• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1364-1368
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the inhibiton effects of Coprinus comatus ethanol extract of edible mushroom on liver damage in benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) treated mice. The activities of serum aminotransferase, cytochrome P 450 and hepatic content of lipid peroxide after B(a)P treatment were increased than those of control, but those levels were significantly decreased by the treatment of Coprinus comatus ethanol extract. Whereas, the hepatic glutathione content and glutathione S transferase activity were decreased by B(a)P treatment than those of control, but those were increased by the treatment of Coprinus comatus ethanol extract. Also the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase after B(a)P treatment were markedly increased than those of control, but those levels were decreased by the treatment of Coprinus comatus ethanol extract. These results suggest that Coprinus comatus ethanol extract have a protective effect on liver damage by benzo(a)pyrene through the mechanisms of decreasing lipid peroxide and activities of free radical generating enzymes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.452-457
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• 1999

The inhibitory effect of Coprinus comatus on the mutagenicity in Salmonella assay system and SOS chromotest were studied. In Ames test, the ethanol and water extracts and the cultured mycelia fractions of Coprinus comatus did not show any mutagenicity, but the Coprinus comatus ethanol extracts showed inhibitory effects of 8 0∼90% on the mutagenicity induced by indirect mutagen of benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P) and aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The antimutagenic effect increased with increasing concentration of the ethanol extract toward N methyl N' nitro N nitrosoguanidine(MNNG). However, the water extracts inhibited about 40∼50% against direct and indirect mutagen. The cultured mycelial filtrate of Coprinus comatus, the fractionⅡ, showed antimutagenic effect of 90% on MNNG and 25∼50% on B(a)P and AFB1. In SOS chromotest, the ethanol extracts of Coprinus comatus showed antimutagenic effect of 65∼81% on SOS function induced by 4 NQO, and the cultured mycelia fractionⅡ showed low inhibitory effect of 20∼50%.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to acquire basic data regarding the mycelial growth characteristics for the artificial cultivation of Coprinus comatus. 12 URP primers were employed to evaluate the genetic relationships of C. comatus, and the results were divided into three groups. Among six kinds of mushroom media, MYP medium was selected as the most favorable culture medium for C. comatus. The optimal temperature and pH ranges for the mycelial growth of C. comatus were $23{\sim}26^{\circ}C$ and pH 6${\sim}$8, respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources for optimal mycelial growth were sucrose and tryptone, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2017

An inky cap, Coprinus comatus synthesizes and secretes a laccase in the liquid yeast extract peptone dextrose medium. We have successfully purified the enzyme through the ion-exchange chromatography and the preparative gel electrophoresis. The estimated molecular weight was 67 kDa by the SDS-PAGE analysis. Optimum pH was pH 4.3 and optimum temperature was $25^{\circ}C$. The Km value was 0.45 mM and the Vmax was 0.0132 OD/min/unit for o-tolidine. Purified laccase showed 49.3% decolorizing activity against remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) and 41.6% decolorizing activity against Poly R-478 after 12 h incubation.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 1978

Present experiments were conducted to determine the possibility of cultivation of 9 edible wild species selected among the higher fungi growing in Korea. In the investigation on the mycelial growth according t6o the different media, the mycelial growth of Coprinus comatus was fast on the CSA medium, when malt extract was added to the basal medium PSA, the mycelial of Lapista nuda and Auricularia auricula-judae was fast in growth and density. In the spawning, the mycelial growth of Pholiota squarrosa on the oak tree's sawdust, Pleurotus cornucopiae on the broad-leaves' sawdust, and Coprinus comatus on the compost was respectably fast and also it shown to be possibility of artificial cultivation owing to their carporphore budding when Coprinus comatus and Lepiota alborubescens cultivated on the rice straw, Auricularia auriculajudae and Pleurotus cornucopiae on the sawdust of the popla and Pholiota squarrosaon the sawdust of the oak tree.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2008

To develop artificial cultivation and improve some problems such as auto-lysis on commercialization of Coprinus comatus that has been known edible and medicinal mushroom, they were conducted for selection of superior strain, suitable culture methods for mycelial growth and fruiting, and morphological characteristics of fruit body. Strain CM 980301 of Coprinus comatus was selected as a superior strain for artificial cultivation. Wheat grain and rice straw full-grown compost media were most effective for preparation of spawn and artificial cultivation of C. comatus, respectively. Spawn running of Coprinus spp. on the rice straw full-grown compost media required to be 15 days from 24 to $28^{\circ}C$. The casing layer incubation before initiation of fruit body formation, required for 13 days at same temperature for spawn running. And then require $10{\sim}11$ days for initiation and $7{\sim}8$ days for development of fruit body from 20 to $24^{\circ}C$. The fruit body of strain CM 980301 was harvested within a week from initiation of primordium formation. The hardness of pileus and stipe that were harvested in optimal stage showed 102 to 169, and 128 to $182\;g/cm^2$, respectively. Yields of srain CM 980301 from the rice straw full-grown compost media was $37.7kg/3.3m^2$. Weight of individual fruit body was 17.9 g in average.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.27-31
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• 1999

