• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37A권11호
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• pp.937-942
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• 2012

인지무선 통신 시스템에서는 2차 사용자가 1차 사용자의 주파수 대역 점유 여부를 판단하는 스펙트럼 센싱을 수행한다. 실제 인지무선 통신 시스템에서는 센싱 구간 동안 1차 사용자 신호가 임의로 중간에 들어오거나 나가는 통화량이 많은 상황이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 통화량이 많은 상황에 알맞은 cyclostationarity 기반 스펙트럼 센싱 기법을 제안한다. 또한, 모의실험을 통해 제안한 cyclostationarity 기반 검출 기법이 기존의 통화량이 많은 상황을 위한 에너지 검파 기법 및 통화량이 많은 상황을 고려하지 않은 cyclostationarity 기반 검출 기법보다 우수한 센싱 성능을 가짐을 보인다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권7C호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 위성항법 시스템에서 (global navigation satellite system: GNSS) 사용되는 이진 옵셋 반송파(binary offset carrier: BOC) 신호 상관함수의 주변 첨두 때문에 발생하는 신호 획득 문제에 대해 소개한다. 우선 BOC 신호의 상관함수를 분석하여 상관함수의 주변 첨두가 불규칙한 형태를 갖는 부 상관함수들의 결합을 통해 형성된다는 점을 관찰하며, 관찰 결과를 바탕으로 cyclostationarity를 지니는 부 상관함수들의 재조합에 기반을 둔 신호 획득 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 모든 BOC 신호에 적용되어 주변 첨두를 완벽히 제거할 수 있으며, 모의실험을 통해 제안한 기법이 기존의 기법들에 비해 더 나은 평균 신호 획득 시간 (mean acquisition time: MAT) 성능을 제공함을 보인다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 1998년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.420-423
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• 1998

최근 이동 통신이나 위성통신과 같은 많은 디지털 통신 시스템에서 시스템의 용량을 증가시키고 인접 채널간 간섭을 줄이기 위해 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 그 중에서 어레이 빔 형성 기법에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 원하는 신호의 입사방향을 모르더라도 정상 동작이 가능한 블라인드 빔 형성 기법 중에서 신호의 cyclostationarity를 이용한 방법을 사용하여 원하는 사용자 신호의 cyclic 주파수만큼 천이된 신호와 수신신호 사이의 상호상관 행렬을 구하고 이를 이용하여 계수벡터를 구하는 알고리즘을 제시한다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

In this paper, the transmission of an improper-complex second-order stationary data sequence is considered over a strictly band-limited frequency-selective channel. It is assumed that the transmitter employs linear modulation and that the channel output is corrupted by additive proper-complex cyclostationary noise. Under the average transmit power constraint, the problem of minimizing the mean-squared error at the output of a widely linear receiver is formulated in the time domain to find the optimal transmit and receive waveforms. The optimization problem is converted into a frequency-domain problem by using the vectorized Fourier transform technique and put into the form of a double minimization. First, the widely linear receiver is optimized that requires, unlike the linear receiver design with only one waveform, the design of two receive waveforms. Then, the optimal transmit waveform for the linear modulator is derived by introducing the notion of the impropriety frequency function of a discrete-time random process and by performing a line search combined with an iterative algorithm. The optimal solution shows that both the periodic spectral correlation due to the cyclostationarity and the symmetric spectral correlation about the origin due to the impropriety are well exploited.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권7C호
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• pp.672-679
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• 2006

Cognitive radio, which is designed to dynamically adapt its transmission to the environments, is believed to be one of the fundamental techniques for future spectrum utilization. As the first step of cognitive radio, spectrum sensing is treated as the most important technique, through which cognition is well explained. In this paper, we propose a spectral correlation based detection method for spectrum sensing. An unlicensed secondary user system operating in TV broadcast bands is taken as an example. Based on the cyclostationarity of communication signals, spectral correlation function is used to minimize the effect of random noise and interference. Energy measurement and peak detection based criteria are proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed detection method outperforms the energy detection and is more suitable for spectrum sensing in cognitive radios.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.600-612
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• 2014

