• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.499-504
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• 2002

In this paper, we analyzed the performance of FH/CPFSK system with differential detection in thermal noise, partial-band jamming noise and adjacent interference of all eight bit pattern. The parameters to analize performances of FH/CPFSK system have been used the bit rate, modulation index and performances of FH/CPFSK system with the differential detector have been presented with the optimum correlation function. And, we were compared with performance of FH/CPFSK and FH/BFSK system. In result, we could know that bit error probability of the approximation equation and exact equation nearly accorded in the high signal-to-noise ratio. And, we have been proved that FH/CPFSK system with differential detection according to jamming fraction ${\gamma}$ was worst to 3dB than FH/CPFSK system with limiter-discriminator. but was superior to 2dB than FH/BFSK.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.1186-1193
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• 2000

In this paper, the system performance with the selection diversity, which is applied to the FH/MFSK system in Nakagami fading channel, is analyzed. The deletion probability is derived from the received signal to noise ratio(SNR) after selection combining and the parameters such as the number of users(M), SNR, Nakagami fading figure(m), and the number of diversity branches(D) is used for the performance analysis of the FH/MFSK system. Assuming that m set 1, it is observed that the bit error rate(BER) is 1.0$\times$$10^{-3}$ and 1.0$\times$$10^{-4}$ at D =1(no diversity) and D=2, respectively, and then is decreased by 10 times. Assuming that m set 2, it is also shown that the BER has a constant value although D is increased. In the case of D=2, the system capacity is more 75% and 20% than that considering no diversity at SNR=15 dB and 25 dB, respectively.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.171-178
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum FH185 on the reduction of adipocyte size and gut microbial changes in mice with diet-induced obesity. The strain was found to have a lipase inhibitory activity of 70.09±2.04% and inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (18.63±0.98%) at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. To examine the effect of the strain supplementation on gut microbial changes in mice with diet-induced obesity, male C57BL/6J mice were fed on four different diets (i.e., A, normal diet (ND); B, high-fat diet (HFD); C, HFD with ABT-3 (10⁹ CFU/day); and D, HFD with L. plantarum FH185 (10⁹ CFU/day)) for 6 wk. According to the results of fecal pyrosequencing, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in groups C and D was lower than in the control groups at the phylum level. At the family level, Lactobacillaceae in groups C and D was observed to dominate, while Lachnospiraceae in groups A and B was observed to dominate. At the genus level, Lactobacillus in groups C and D was comparatively higher than in groups A and B. To examine the effects of strain supplementation on the reduction of adipocyte size, the left and right epididymal fat pads were quickly isolated after the animals were sacrificed, and the adipocyte sizes were measured. In groups A, C and D, the percentage of 2,000 m² of adipocyte was higher than in the other size of adipocyte, while the percentage of over 5,000 m² of adipocyte was highest in group B. The mean adipocyte size of group D was significantly larger than that of group A, but smaller than that of group B.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.135-144
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• 1993

The purpose of this experimental research was focused to improve the quality of the effluent and the yielded sludge when the papermill wastewater was treated by the indirect aerated submerged biofilter as a second treatment method of papermill wastewater. Changing the various experimental factors (Nutrient additions or not, HRT, Fh ratio, recirculation ratio, etc) with indirect aerated submerged biofilter, the results are as follows. 1) because of the microbes concentration could be sustained to 9, oho man in submerged biofilter and then the volumetric organic loads could be increased to 2.7 kg-BOD/$m^3$<\TEX>/day, the reactor volume can be reduced. 2) Because of the yield coefficient(Y) and the endogenous decay coefficient(kd) were revealed 0.4 and 0.07/d, the yielded sludge volume was reduced. 3) The concentration of the sloughed sludge in the reactor was 2.62~4.01 %, so the thickener could be omited in the papermill wastewater sludge treatment process. 4) When the operating was conducted at HRT of 4hrs, the treatment efficiencies of BOD and COD were obtained 80% and 70%. 5) The range of the theoretical recirculation ratios of this reactor was 14~26. According to those ratios, at the low loads ( BOD volumetric loads is less than 0.79 kg-BOD/$m^3$<\TEX>/day, FM ratio is less than 2.0/d) the results were fitted to the theoretical recirculation ratios (14 ~26) and at the high loads the efficiency were increased to the rise of recirculation ratios.