The internal transcribed spacer II regions (ITS II) of the ribosomal DNA gene repeat from Coprinus spp. were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Sequences from 11 species including Coprinus comatus, C. atramentarius, C. micaceus, C. lagopus, C. cinereus, C. rhizophorus, C. flocculosus, C. radians, and C. echinosporus were compared. The spacer regions of them were $253{\sim}275$ nucleotide in length and partially contained 5.8S and 25S. The reciprocal homologies of each ITS II sequence among these strains were in the range of $50.6{\sim}100%$. According to the analysis of ITS II sequences, Coprinus spp. were classified into three clusters. Cluster I consisted of Coprinus lagopus, C. cinereus, C. echinosporus, C. rhizophorus, C. niveus, and C. atramentarius. Cluster II comprised C. micaceus, C. flocculosus, C. radians, and C. disseminatus. On the other hand C. comatus is in Cluster III even though this species is belonging to the section Coprinus in morphological aspect. These results suggest that Coprinus comatus, which was considered as a type species of the genus Coprinus in morphological classification, gives a doubt of monophyletic evolution and is assumed to be paraphyletic or polyphyletic.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.4 s.91
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• pp.274-279
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• 1999

The internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS) of the ribosomal DNA gene repeat from Coprinus and Psathyrella spp. were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Sequences from 11 species including Coprinus comatus, C. atramentarius, C. micaceus, C. cinereus, C. rhizophorus, C. radians, C. echinosporus, C. disseminatus, Psathyrella candolleana, P. spadiceogrisea and Stropharia rugosoannulata were compared. The spacer region I and II were $258{\sim}301\;bp\;and\;253{\sim}275\;bp$ in length respectively and partially contained 17S, 5.8S and 25S. The reciprocal homologies of ITS sequences among these strains were in the range of $43.9{\sim}96.0%$. According to the analysis of ITS sequences, Coprinus and Psathyrella spp. were classified into three clusters. Cluster I consisted of Coprinus lagopus, C. cinereus, C. echinosporus, C. rhizophorus, and C. atramentarius. Cluster II comprised C. micaceus, C. radians, C. disseminatus, Psathyrella candolleana, and P. spadiceogrisea. On the other hand C. comatus is in Cluster III with Stropharia rugosoannulata even though this species is belonging to the section Coprinus in morphological aspect. These results suggest that taxonomic position of Psathyrella would better be inculded in genus Coprinus. Coprinus comatus, the type species of Coprinus, gives a doubt on monophyletic evolution and is assumed to be paraphyletic or polyphyletic.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 1979

To investigate constituents of Strobilomyces floccopus (Fr.) Karst. and Coprinus comatus (Fr.) S. F. Gray, free and total amino acids of the two mushrooms were quantitatively analyzed by G. L. C. and an amino acid analyzer. Free amino acids were extracted from both mushrooms with ethanol. Fourtenn free amino acids were detected from the ethanol extract of S. floccopus and fifteen free amino acids from C. comatus by G. L. C. And the dry carphopores of both mushrooms were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and then the total protein amino acids were analyzed by A. A. A. Seventeen total amino acids were detected from each acid-hydrolysate of S. floccopus and C. comatus. Lipids were extracted from the carpophores of S. floccopus and saponified with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The isolated sterols were subjected to G. L. C. and two sterols were detected. The isolated free fatty acids were methylated with diazomethane and subjected to column chromatography and G. L. C. Eleven saturated and nine unsaturated free fatty acids were detected from the carpophores of S. floccopus. The presence of these nutrient components shows that the two mushrooms can be utilized as edible ones.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2014

The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-obesity effect of Coprinus comatus (CC) in high-fat diet-fed Zucker rat (fa/fa). Obesity was induced by feeding on high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% kcal fat for 10 weeks, in which CC extracts were administrated through the gastrointestinal tract at a concentration of 200 mg/kg BW/day for 10 weeks. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of CC extracts were found to be $18.5{\pm}1.1mg$ of catechin equivalent/g, and $5.24{\pm}0.54mg$ of quercetin equivalent/g extract, respectively. The DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of CC extracts were 15.34 %, 17.25%, and 16.18%, respectively. In animal study, CC administration significantly reduced the body weight, while there were no significant differences in the daily food intake between the HFD-fed Zucker rats and HFD plus CC-fed rats. CC treatment decreased epididymal and perirenal fat weights in HFD-fed Zucker rats. Significant decreases in the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the serum and liver were observed in the CC-treated group compared with HFD-fed Zucker rats. Serum HDL-cholesterol levels in the CC-treated group were increased compared with the HFD-fed groups. Serum AST and ALT activities in the CC group were significantly lower than those of the HFD-fed group. Taken together, these data demonstrated that CC has potential in preventing high-fat diet induced obesity and is a good candidate for an anti-obesity agent.