In this paper, we consider the problem of spectrum sensing for advanced television systems committee (ATSC) digital television (DTV) signal detection. To exploit the cyclostationarity of the ATSC DTV signals, we employ spectral correlation density (SCD) as the decision statistic and propose an optimal detection algorithm. The major difficulty is in obtaining the probability distribution functions of the SCD. To overcome the difficulty, we probabilistically model the pilot frequency location and employ Gaussian approximation for the SCD distribution. Then, we obtain a practically implementable detection algorithm that outperforms the industry leading systems by 2-3 dB. We also propose various techniques that greatly reduce the system complexity with performance degradation by only a few tenths of decibels. Finally, we show how robust the system is to the estimation errors of the noise power spectral density level and the probability distribution of the pilot frequency location.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2013

This paper addresses the issue of time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) estimation for complex noncircular signals. First, under the wide-sense stationary assumption, we derive the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator and the Cramer-Rao lower bound for Gaussian noncircular signals in Gaussian circular noise. The ML estimator uses the second-order statistics information of a noncircular signal more comprehensively when compared with the cross-correlation (CC) and the conjugate CC estimators. Further, we present a scheme to modify the traditional signal-selective TDOA methods for noncircular signals on the basis of the cyclostationarity of man-made signals. This scheme simultaneously exploits the information contained in both the cyclic cross-correlation (CCC) and the conjugate CCC of a noncircular signal.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.2763-2782
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• 2014

In this paper, a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed for cyclostationary multi-antenna spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems, which takes into account the cyclic autocorrelations obtained from all the receiver antennas and the cyclic cross-correlations obtained from all pairs of receiver antennas. The proposed GLRT employs a different hypotheses problem formulation and a different asymptotic covariance estimation method, which are proved to be more suitable for multi-antenna systems than those employed by the $Dandawat{\acute{e}}$-Giannakis algorithm. Moreover, we derive the asymptotic distributions of the proposed test statistics, and prove the constant false alarm rate property of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulations are conducted, showing that the proposed GLRT can achieve better detection performance than the $Dandawat{\acute{e}}$-Giannakis algorithm and its extension for multi-antenna cases.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.162-171
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• 2014

Spectrum sensing is a key technical challenge for cognitive radio (CR). It is well known that multicycle cyclostationarity (MC) detection is a powerful method for spectrum sensing. However, a conventional MC detector is difficult to implement because of its high computational complexity. This paper considers reducing computational complexity by simplifying the test statistic of a conventional MC detector. On the basis of this simplification process, an improved MC detector is proposed. Compared with the conventional detector, the proposed detector has low-computational complexity and high-accuracy sensing performance. Subsequently, the sensing performance is further investigated for the cases of Rayleigh, Nakagami-m, Rician, and Rayleigh fading and lognormal shadowing channels. Furthermore, square-law combining (SLC) is introduced to improve the detection capability in fading and shadowing environments. The corresponding closed-form expressions of average detection probability are derived for each case by the moment generation function (MGF) and contour integral approaches. Finally, illustrative and analytical results show the efficiency and reliability of the proposed detector and the improvement in sensing performance by SLC in multipath fading and lognormal shadowing environments.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권1C호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 OFDM 시스템의 시간 오차와 주파수 오차를 추정하는 방안을 제시하고 있다. 제안한 동기 알고리즘은 수신 신호의 순환상괸(cyclic correlation)을 이용하며, 이 순환상관에는 시간과 주파수 오차 정보가 모두 나타나게 된다. 따라서 제안하는 추정 알고리즘은 여분의 학습심볼(training symbol)를 필요로 하지 않으며, 채널의 정보를 사용하지 않는다. 제안한 추정 방법은 평균자승오차(mean square error) 성능에서 잡음이나 채널의 특성에 상관없이 거의 일정한 성능을 가지며, 실험 결과는 이러한 특징을 뒷받침 해주고 있다. 좀 더 정확한 추정을 위해서, 순환 상관을 평균을 취하는 방법이 적용되었다. 이 경우, 평균을 취하는 방법은 평균을 취하지 않는 방법보다 훨씬 더 정확한 추정을 가능하게 한다.