• 한국어병학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1991

오염도가 높은 하계 수영만의 환경인자와 대장균군과의 상관관계를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 용존산소는 수영강하구에서는 $0.54{\sim}1.71m{\ell}/{\ell}$인 빈 산소상태으며, COD는 최저 0.28ppm에서 최고 9.84ppm, 염분은 14.7% 에서 33.5% 였다. 영앙염류는 아질산염이 $0.13{\sim}20.49{\mu}g-at/{\ell}$, 질산염이 $0.98{\sim}50.32{\mu}g-at/{\ell}$, 암모니아가 $3.81{\sim}246.98{\mu}g-at/{\ell}$, 규산염은 $6.12{\sim}177.55{\mu}g-at/{\ell}$였다. 대장균군 분포는 강하구에서 $10^4{\sim}10^5/100m{\ell}$였고 외양으로 갈수록 감소되었다. 대장관군의 Type I 은 외양까지 출현율이 높았다. 대장균과 암모니아와의 상관관계는 0.629이었고, 염분, 용존산소와는 역상관 관계를 보여주고 있다. 이러한 결과는 유기물과 대장균과의 관계가 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 1998

득량만 해수에 대한 세균학적 수질을 평가하여 수출용 패류생산지정 해역수질에 합당한가를 파악함과 동시에 지표세균의 조성, 병원성 세균등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 득량만 해수의 세균학적 수질은 만 안쪽의 연동지선의 일부해역 (area IV)을 제외하고는 수출용패류의 생산해역의 수질기준에 합당하였다. 2. 대장균군의 최확수는 해수 100ml당 <\;3.0\~4600$의 범위였으며 230을 초과하는 시료의 비율은 $7.4\%$였고, 분변계대장균의 최확수는 $<\;30\~1,100$의 범위였으며 43을 초과하는 시료의 비율은 $8.5\%$로 한계치 $10\%$에 미달하였다. 3. 강우시에는 비강우시에 비하여 세균 오염도가 높았으며 특히 93mm의 강우가 있은 48시간 이후에도 비강우시의 $6\~7$배나 높은 세균오염도를 나타내었다. 4. 대장균군의 분류결과 Escherichia coli가 약 $54\%$나 되어 오염원의 주류가 분변오염임을 알 수 있었다 5. 살모넬라, 시겔라, 콜레라균 등 수인성 병원세균은 검출되지 않았다. 6. 병원성 비브리오균은 여름철인 $6\~8$월 사이에는 시료의 $15\~20\%$에서 양성으로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제6권3_4호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1973

우리가 즐겨 먹고 있는 생선회의 위생지표 세균의 오염도를 파악하고 나아가서 식품의 위생관리에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 1971년 3월부터 5월까지 부산시내 각종 음식점에서 손님에게 제공된 상태의 생선회 25종류를 수집하여 위생지표 세균인 대장균군, 분변계대장균, 분변계연쇄상구균, 장구균 및 일반생균수를 시험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. fecal streptococci나 enterococci MPN은 coliform group이나 fecal coliform MPN보다 매우 높았다. 2. 대장균군과 장구균의 중앙치는 각각 3,300, 5,400 이었으며 일반생균수의 중앙치는 $1.8\times10^5$이었다. 3, 분변계대장균 MPN 230이상인 것이 시료의 $52\%$였다. 4. 생선회의 위생지표 세균으로서는 장구균보다 분변계대장균이 보다 합리적이었다. 5. 일반적으로 생각하는 음식점의 우열과 세균 오염도는 일치하지 않았다. 6. 각 위생지표 세균과 일반생균수 사이에는 일정한 상관관계는 없었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.615-625
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• 2023

This study evaluated the bacteriological safety of seawater and abalone produced in Uisin-myeon, Jindo-gun from September 2020 to December 2022 and calculated the effect of inland pollution sources on seawater and abalone. We surveyed 33 stations for seawater, 4 stations for abalone, and 7 stations for discharge water of major inland pollutants. We analyzed the coliform group, fecal coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) as bacteria indicators. In 924 seawater samples, the geometric mean of the coliform group and fecal coliform were <1.8-5.6 MPN/100 mL and <1.8-2.7 MPN/100 mL, respectively. The estimated 90^th percentile range for the coliform group and fecal coliform were <1.8-42 MPN/100 mL and <1.8-8.4 MPN/100 mL, respectively. The fecal coliform and E. coli levels for 107 abalone were <18-460 MPN/100 g and <18-78 MPN/100 g respectively. Moreover, the analyzed standard plate count was <30-7,700 CFU/g. The fecal coliform level and diffusion area in 7 inland pollutants were <1.8-3,300,000 MPN/100 mL and 2-2,500 m, respectively. The bacteriological safety of seawater and abalone in Uisin-myeon, Jindo-gun, was demonstrated to be a designated area according to Korean standards, a conditionally approved area per US standards, and Class A according to EU standards.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1974

