• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.155-164
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare interrelations between primary headache (including migraine) and Iris Constitution through iris constitution examination. Methods : The subjects were 50 patients who admitted to Chonju Oriental Medicine Hospital attached to Wonkwang Univ. from February.1st.2004 to March.31th.2005. The subjects were constituted of primary headache(including migraine) patients who were examined by Iris Constitution analysis. Results & Conclusion : Among 50 cases of primary headache(including migraine) the distribution of Iris Constitution were as follows. 1. There were 14 cases of neurogenic type, 9 cases of abdominal connective tissue weakness type, 8 cases of cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 6 cases of neurogenic + abdominal connective tissue weakness type, 5 cases of neurogenic type+ cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 5 cases of abdominal connective tissue weakness type + cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 2 cases of hydrogenic type, 1 case of abdominal connective tissue weakness type + mesenchymal pathological connective tissue weakness constitution. 2. There were 25 cases of which included neurogenic constitution, 21 cases of which included abdominal connective tissue weakness constitution, 18 cases of which included cardio-renal connective tissue. Migraine have a meaningful interrelation with Iris constitution, especially with neurogenic type, abdominal connective tissue weakness type and cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type. 3. Interrelation between Region of migraine and Iris constitution is non-specific with the exception of interrelation between pain in all over head with neurogenic type. These results suggest that the further study in connection with these results should be followed. 4. The interrelation between the period of migraine and Iris constitution is not remarkable.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.475-489
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• 1997

Connective tissue massage(CTM, Bindegewebs massage) are developed and named by Mrs. Elizabeth Dicke, a German physical therapist. The CTM is used primarily for internal disorder such as myocarditis, coronary insufficiency, high blood pressure, functional stomach and intestinal disorders, inflamma-tion of the gallbladder, and hepatitis, arterial circulatory problems, venous disorders, headache, particularly trauma to the head, and some gynecologic disorder, etc. Which is performed with special stroking technique of the subcutaneous tissue of the trunk, extremities, and face. The mechanism of effectiveness of CTM is based on a viscerocutaneous reflex. The stroking stimulates the nerve end-ings of the autonomic nervous system. The impulses activated by stroking travel to the sympathetic trunk and the spinal cord and brain, which causes a change in reaction susceptibility. The most important for apply CTM is necessary to know the reflex zone (Head's zone, Mackenzie's zone and Dicke's connective tissue zone). Dicke's connective tissue zones are only found by the special dia-gnostic stroking. Because the connective tissue zones no discomfort when unmanipulated, and thus the patient is unaware of them. It is characterized by diagnostic stroking that causes a sharp pain in the tissue. As a general rule, all treatment are preceded by the basic stroke from the level of the coccyx to the first lumbar vertebra and each stroke is done three times. The right side is done first, then the left side.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.345-354
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• 2002

A Study of Clinical Application of the Connective Tissue Massage General massage is termed kneading and rubbing. It will bring the effect of blood volume and cardiovascular reaction. Connective tissue massage is a diagnostic and treatment method. But the general massage has not diagnostic aspect. Connective tissue massage techniques are stimulating and stretching the LCT, mast cell, collagenous fiber, fascia, skin, muscle and nerve tissue. Diagnostic aspects of connective tissue massage are visible investigation, manual investigation, and stroking on the reflex zone. CTM do stroking with 3, 4th finger tips on the whole body for the treatment.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.230-239
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• 2017

Root coverage can be an efficacious treatment not only in aspect of dental symptoms like root caries and hypersensitivity, but also in aspect of esthetic problem. There are several predictable methods for gaining a connective tissue attachment to an exposed root surface. Among them, this case report will deal with three cases using enamel matrix derivative and connective tissue graft to recover esthetic and physiological periodontal environment and its form. This case report deals with three patients with gingival recession which has occurred by different causes. They were treated with de-epithelialized graft accompanied by application of enamel matrix derivative. 6-12 months later, all three patients showed considerable root coverage and clinically stable condition of healing. In conclusion, within the limitation of this study, de-epithelialized connective tissue graft accompanied by application of enamel matrix derivative shows stable and clinical acceptable results in aspect of root coverage.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2004

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the relationship between iridological constitution and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 $\beta$) gene polymorphism. Methods : Iris constitution were diagnosed by automatic Iris analysis system, Bexel Irina(Korea). The blood was stored at - $20^{\circ}$... until it was ready to be extracted. The genomic DNA was extracted by inorganic procedure. The concentration of DNA was estimated by absorbance at 260 nm. The interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 $\beta$) gene polymorphism was detected by PCR amplification. Results & Conclusions : The author classified 166 individuals according to Iris constitution, and determined IL-1 $\beta$ genotype. The frequencies of Iris constitutions as follows : neurogenic type, 41 (24.7%); abdominal connective tissue weakness type, 53(31.9%); cardio-renal connective tissue weakness type, 50 (30.1%); the others type, 22 (13.3%). Especially, the frequency of abdominal connective tissue weakness type was significantly higher in err genotype than in the remaining constitutions. As a result, The author demonstrated the association among IL-1 $\beta$ genotype, IBD and Iris constitution.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1993

