• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.264-274
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• 2019

This study attempted to analyze the effects of cleansing oil on skin by preferred vegetable base oil. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against 100 people, and their face washing habit and preferred vegetable base oils were examined. Based on the results, 4 different cleansing oils were prepared and experimented. The experiment was conducted against 10 adult women in their 20-30s, and moisture level, sebum level and trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) before and after the experiment were measured. After the test, satisfaction was measured, and the results found the followings: When asked what cleansing oil is most preferred by vegetable base oil type, 'rose hip oil' was the highest, followed by 'olive oil', 'apricot kernel oil' and 'camellia oil'. According to the clinical trials, both moisture and sebum levels increased before and after cleansing in all four cleansing oil types by the preferred vegetable base oil (p<0.001, p<0.001). In addition, TEWL decreased with a difference by base oil (p<0.01). According to a subjective satisfaction survey which was performed after the experiment, rose hip oil-contained cleansing oil (RHC) was the highest in terms of cleansing effect and satisfaction level. Consequently, it was confirmed that the cleansing oil by vegetable base oil improved skin conditions by protecting a skin barrier with a positive effect on the improvement of sebum and moisture levels and TEWL. Even though a preferred oil type and a satisfaction level may differ by preferred oil and feeling after use, cleansing oil by vegetable base can be helpful as a skin care product which eases skin dryness and protects a skin barrier.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determined that the efficacy and comfort of iontophoretic transdermal delivery of lidocaine by comparison of local anesthetic duration, sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance levels according to four different cleansing regimes. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to four groups; oil cleansing group, lotion cleansing group, solution cleansing group and alcohol cleansing group. All subjects were received lidocaine iontophoresis on the forearm using direct current with 4 mA for 10 minutes. All subjects were measured the duration of local anesthesia after lidocaine iontophoresis, also evaluated the sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance level during iontophoresis. For comparisons of the efficacy and the sensory characteristics of iontophoresis within the groups, an one-way ANOVA was used. Results: The duration of local anesthesia were found significant difference between groups (p<0.001). The anesthetic duration in solution and alcohol cleansing groups were significantly longer than oil and lotion cleansing group by post hoc (p<0.05). Statistically significant difference were noted in respect to all sensory characteristics such as sensory threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance between groups (p<0.001). The sensory threshold in solution and alcohol cleansing group were significantly lower than oil and lotion cleansing group by post hoc using Duncan multiple range test (p<0.05). The pain threshold and pain tolerance in solution and alcohol cleansing group were significantly higher than oil and lotion cleansing group by post hoc (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that cleansing regimes have affected the efficacy and discomfort of iontophoretic transdermal delivery of lidocaine. These findings indicate that cleansing agents without oil ingredient contributed to more comfort, and more successful achievement of the iontophoretic transdermal delivery.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.240-247
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to develop a method to evaluate solubility parameter interactions of cosmetic ingredients in formulations. This experimentation relates to the fabrication of new multi-layer cleansing oil which can remove make-up products such as lipstick, foundation, mascara, eye shadow, etc., and also can wash away dirt and sebum from the skin just in one stage process. Solubility parameter and specific gravity of various cosmetic ingredients are measured to explain the cleanliness of interface, detergency of make-up cosmetics on the skin surface. The results suggest that it is possible for cosmetic chemists to use solubility parameter of cosmetic materials for fabrication of new formulation of 3-layer cleansing oil.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

Objectives : The researcher had investigated the efficacy of ginseng using Microneedle Therapy System (MTS) and confirmed the effect of ginseng Cold Process (CP) soap just before and after washing face. The purpose of this study was to find out what kind of effect appeared through a period of 6 weeks when environmental factors were involved using ginseng CP soap. Methods : The researcher selected 47 subjects, 37 as the experimental group and 10 as the control group. The researcher asked participants to wash their face twice a day in the morning and evening using ginseng CP soap, and the period was set for 6 weeks. The researcher had the people who selected as the control group use a commercially available foam cleanser. They performed a skin test before the start of the test, and the change status was continuously investigated 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after using the soap. Results : In the case of T-zone oil, there was a significant decrease in the use of foam cleansing and ginseng CP soap, and in the case of pores and pigmentation, a significant decrease was observed only in the use of ginseng CP soap. In skin tone change, there was a significant effect in both the experimental group and the control group, but the significance was greatly increased in the case of ginseng CP soap compared to foam cleansing. Conclusions : Ginseng CP soap is considered to be a more suitable cleanser for skin care compared to foam cleansing.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 1990

