• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2021

Clinical photography is an essential component of patient care in plastic surgery. The use of unsecured smartphone cameras, digital cameras, social media, instant messaging, and commercially available cloud-based storage devices threatens patients' data safety. This paper Identifies potential risks of clinical photography and heightens awareness of safe clinical photography. Specifically, we evaluated existing risk-mitigation strategies globally, comparing them to industry standards in similar settings, and formulated a framework for developing a risk-mitigation plan for avoiding data breaches by identifying the safest methods of picture taking, transfer to storage, retrieval, and use, both within and outside the organization. Since threats evolve constantly, the framework must evolve too. Based on a literature search of both PubMed and the web (via Google) with key phrases and child terms (for PubMed), the risks and consequences of data breaches in individual processes in clinical photography are identified. Current clinical-photography practices are described. Lastly, we evaluate current risk mitigation strategies for clinical photography by examining guidelines from professional organizations, governmental agencies, and non-healthcare industries. Combining lessons learned from the steps above into a comprehensive framework that could contribute to national/international guidelines on safe clinical photography, we provide recommendations for best practice guidelines. It is imperative that best practice guidelines for the simple, safe, and secure capture, transfer, storage, and retrieval of clinical photographs be co-developed through cooperative efforts between providers, hospital administrators, clinical informaticians, IT governance structures, and national professional organizations. This would significantly safeguard patient data security and provide the privacy that patients deserve and expect.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2011

Purpose: Nasal bone fracture is the most common type of facial bone fracture. The standard 6-view photography was not adequate to support the evaluation of nasal deformity and the results of closed reduction. The authors have standardized a bird's eye view photography to more effectively evaluate this nasal deformity. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and radiologic studies of 63 nasal bone fracture patients. We had taken clinical photography including bird's eye view that was standardized as nasal tip was aligned to Cupid's bow of upper lip and light was focused on the nasion of all 63 patients. Results: Nasal deviations and reductions were more noticeable on the newly standardized bird's eye view. This clinical photography was very useful to explain the results of reduction. Conclusion: It was concluded that this photography can be more reliable for evaluation of severity of nasal deformity and the result of closed reduction.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.24-36
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• 2007

Purpose: Direct anthropometry is an ideal method for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation in plastic surgery, but it requires highly skilled specialty. Indirect anthropometry, especially photogrammetry, is an alternative method. In photogrammetry, standardized clinical photography is essential. Photogrammetry-based standardized clinical photography has several advantages over direct anthropometry. It is easier to measure and has less chance to make errors during measurement. Furthermore, it is possible to repeat measurements, and available for follow up study based on permanent custody. But, it is still different from actual measurement, and inherently less accurate than anthropometry. Methods: The authors revised the standardized clinical photography and then, carried out photogrammetry using Photoshop(Adobe, U.S.A.), and compared each data with those of anthropometry. The subjects were 50 males and 50 females, undergraduate medical students in twenties. Standard head position was obtained from the wire, fixed to cephalostat which indicates the Frankfort horizontal plane. All photographs were taken at the same situation such as fixed position of light, subject and camera, etc. Results: Total 96 measurements, based on 40 landmarks, consist of linear measurements, angular measurements and inclinations include 3 measurements in head, 22 in face, 15 in orbit, 28 in nose, 16 in lip and mouth, and 12 in ear. Conclusion: Normal photogrammetric data of face of Korean in twenties was obtained. Reliable photogrammetric measurements, not significantly different from anthropometric measurement statistically, accounted for 44 in 96 measurements(45.8%). Anthropometric values different from those of photogrammetric values were obtained by multiplying coefficient by photogrammetric value.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.356-360
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• 2015

In plastic surgery, patient photography is a vital component of clinical, educational, legal, and research documentation. Optimal acquisition of photographic data requires a dedicated photography studio or a three-dimensional anatomic scanner, both of which are financially impractical for most clinicians. Simplified photo standardization is proposed for use in random clinical settings by using a portable device called the Mirror Stand (MirS). This model device aims to mimic a studio environment by incorporating the basic elements of producing consistent photographs. The pilot MirS is designed for facial photography. Images of 40 random subjects were obtained using the MirS with three different cameras. Real anthropometric measurements of each subject were collected, compared with the photographic measurements, and analyzed. In this study, all three cameras produced equally reliable measurements. Actual facial measurements were comparable to the photogrammetric measurements obtained from photographs taken using the MirS. A constant formula was derived; it allowed the conversion of photographic values into real anthropometric values. The MirS produced consistent photographs with respect to the measurements. The photographs obtained could be translated reliably into their real anthropometric measurements. Therefore, the MirS can be applied in daily practice, providing an efficient alternative for obtaining a standard justifiable photograph.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.190-192
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• 2006