After periodontal surgery, the potential healing responses were occurred by interaction among junctional epithelium, gingival connective tissue, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. The only cell that created periodontal regeneration was derived from periodontal ligament. The aim of the study was to evaluate the regenerative effects of the collagen membrane($collacote^{\circ}C$) and autogenous connective tissure graft with periosteum. Experimental periodontitis were created in furcation area of 4 adult dogs with bone removal and gutta percha packing. After 6 weeks later, the gutta percha was removed and experiment was performed divided by 3 groups. 1) Flap operation(control group). 2) Flap operation with collage membrane(Experimental group I). 3) Flap operation with autogenous connective tissue graft with periosteum (Experimental group II). After dogs were sacrificed after two and three weeks, specimens were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and masson-trichrome stain for light microscopic study. The results were as follows : 1. In all gruoups, connective tissue compartments were increased from two to three weeks especially in experimental group I. 2. Collagen membrane and connective tissue were increased collagen deposits of periodontal ligament. Therefore collagen fiber attached to tooth surface was seen. 3. In al experimental groups, newly forming alveolar bone was seen. 4. Collagen membrane and connective tissue were which prevented proliferation of epithelium, aided connective tissue new attachment and influenced periodontal regeneration.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 1993

Anterior abdominal scintigraphy after intravenous injection of $^{99m}Tc$-human serum albumin ($^{99m}Tc$-HSA 20 mCi) was done in 16 patients with connective tissue diseases and 15 healthy control patients. Patients with proteinuria or hepatopathy were excluded. 1) 7 (44%) patients among 16 connective tissue disease patients without the apparent evidence of external protein loss showed abnormal intestinal accumulation of albumin. 6 patients with positive albumin scintigraphy showed bypoalbuminemia. 2) There was no false positive scintigraphic finding in control group. 3) The serum albumin level in connective tissue disease patients ($3.1{\pm}0.6 g/dl$, n=16) was lower than control patients ($3.9{\pm}0.3 g/dl$, n=15) (p<0.0001). 4) The serum albumin level was lower in connective tissue disease patients with positive $^{99m}Tc$-HSA scan ($2.8{\pm}0.6 g/dl$, n=7) than the connective tissue disease patients with negative scan ($3.3{\pm}0.3 g/dl$, n=9) (p<0.05). 5) The hemoglobin level in connective tissue disease patients with positive nan ($10.6{\pm}2.91 g/dl$) was lower than that of the control group ($13.6{\pm}1.5 g/dl$) (p<0.05). Mypoalbuminemia is frequently involved in chronic connective tissue diseases. Protein losing enteropathy (PLE) is also responsible for the majority of the bypoalbuminemia in these patients. But it has been ignored because the conventional method for the diagnosis of PLE was difficult to perform. $^{99m}Tc$-HSA scan also must be validated by more extended study and comparison with the quantitative study such as stool ${\alpha}-1$ antitrypsin measurement. There must be a reevaluation of PLE in various diseases especially in connective tissue diseases with easy, fast, economical, and non-invasive method.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.146-152
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• 1995

A mucogingival grafting procedure has been developed to cover denuded root surfaces. The subepithelial connective tissue graft is composed of a free connective tissue graft and an overlying pedicle graft. The source of connective tissue graft were trap door approach and thining of a full thickness palatal flap. The purpose of this study was compare a two different connective tissue obtaining method. In this study, where palatal pocket was present, pocket elimination was performed, and the tissue normally discarded after thinning of the palatal flap was used as a grafting material. The results were as follows : 1. The mean difference between trap door approach and thinning procedure for root coverage were $2.1{\pm}O.lmm$, $2.2{\pm}O.2mm$. 2. The mean difference between trap door approach and thinning procedure for pocket depth change were $O.2{\pm}O.lmm$, $O.2{\pm}O.2mm$. 3. The mean difference between trap door approach and thinning procedure for attachment gain were $2.1{\pm}O.2mm$, $2.4{\pm}O.2mm$. 4. The esthetics in recipient site, both color match and tissue contour, were acceptable to the patient in all cases. 5. Therefore, thinning procedure were similar to trap door approach in root coverage effect.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.121-132
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• 1995

Patients, who have gingival recession and complain of root sensitivity, or esthetic concerns, are candidates for root coverage. When free gingival grafting is used for complete root corverage, the results may not be entirely predictible unless the recession is shallow and narrow because a free gingival graft depends on collateral circulation from the lateral and apical parts of the recipient bed to survive over the avascular root. Various pedicle graft techniques can produce more esthetic results, but these procedures are only indicated when adequate donor tissues are available adjacent to the defect. This case report presents three cases for root coverage using the various connective tissue graft techniques. In the first case(Class III & IV), subepithelial connective tissue grafting was done and resulted in gingival coverage on the two-thirds of exposed root surface and blended with the adjacent tissue in color and texture. In the second case(Class I), connective tissue and partial thickness double pedicle graft resulted in complete coverage of denuded root surface. In the third case(Class I), recession was treated by supraperiosteal envelope technique. The root surface was covered completely and esthetically. Finally, the esthetics in both colors and tissue contours were acceptable to patients in all cases by the connective tissue grafting. However, in the case of the reduced interdental bone, the denuded root surfaces were hardly covered completely.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 1994

An essential fact in the regeneration of new periodontal tissue after periodontal therapy is the reattachment of collagen fibers to the tooth. Two phenomena play a fundamental role in preventing new connective tissue attachment to the exposed root surface ; 1) The apical migration of the junctional epithelium 2) The contamination of cementum by toxic substances, especially endotoxins. Authors have used rat submucosal implantation of root sections to study the connective tissue healing to periodontally diseaed root, previously planed and demineralized with citric acid and tetracycline- HCl. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The connective tissue attachment was increased in tetracycline, citric acid, non disease, scaling and root planing order and inflammatory reaction was seen in the rat teeth, no treatment group. 2. Collagen fiber attachment at the dentin surface was more increased than cementum surface 3. In 2 week of citric acid and tetracycline-HCl specimens, osteoid was seen near the fibrotic band. 4. In the MT view, collagen fiber formation was increased with time and the numerous collagen fiber and connective tissue was more densly attached to the tooth surfaces in the tetracycline-HCl group than the citric acid group.