• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

Objective : This study was to evaluate the effects of a Neurofeedback(NFB) and Computer Assisted Cognitive Rehabilitation(CACR) training to improve on cognition and affected arm function in stroke subjects. Methods : Participants were randomly allocated to three groups: NFB(n=14), CACR(n=14) and control(n=16). All groups received occupational therapy and physical therapy for 5 session 30 minutes per week during 6 weeks. Also NFB and CACR group practiced additional NeuroComp training and RehaCom training for 30 sessions 30 minutes during 6 weeks. Results were evaluated by cognition, affected arm function. Results : There were significantly increased by CACR training that outcomes of MMSE-K(p<.05). And there weren't significantly difference by NFB and CACR training that outcomes of the affected arm function. And a difference between three groups wasn't found. Conclusion : The NFB and CACR training improves cognitive function. These results suggest that NFB and CACR training is feasible and suitable for individuals with stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of computerized neurocognitive function program on cognitive function about memory and attention with stroke. Methods: 24subjects with stroke were recruited. Twelve of subjects received conventional therapy including physical therapy, occupational therapy and language therapy. Another subjects received additional computer assisted cognitive training using Computer-aided Cognitive rehabilitation training system(COMCOG, MaxMedica Inc., 2004). All patients were assessed their cognitive function of memory and attention using Computerized Neurocognitive Function Test(CNT, MaxMedica Inc., 2004) before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment. Results: Before the treatment, two groups showed no difference in cognitive function(p>0.05). After 6 weeks, two groups showed significantly difference in digit span (forward, backward), verbal learning(A5, $A1{\sim}A5$), auditory CPT(n), visual CPT(n)(p<0.05). After treatment, the experimental group showed a significant improvement of digit span(forward, backward), verbal learning(A5, $A1{\sim}A5$), visual span (forward, backward), auditory CPT(n, sec), visual CPT(n, sec), and trail-making (A, B)(p<0.05). Conclusion: Computerized neurocognitive function program would be improved cognitive function of memory and attention in patients with stoke.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2018

Local anesthesia is administered to control pain, but it may induce fear and anxiety. Root planing is a non-surgical periodontal therapy; however, when it is performed in an extensive manner, some tissue removal is inevitable. Notably, this removal may be so painful that local anesthesia is required to be administered to the area scheduled for the treatment. Although patients tend to accept root planing easily, they frequently express a fear of local anesthesia. Intraosseous anesthesia (IA) is an intraosseous injection technique, whereby local anesthetic is injected into the cancellous bone supporting the teeth. A computer-controlled IA system (CIAS) exhibits multiple benefits, such as less painful anesthesia, reduced soft tissue numbness, and the provision of palatal or lingual, as well as buccal, anesthesia via single needle penetration. In this report, we present two cases of root planing that were performed under local anesthesia, using a CIAS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate a study on the intervention of computerized cognitive rehabilitation applied to patients with dementia in Korea. Thus, a systematic discussion was conducted. Methods : Studies from January 2000 to December 2016 were searched in the Korea Education and Research Information Service. The main key words used were: "dementia," "computerized cognitive rehabilitation," "computerized cognitive training," "computer assisted cognitive therapy," and "computerized cognitive therapy." Result : A total of five studies were selected. The effects of the computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy applied to patients with dementia resulted in improved cognitive functions, as well as daily living and activities instrumental to daily living. There was also an increase in brain activity. The qualitative aspects of this study showed a low level of internal and external validities due to the small number of subjects, short period of intervention, and limited study environment. Conclusion : In the future, it is necessary to continue a study in which the level of evidence is high to determine whether various cognitive rehabilitation programs are effectively applied to patients with dementia.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.440-447
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• 2013

PURPOSE. Template-guided implant therapy has developed hand-in-hand with computed tomography (CT) to improve the accuracy of implant surgery and future prosthodontic treatment. In our present study, the accuracy and causative factors for computer-assisted implant surgery were assessed to further validate the stable clinical application of this technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 102 implants in 48 patients were included in this study. Implant surgery was performed with a stereolithographic template. Pre- and post-operative CTs were used to compare the planned and placed implants. Accuracy and related factors were statistically analyzed with the Spearman correlation method and the linear mixed model. Differences were considered to be statistically significant at $P{\leq}.05$. RESULTS. The mean errors of computer-assisted implant surgery were 1.09 mm at the coronal center, 1.56 mm at the apical center, and the axis deviation was $3.80^{\circ}$. The coronal and apical errors of the implants were found to be strongly correlated. The errors developed at the coronal center were magnified at the apical center by the fixture length. The case of anterior edentulous area and longer fixtures affected the accuracy of the implant template. CONCLUSION. The control of errors at the coronal center and stabilization of the anterior part of the template are needed for safe implant surgery and future prosthodontic treatment.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.410-427
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• 2023