The clinical characteristics of photodamaged skin, such as coarse and fine wrinkle are not accurately evaluable with previous methods. Public awareness for wrinkle treatment and prevention which rely on proper assessment and evaluation of the underlying skin changes has been increased as the population ages. In this paper, we suggest an in-vivo method and instrument that allow us to acquire a wrinkle-enhanced image to improve the accuracy of quantitative and qualitative analysis for skin wrinkle. The method used involved white LED illumination and photography through polarizing filters. Finally, the polarized light photography yields an accurate and evaluable parameter of photodamaged skin, especially fine and coarse wrinkle.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.929-939
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• 2022

This case report determines the effects of Korean medicine treatment on a pontine hemorrhage with a cavernous malformation. In this study, Korean medicine treatments, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and moxibustion, were administered for 30 days. During the hospitalization period, evaluations were performed using the Scott and Kraft Scale, eye movement, 9-gaze photography, the House-Brackmann grading system, and Yanagihara's unweighted grading system on days 1, 12, and 30. The Scott and Kraft Scale increased from -4 to -2, while eye movement increased from 43.1% to 72.3%. The House-Brackmann grading system improved from 4 to 2, and Yanagihara's unweighted grading system increased from 13 to 31. We also discovered that the movement of the left eye was improved by 9-gaze photography. Our findings suggest that Korean medicine treatment has potential effects on esotropia and facial palsy caused by a pontine hemorrhage with a cavernous malformation.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2023

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare dental plaque scores obtained through clinical examinations and various imaging techniques, as well as to assess the effectiveness of herbal and conventional toothpastes for plaque removal. Materials and Methods: Thirty volunteers were divided into 3 groups. Each group was given a different toothpaste (from 2 herbal toothpastes and a conventional toothpaste) with which to brush their teeth for 21 days. Both initially and after brushing, dental plaque samples were collected, and plaque on the buccal surfaces of anterior teeth was scored using several imaging systems after staining with a disclosing agent. Specifically, digital dental photography, intraoral digital scanning, and FluoreCam imaging were employed to capture intraoral images. The Turesky Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index was used for clinical examination and image analysis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and correlational assessments between clinical examination and imaging scores were conducted before and after toothpaste use. The Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson correlations were utilized. Results: The lowest mean value was observed in the clinical examination without staining, while the highest was obtained using the FluoreCam method. No significant change was found in the level of any microorganism assessed following toothpaste use (P<0.05), with the exception of a decrease in S. mutans levels after using conventional toothpaste (P<0.05). Conclusion: Herbal toothpaste demonstrated plaque-removal effectiveness comparable to that of conventional toothpaste. The use of imaging methods for measuring plaque index has been suggested as a means to educate patients about plaque control and promote ongoing oral care.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.443-444
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• 2023

Point-of-care photography and photo sharing optimize patient outcomes and facilitate remote consultation imperative for resident surgeons. This literature review and external pilot survey study highlight the risks associated with current practices concerning patient privacy and biometric security. In a survey of 30 plastic surgeon residents and attendings, we found that the majority took photos of patients with their iPhones and shared them with colleagues via Apple iMessage. These findings corroborate previous reports and highlight a lack of physician user acceptance of secure photo-sharing platforms. Finally, we frame a successful example from the literature in the context of a postulated framework for institutional change. Prioritizing the privacy and safety of patients requires a strategic approach that preserves the ease and frequency of use of current practices.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2004

Objective: To carry out the oriental medical treatment on a patient with vitreous hemorrhage in the left eye caused by diabetic retinopathy and record the results of the treatment. Methods: 1. Diagnosis: Fundus photography, Colored paper, Dr. Hahn's standard test chart for 5M, Blood sugar measurement. 2. Treatment: Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, Indirect moxibustion, Western medicines, Oryoungsan(Crude drug preparations) Results: Oriental treatment using Ohaeng-acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, Indirect moxibustion resulted in the Unaided visual acuity of 0.1 while it used to be the left eye visual acuity with only light sense I month ago. Looking from Fundus photography result, progress was achieved and diabetic retinopathy was found to be in progress in fluorescein fundus angiography to right eye also by revisiting the patient after treatment. Conclusions: 1. Vitrectomy has many advantages but there are instances where patients do not recover their visual acuity due to complications. Therefore it is necessary to prove the effect oriental medical treatment through more cases in future. 2 For diabetic retinopathy patients, diabetes must be treated together with visual acuity.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical course of a patient with mixed hemorrhoids treated with Korean medicine alone. Methods: A patient visited for an mixed hemorrhoids was treated with Korean herbal medicine. The effects of the treatment were evaluated via photography of hemorrhoids and symptoms of pain, bleeding, prolapse, itching, discharge and Total Symptom Score(TSS). Results: After treatment, in photography before and after, the size of hemorrhoids was reduced and lost. Scores of Pain (4→0), bleeding (3→0), prolapse (3→2), itching (0→0), discharge (1→0) and TSS (11.5->3) were observed. Conclusion: In light of the reduced size of hemorrhoids and scores of symptoms, herbal medicine might be a possible treatment method on mixed hemorrhoids.