It is a fact that there are recent increasing trends or incidence of the colorectal carcinoma among other colorectal diseases. In such trend, the early detection remain to be most important by the air contrast barium enema and total colonofiberscopy. There are several ways to prepare the colon for barium enema and colonofiberscopy which include several agents. The mechanical cleansing have been used most frequently since Brown's method was adapted to be most perfect for colon deansing. The ideal laxatives and enema solutions were limited to adequate dose, it's effectiveness, patient's diet and bowel habit, minimal side effect, low cost and simple to perform. In order to compare the effectiveness of various cleansing solutions, six experimental methods were formed as shown; 1. normal saline enema, 2. castor oil with normal saline enema, 3. castor oil with soap suds enema, 4. magnesium citrate with normal saline, 5. magnesium citrate with soap suds enema and 6. ingestion of Golyetly solution. The authors have compared and determined the degree of cleanness by an experienced endoscopist. The total number of patients was 247, age distribution was $43{\pm}15$ years old, and sex distribution was 133 males and 114 females. The grade I and II represented no difficulties at performing the colonofiberscopy, but grade ill and N had some difficulties, even unable to perform the colonofiberscopy. The effectiveness the cleansing agents, represented with grade I and II was 95.9% (47/49) in method 6, 93.2%(54/58) in method 2, 83.3%(30/33) in method 3, 70.0%(28/10) in method 5, 66.7%(16/24) in method i, and 45.7%(18/40) in method 4. Method 2 and 6 were the most effective in normal bowel habit patients. In constipated patients, method 6 was the most effective and all method except method 11 were effective in diarrhea patients. The degrees of less mucosal irritation by various bowel cleansing method were in the order of method 6(100%), 1(100%), 5(74%), 2(69%). In subjective symptoms and cleansing groups, abdominal distension, pain, nausea and vomiting were complained, and that's subject symptoms were in the order of method 3(88.9%), 6 (79.6%), 1(75%), 5(72.5%), 2(72.4%), 4(67.5%). In conclusion, we believe that the Golytely of the mechanical cleansing solution for colonofiberscopy was the most effective, but others depended on the patient's condition und bowel habit.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.1109-1114
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• 2009

The order to see how the deep cleansing change sebum and moisture condition by skin type, 20 persons with dry skin and oily skin were divided into two groups of scrub group and enzyme group and given the deep cleansing care, totaling 8 time. After 8 times of the deep cleansing care, the scrub group showed a valid change with oily skin while the enzyme group showed a valid change with dry skin. However, both groups did not have change a moisture with any skin types. The outcome from the questionnaire that had been done to find subjective feeling indicated that oil change resulted in a valid feeling whereas change of moisture and sensitivity were barely felt.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.703-711
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• 2017

Today, men's appearance is an important part of the global fashion industry, including Korea, with such fashion concepts as the Metrosexual and Ubersexual. Domestic and overseas beauty and cosmetics related organizations are using this phenomenon for marketing and researching to improve the function of cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Prunus persica L. Batsch leaf extract on the skin condition after clinical application to male subjects with oily skin to determine the possibility of functional cosmetics utilizing this extract. The cleansing bars were prepared by the MP method and the cleansing packs were prepared using natural ingredients. After 8 weeks of application, moisture, oil, erythema, melanin, pH, elasticity and tactile sensation were measured using MPA5. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in T-zone moisture and T-zone oil after using the natural cleansing bar, but there was no significant difference between the two groups for other items. However, the statistically significant changes were found in the individual skin condition change items of the subjects in each group, and it was judged that the two kinds of formulations could be used at the same time to have a higher skin improvement effect. Thus, Prunus persica L. Batsch leaf extract demonstrates potential to be used as a functional cosmetics item.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.369-369
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• 2003

Viscarin is a tradename given to viscosifying carrageenans manufactured by FMC BioPolymer. The suitability of Vis car ins as rheology agents in mild cleansing applications has been investigated. Rheological properties, foam volume and clarity were measured to determine the impact of including 1 % Viscarin on 10% solutions of the following surfactants: acylglutamate, cocoamidopropyl betaine, PEG-80 laurate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium lauryol sarcosinate. Viscosity, pseudoplasticity and thixotropy of Viscarin/surfactant solutions varied with surfactant type. In all cases, the addition of Viscarin substantially increased viscosity. For example, at a shear rate of 1 sol, all surfactant solutions had viscosities <0.1 Pa s while viscosities of Viscarin/surfactant solutions ranged from 10 to 60 Pa s. By comparison, a solution of 1 % Viscarin had a viscosity of 0.3 Pa s. Clarity of surfactant solutions decreased in all cases on the addition of Viscarin. However, it was found that by including a mild solubilizing surfactant, such as PEG 40 hydrogenated castor oil, crystal clarity could be maintained in Viscarin/surfactant solutions. Viscarin increased the foam volume of sodium lauryolsarcosinate solutions from 10 ml to 220 ml and had no impact on the foam volume of the other surfactants tested. These results were used to formulate a clear, ultra-mild foaming cleansing gel based on sodium lauryol sarcosinate and Viscarin without the need for a secondary, foam-boasting surfactant. A mild shampoo was also formulated. Both products have excellent skin-feel and are capable of suspending bubbles and solid inclusions.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2023

Objectives : Many people use natural soap instead of commercially available bar type general soap for skin care. They tend to prefer cp (cold process) type soaps that go through a sufficient maturation process in formulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of PCPS (placenta cp soap). Methods : The researcher selected 36 subjects, 28 as the experimental group and 8 as the control group. I asked participants to wash their face twice a day in the morning and evening, and the period was set for 6 weeks. The researcher had the people who were selected as the control group use a commercially available foam cleanser, meanwhile the experimental group use PCPS. They performed a skin test before the start of the test, and the change status was continuously investigated after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after using the soap. Results : In the case of U zone oil and pores, there was a significant decrease and in the case of skin tone, there was a significant increase in the group of using PCPS. In T zone oil change, there was no significant effect in both the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion : In the case of PCPS, it is recommended to use it in the effect of reducing the size of pores and increasing skin tone, but it can reduce u-zone oil content.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Solenoid valve cleaner is used for clean the solenoid valve in automatic transmission for a car when it is clogged with transmission oil sludge. Nevertheless when the solenoid is turned off, the residual current in the solenoid coil makes slow motion of the plunger in the solenoid which makes lower in cleansing performance and speed. In this paper, the method of performance Improvement for solenoid valve cleaner is proposed. The residual current in the solenoid coil is eliminated rapidly by the proposed method and it improves the cleansing performance and speed. The experimental results show the validity of the reposed method.