weeks. The experimental group improved significantly compared to control group in FVC, $FEV_1$, MVV, IRV and ERV, and upper chest wall expansion(p<0.05). No significant improvement was seen in thoracic mobility or lung function in control group(p>0.05). Conclusion : The major findings in this study were that a intensive 6week exercise programme of resistive breathing and chest mobility in patients with hemiplegia led to an increase in lung capacity. The resistive breathing exercise programme used here resulted in a significant increase in the chest excursion during breathing.