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have provided novel tools for rapid and precise pathologic diagnosis. The introduction of digital pathology has enabled the acquisition of scanned slide images that are essential for the application of AI. The application of AI for improved pathologic diagnosis includes the error-free detection of potentially negligible lesions, such as a minute focus of metastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes, the accurate diagnosis of potentially controversial histologic findings, such as very well-differentiated carcinomas mimicking normal epithelial tissues, and the pathological subtyping of the cancers. Additionally, the utilization of AI algorithms enables the precise decision of the score of immunohistochemical markers for targeted therapies, such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and programmed death-ligand 1. Studies have revealed that AI assistance can reduce the discordance of interpretation between pathologists and more accurately predict clinical outcomes. Several approaches have been employed to develop novel biomarkers from histologic images using AI. Moreover, AI-assisted analysis of the cancer microenvironment showed that the distribution of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was related to the response to the immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, emphasizing its value as a biomarker. As numerous studies have demonstrated the significance of AI-assisted interpretation and biomarker development, the AI-based approach will advance diagnostic pathology.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.2 s.66
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• pp.57-69
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• 2006

For decades, scientists and clinicians have examined methods of measuring scalp hair growth. There has been a greater need for reliable, economical and minimally invasive means of measuring hair growth and, specifically, response to Oriental medicine therapy. We review the various methods of measurement described to date, their limitations and value to the clinician. In our opinion, the potential of computer-assisted technology in this field is yet to be maximized and the currently available tools are less than ideal. The most valuable means of measurement at the present time are global photography and phototrichogram-based techniques (with digital image analysis). Subjective scoring systems are also of value in the overall assessment of response to therapy and these are under-utilized and merit further refinement.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2023

Purpose : This study investigates the effectiveness of digital therapy for stroke patients in Korea. Methods : A comprehensive database search was performed using KCI, Science on, e-article, RISS, KISS and Korea OpenMed databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that studied the effects of digital therapy on patients who had a stroke. This study includes RCTs published from January 2000 to July 15, 2022, which fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total 697 studies were screened and 30 studies were included in the final analysis. Methodological quality was assessed with the Cochrane's RoB (risk of bias) tool. Meta-analysis was performed using CMA 4.0 software. Results : A total of 56 effect sizes were calculated from the 30 selected studies. As a result of the analysis, the overall effect size of digital therapy was .59 (95 % CI=.43-.74). When classified according to type of intervention, VR (virtual reality) (g=.58, 95 % CI=.40-.75), and CACR (computer assisted cognitive rehabilitation) (g=.62, 95 % CI=.30-.95) were statistically significant. VR showed medium to large effect sizes in cognitive function (g=.78, 95 % CI=.20-1.37), psychosocial function (g=.63, 95 % CI=.20-1.07), and physical function (g=.61, 95 % CI=.38-.83). In the CACR, there was a large effect size in cognitive function (g=.84, 95 % CI=.52-1.15), but there was no significant difference in psychosocial function. Also, there was no significant difference between the two interventions in activities of daily living and no significant difference in the effect size of both interventions according to the intervention session. Furthermore, medium to large effect sizes were found for subacute and chronic stroke patients according to the duration of disease. Conclusion : This study presents evidence that digital therapy has a positive effect on various functions of stroke patients in Korea. The researchers expect to actively accept the new paradigm of digital therapy and continue to apply digital therapy in clinical practice.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

Purpose: The advantages of ocular proton therapy are that it spares the optic nerve and delivers the minimal dose to normal surrounding tissues. In this study, it developed a solid eye phantom that enabled us to perform quality assurance (QA) to verify the dose and beam range for passive single scattering proton therapy using a single phantom. For this purpose, a new solid eye phantom with a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) wedge was developed using film dosimetry and an ionization chamber. Methods: The typical beam shape used for eye treatment is approximately 3 cm in diameter and the beam range is below 5 cm. Since proton therapy has a problem with beam range uncertainty due to differences in the stopping power of normal tissue, bone, air, etc, the beam range should be confirmed before treatment. A film can be placed on the slope of the phantom to evaluate the Spread-out Bragg Peak based on the water equivalent thickness value of PMMA on the film. In addition, an ionization chamber (Pin-point, PTW 31014) can be inserted into a hole in the phantom to measure the absolute dose. Results: The eye phantom was used for independent patient-specific QA. The differences in the output and beam range between the measurement and the planned treatment were less than 1.5% and 0.1 cm, respectively. Conclusions: An eye phantom was developed and the performance was successfully validated. The phantom can be employed to verify the output and beam range for ocular proton therapy.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2006

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy and tissue engineering, but their application has been impeded by lack of knowledge of their core biological properties. In order to identify MSC-specific proteins, the hydrophobic protein fraction was individually prepared from two different umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived MSC populations; these were then subjected to two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight (TOF)-mass spectrometry (MS). Although the 2D gel patterns differed somewhat between the two samples, computer-assisted image analysis identified shared protein spots. 35 spots were reliably identified corresponding to 32 different proteins, many of which were chaperones. Based on their primary sub-cellular locations the proteins could be grouped into 6 categories: extracellular, cell surface, endoplasmic reticular, mitochondrial, cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal proteins. This map of the water-insoluble proteome may provide valuable insights into the biology of the cell surface and other compartments of human MSCs.