A study was carried out to find out the biological contamination of beaches in Korea from May 16, to June 2, 1972. Turbidity was measured and coliform groups were examined by membrane filter method as well as general sanitary condition of beaches. Main findings were as follows: 1. The average coliform group count was 5.0 per 100 ml of tested water, and the range of coliform. group count was 0~120 out of 8 beaches, Chungmun beach was found to be the least contaminated while Daechun was the most contaminated (23. 3/100 ml), however, those beaches surveyed. were satisfactory as far as bacteriological contaminations were concerned. 2. The average coliform group count of water samples from rising tides was 2.8/100 ml. The range of coliform count from rising tide was 0~26/100 ml, and those from receding were 1~120/100 ml. 3. The average turbidity of the water in Korean western beaches was 5.0 ppm, while that of Chejudo was 2.0 ppm. of 8 beaches surveyed, the turbidity of Daechon beach was the highest (7.0 ppm). 4. Out of 8 beaches surveyed shower facilities existed at only 4 beaches (50%), however the drainages of showers and bath rooms were not sanitarily adequate.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1983

부산시내에 산재하고 있는 70여개소의 약수터중 11개소를 선정하여 이들의 수질관리에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 1981년 10월부터 1982년 9월까지 132개 시료를 취하여 대장균군, 분편계대장균, 일반생균수 및 대장균군의 조성을 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 11개소의 대장균군 최확수의 중앙치는 구포가 93/100ml로 제일 높았고, 수영, 연산동, 성지곡이 68/100ml 우동과 대신동이 59/100ml, 전포동, 망미동은 43/100ml 영도, 동래가 33/100ml그리고 감만동이 13.3/100ml로 제일 낮았으며 이들 중 6개소가 50/100ml 이상이었다. 2. 분편계대장균 최확수의 중앙치는 영도가 12.1/100ml으로 제일 불결하였고, 수영을 비롯한 8개소는 9.1/100ml, 우동은 6.4/100ml이었으며 감만동이 제일 깨끗하였다. 3. IMViC 반응에 의한 대장균군의 조성은 Escherichia coli group이 $7.64\%$, Klebsiella aerogenes group이 $16.78\%$, Citrobacter freundii group이 $42.86\%$, 기타가 $32.72\%$로 나타났었다. 4. 일반생균수의 중앙치는 $48{\sim}4.4{\times10}^2/ml$의 넓은 분포로서 보사부(1963)의 수질기준에 절반 지역이 초과되었다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.53-62
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• 1990

There has been considerable organisms the most indicative of the sanitary quality of food products. Of the suggested indices of sanitary quality of foods are coliform organism and SPC. In addition to the usual index organisms on fish products it is also necessary to determining the sanitary quality The authors have tested with 282 fish products (spring : 39, summer : 109, autumn : 112, winter . 22) 1. The range of microbial organism in fish products are as follows Spring : SPC is $13{\times}10^3\; to\; 50{\times}10^8/g$, coliform group is $16{\times}10^2\; to\; 48{\times}10^8/g$ and 2. coli is 50 to $22{\times}10^4/100g$. Summer : SPC is 70 to$64{\times}10^9/g$. coliform group is 25 to $26{\times}10^8/g$ and E. coli is 20 to $22{\times}10^4/100g$. Autumn : SPC is $10{\times}10^3\; to\; 46{\times}10^8/g$, coliform group is 200 to $20{\times}10^5/g$ and E. coli is 20 to $22{\times}10^4/100g$. Winter : SPC is $30{\times}10^3\; to\;30{\times}10^8/g$. coliform group is $21{\times}10^2\;to\;16{\times}10^3/g$ and E. coli is 20 to 790/100g. Salmonella and Staphylococcus species were not in 282 fish products.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.817-826
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• 2008

