• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide an effective construction project cost estimation tool for preparing a business plan of healthcare facilities which can be practically used for development projects. Methods: In order to provide a tool for calculating construction project costs, this study analyzed the Building and Related Laws, the Building Technology Promotion Laws, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport notifications and directives, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy notifications, the detailed guidelines of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, the Building Service Industry Promotion Acts, various certification standards, actual project budget calculation cases, etc. with advices from related experts. Results: 1) Construction cost is classified into construction costs, architectural design costs, supervision costs, incidental costs, and each sub-element. In particular, since there are many incidental cost items, essential items to be reviewed during planning are derived and costs are calculated according to appropriate consideration criteria. 2) Criteria for Payment calculation mainly applies the construction cost rate method or the actual cost fixed amount method in consideration of the characteristics and scope of work. Implications: There are many calculation factors that need to be applied to the construction project cost. Therefore, it is necessary to organize the calculation process more clearly.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.184-189
• /
• 2009

In 2008 the total estimated failure costs in the Netherlands was estimated to be 11.4% of the industry's turnover compared to 7.7% seven years earlier. Failure costs can be the consequence of rework as a result of failure to conform to the product requirements and specifications or due to inefficient processes and bad management practices. Many construction companies however are unaware of the exact nature of these costs, their root causes or how to control them. This paper describes work carried out in the Netherlands to identify the different types of failure costs in construction and their root causes. The research described builds on previous findings by another research institution and expands it to include information collected from project cases and a survey of a number of project managers in the construction industry. The paper describes the analysis of the results from cases and the survey to identify the root causes of failure costs. Research shows, for example, that many failure costs are related to the client taking late decisions and making changes to the project requirements.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제7권6호
• /
• pp.202-211
• /
• 2006

Rework in the construction industry can adversely affect project cost and schedule performance. Based on direct rework costs recorded on 359 construction projects, this paper presents an assessment of the magnitude of rework by various types of projects and sources of rework. The results from this paper establish that on average 4.5% and 2.5% of actual construction costs were spent on rework for owner and contractor projects, respectively. Furthermore, this paper determines that the direct rework costs differ by project types and sources of rework. Finally, it permits the development of rework reduction initiatives. By quantifying and recognizing the different magnitude of rework, the industry can be aware of the waste from rework and develop effective plans for managing rework, ultimately improving project cost performance.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
• /
• pp.168-175
• /
• 2011

Construction accidents are major problem in Turkish Construction industry and especially fatally rates are very high. Current legislative system on occupational safety in Turkey enforces employers to implement safety measures as well as safety management systems. However level of consciousness in the industry is unsatisfactory and safety are perceived as extra cost and unnecessary expenditure. Moreover, especially in small residential building constructions which have a big share in the industry and unfortunately safety measures to mitigate or abate construction risks do not exist. The study focuses on small residential building construction sites and in the scope of this study, thirty building projects are examined. For each building project, project cost including labour and material costs, service and consultancy costs for mechanical, electrical systems as well as architectural and structural services, costs for supervision and finally general expenditures for construction site facilities were calculated. On the other hand, occupational safety costs for personal protective equipment, collective protective measures, consultancy and training were determined. Work breakdown structures were established and for each work item firstly occupational risks were evaluated and furthermore according to risk scores safety measures to be implemented were defined and related costs were calculated. The study gave results for total safety cost on average, in terms of percentage of total project cost (3.73% of total project cost), safety cost per man-hour (0.40 USD) and safety cost in terms of unit construction area (11.60 USD per square meter). Since safety management is a part of whole project management process, study gives suggestions and techniques to calculate safety costs and implement safety measures as a part of project management service for professionals. Authors believe that suggested approach may easily developed by the usage of more data to establish a model for estimation not only for building construction sites but also for all construction projects.

• 동아시아경상학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2024

Purpose: A railroad project is a complex system with large construction costs in the initial stage and ongoing operating costs over its lifecycle. Current railroad projects tend to be based on construction options, which leads to huge deficiencies in operating costs. This phenomenon results from a lack of appropriate tools to accurately estimate a railroad project's lifecycle costs. This study attempts to analyze the major components of railroad operating costs and to propose a decision-making system for analyzing the long-term lifecycle costs of railroad projects. Research design, data and methodology: We review the literature and analyze the current status of railroad operating costs in Korea and overseas. Based on previous projects, a framework for project options and operating costs is proposed. The framework is applied to actual railroad projects to demonstrate the validity of the model. Results: Case analysis shows that our framework is comprehensive in analyzing the primary aspects of railroad operating costs and plays an effective role in choosing various railroad project options. This study points out that the railway project operates inefficiently because estimating long-term costs without reflecting specific project options causes many errors. Conclusions: A major contribution of this study is the development of an improved framework for accurately estimating operating costs and providing policymakers and engineering firms with a holistic decision support system. Detailed components in estimating operating costs of the railroad business are discussed. And we present a decision-making tool that policymakers and private businesses can use in planning the railroad business.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.239-248
• /
• 2007