Using high voltage electric fields induced by high voltage AC (10-12 kV/cm, 20 kHz) and pulsed (20-30 kV/cm, 40 Hz) electric field generator as a semipermanent and environment-friendly disinfecting apparatus, the disinfection effect of coliform group in the effluent of sewage plant was investigated. The effects of electric field strength, treatment time, discharge area of a discharge tube, water quality factors (electric conductivity, pH and SS) on its death rate were examined. The death rate of coliform group was increased with increasing electric field strength and treatment time. For AC and pulsed electric field generator, the critical electric field strength was 6 kV/cm and 2 kV/cm, respectively, and the critical treatment time was 5 min and 2 min, respectively, regardless of electric field strength. Comparing the death rate of coliform group by AC and pulsed electric fields used in this study, its death rate was higher for the latter than the former, but did not increase linearly with increasing electric field strength. The results obtained for the effects of discharge area, electric conductivity, pH and SS on the death rate of coliform group using AC electric field (12 kV/cm, 20 kHz) were as follows: its death rate showed the trend to increase linearly with increasing discharge area; for the effect of electric conductivity, its death rate was increased with increasing electric conductivity, regardless of ionic species, increased with increasing cationic valency, but was similar between the same cationic valency; the pH $5{\sim}9$ used in this study did not affect its death rate; its death rate was decreased with increasing SS concentration.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2016

Purpose : This study was designed to provide basic data of effective sanitization method of sprout vegetable for microbiological safety. Methods : Sanitization treatments were performed by dipping the sprout into chlorine and vinegar water. Microbial analysis were composed of the total plate count(TPC) and coliform group count(CGC). Result : Among chlorine water sanitization, the microbial reduction was largest in 100ppm chlorine water, and its TPC and coliform group count decreased to 6.01 log CFU/g and 5.06 log CFU/g. The effective dipping time in 100ppm chlorine water treatment was 5.97 log CFU/g and 5.91 log CFU/g for 30min and 60min, in which TPC were below the microbiological safety limits of 6.00 log CFU/g. Coliform group counts were decreased to 5.44, 5.46, 5.42 log CFU/g in the dipping the spouts for 30min, 60min and 90min. As a result of sanitizing alfalfa spout by vinegar water, a microbial counts tended to decrease with increasing concentration and the dipping time. The effective concentration of vinegar water was 2% for TPC(6.00 log CFU/g) and 1% for coliform group count(5.20 log CFU/g). With 1% vinegar water treatment, TPC became below the microbiological safety limits in all samples and in particular, the sample treated for 60min and 90min(4.93, 4.54 log CFU/g). While coliform group counts were decreased to 3.91 log CFU/g in the dipping the sprouts for 90min, those were still beyond the permitted limit. Conclusion : To secure the food safety of food service facilities including kindergarten feeding, it is considered that along with the systematic study of effective disinfection method for microbiological control at the preconditioning level of spout vegetable within the range of secured maleficence to human body, and the study regarding the measures to lower the initial microbiological pollution of spout vegetable.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.217-221
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• 1975

1975년 5월부터 10월까지 자리돔의 식품위생학적인 안전성을 검토하기 위하여 자리돔의 서식해수, 어획직후의 자리돔, 시판자리돔, 자리물회 및 자리무침 회의 일반세포수, coliform group MPN 및 parahaemolyticus의 유무를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다, 1) 서식해수의 일반세균수는 평균 $1.7\times10^2/ml$ 정도였고 coliform group MPN은 4/ml이하였다. 2) 어획직후의 자리돔은 일반세균수가 평균 $3.2\times10^3/g$였고 coliform group MPN은 300g이하였다. 3) 시판되고 있는 자리돔의 일반세균수는 8월 중순경에는 평균 $1.1\times10^6/g$ 9월중순경에는 $2.2\times10^6/g$ 였다. 4) 자리무침회 및 자리물회의 일반세균수는 각각 $1.1\times10^7/g,\;4.9\times10^5/g\~1.7\times10^7/g$였다. 5) 자리무침회와 자리물회에서는 V.purahamolyticus 균이 검출 되지 않았으나 서식해수와 자리돔에서는 V. parahaemolyticus 균이 검출 되었는데 식중독을 일으킬수 있는 균량은 아니였다. 5) 자리돔 및 각종 자리돔회의 일반세균수, coliform group MPN 및 V. parahaemolyticus는 8월과 9월에 오염도가 가장 높았다. 본 연구의 지도와 많은 조언을 주신 부산수산대학 식품공학료 최위경, 이강호, 이응호, 박사들과 실험을 도와 준 제주대거 이창환, 박철우, 이진영 제군에게 감사를 드리는 바이다.