In the highly competitive construction industry, a slight inaccuracy of estimation can easily cause the loss of a project. Erroneous experience-based cost estimates or allocations of on-site supervisory manpower often offset the profit gained from the project and may jeopardize the management processes. To counter these types of problems, we develop a model using mathematical analysis and case-based reasoning to automate the allocation of on-site supervisory manpower and estimate construction site costs. The method is founded upon laborious data collection processes and analysis by matching statistical assumptions, and is applicable to construction projects. In the modeling the costs and allocation of on-site supervisory manpower are quantified for both owners and contractors before initiating or bidding on the projects. The findings confirm that the degree of variation of the model predictions has an accuracy rate at 88.47%. Single-site construction projects can be accurately predicted and the assignment of supervisory manpower feasibly automated.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2023

건설 프로젝트의 초기단계에서 공사비를 정확하게 예측하는 것은 프로젝트를 성공적으로 수행하기 위해 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 ANFIS 모델을 활용하여 건설프로젝트의 초기단계에 건축공사비를 예측할 수 있는 모델을 제시하였다. 모델의 활용도를 높이기 위해 공개된 공사비 데이터를 활용하였으며 프로젝트 초기단계의 제한된 정보를 바탕으로 예측할 수 있는 모델을 제시하고자 하였다. ANFIS와 관련된 기존 연구를 분석하여 최근의 동향을 파악하였으며 ANFIS의 기본 구조를 고찰한 후 건축공사비 예측을 위한 ANFIS 모델을 제시하였다. ANFIS의 모델의 소속함수의 종류와 개수에 따라 달라지는 예측 성능을 분석하여 가장 성능이 우수한 모델을 제시하였으며, 대표적인 기계학습 모델의 예측 정확도와 비교분석하였다. 적용결과 ANFIS 모델을 다른 기계학습 모델과 비교한 결과 동등 이상으로 성능을 나타내 프로젝트 초기단계 공사비 예측에 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.130-139
• /
• 2007

This paper presents a study on risk analysis in terms of contractor's costs in construction phase in which Crystal ball (software of Decisioneering, UK) has been utilized as a main tool. To realize it, a questionnaire survey has been carried out to identify the dominant factors that strongly influence contractor costs in Vietnam. Based on results of questionnaire investigation, the survey identified three factors which were duration of each construction task, costs of reinforcing steel, and cement. Then a spreadsheet model was created in order to analyze risks. The study also indicates that the cost of reinforcing steel and cement are the cause of risks for contractors. According to the suggested model, contractors may foresee the probability of completion within the approved budget, and the possibility of earning in accordance with owner's payment conditions.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2007

In real world, the project managers handle conflicting goals that govern the use of resources within the stipulated time and budget with required quality and safety. These conflicting goals are required to be optimized simultaneously by the project managers in the framework of fuzzy aspiration levels. The fuzzy linear programming model proposed herein helps project managers to minimize total project costs, completion time, and crashing costs considering indirect costs, contractual penalty costs etc by practically charging them in terms of direct cost of the project. A case study of bituminous pavement under construction is considered to demonstrate the feasibility of applying the proposed model for optimization of project parameters. Consequently, the proposed model yields an efficient compromise solution and the decision maker's overall degree of satisfaction with multiple fuzzy goal values. Additionally, the proposed model provides a systematic decision-making framework, enabling decision maker to interactively modify the fuzzy data and model parameters until a satisfactory solution is obtained. The significant characteristics that differentiate the proposed model with other models include, flexible decision-making process, multiple objective functions, and wide-ranging decision information.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.518-527
• /
• 2012

This study uses a hybrid estimation tool for effective cost data management of building projects, and develops a realistic cost estimation model. The method makes use of newly available information as the project progresses, and project cost and percentage progress are analyzed and used as inputs for the developed system. For model development, case-based reasoning (CBR) is proposed, as it enables complex nonlinear mapping. This study also investigates analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for weight generation and applies them to a real project case. Real case studies are used to demonstrate and validate the benefits of the proposed approach. By using this method, an evaluation of actual project performance can be developed that appropriately considers the natural variability of construction costs.