• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1296-1304
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• 2013

This study performed an analysis on power demand reduction effects exhibited by demand response programs, which are advanced from traditional demand-side management programs, in the smart grid environment. The target demand response systems for the analysis included incentive-based load control systems (2 month-ahead demand control system, 1~5 days ahead demand control system, and demand bidding system), which are currently implemented in Korea, and price-based demand response systems (mainly critical peak pricing system or real-time pricing system, currently not implemented, but representative demand response systems). Firstly, the status of the above systems at home and abroad was briefly examined. Next, energy saving effects and peak demand reduction effects of implementing the critical peak or real-time pricing systems, which are price-based demand response systems, and the existing incentive-based load control systems were estimated.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.79-91
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand the reduction of energy consumption and demand level for education relating to the reduction of energy consumption by middle school students. First, the perception of the reduction of energy consumption had a significant relationship with sex and grade. Second, the demand level for education relating to the reduction of energy consumption showed a significant relationship with only sex. Third, regression analysis on the influence of perception of the reduction of energy consumption showed a correlation between theperception of a reduction of energy consumption and the demand level for education relating to a reduction of energy consumption. The research suggests that students want an education that reduces energy consumption at school implemented during experience-centered and activity-centered discretionary activities, rather than duringtheory-centered curricular activities. It also suggests that overcoming limitations of space, that is, implementation of such education at various places besides school, and the application of teaching and teaming methods which use the internet and image media are more effective for education for the reduction of energy consumption.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.161-163
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• 2006

This paper introduce the technology of peak demand reduction using automatic water tank pumping system on the apartment. That systems on the apartments installed water tank can control pumping(electricity) demand. Generally, system peak demand is occurred at the same time on workday and many water pumps consume electric power randomly. At this point, shift of operating time of water pump can reduce peak demand using automatic water tank pumping system. We were operating this system on some apartments for test of effect of peak demand reduction. and we represent result of demand shift. This result suggests that spread of the automatic water pumping system can contribute to reduce system peak demand and reduce system operation cost.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.925-945
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• 2000

This paper analyses the impact of energy-saving investment on Greenhouse gas emissions using a model of energy demand in Korea. SUR method was employed to estimate the demand equation. The econometric estimates provide information about the energy price divisia index, sector income, and energy saving-investment elasticities of energy demand. Except for energy price divisia, the elasticities of each variable are statistically significant. Also, the price and substitution elasticities of each energy price are similar to the results reported by the previous studies. The energy-saving investment is statistically significant and elasticities of each sector is inelastic. Using the coefficient of energy-saving investment and carbon transmission coefficient, the amount of reduction of energy demand and the reduction of carbon emissions can be estimated. The simulation is performed with the scenario that the energy-saving investment increase by 10~50%, keeping up with Equipment Investment Plan of 30% increase in energy-saving investment by 2000. The results show that the reduction of energy demand measured as 11.2% based upon 1995's level of the energy demand, in industrial sector. Accordingly, the carbon emissions will be reduced by 11.3% based upon 1995's level of the carbon emissions in industrial sector.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2015

Because of the burgeoning demand of the energy, the countries are finding sustainable solutions for these emerging challenges. Demand Side Management is playing a significant role in managing the demand with an aim to support the electrical grid during the peak hours. However, advancement in controls and communication technologies, the aggregators are appearing as a third party entity in implementing demand response program. In this paper, a detailed mathematical framework is discussed in which the aggregator acts as an energy service provider between the utility and the consumers, and facilitate the consumers to actively participate in demand side management by introducing the new concept of demand reduction bidding (DRB) under constrained direct load control. Paper also presented an algorithm for the proposed framework and demonstrated the efficacy of the algorithm by considering few case studies and concluded with simulation results and discussions.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2017

Recently, the power consumption of industrial consumer has increased rapidly, causing problems such as lack of power reserve margin in summer and winter, and therefore there is a growing need for maximum demand power management to consumers. In this paper, we studied small microgrid system consisting of battery ESS and photovoltaic power system, applied to small and medium sized factories to reduce the maximum demand power of daily industrial power load. To verify the validity of the study, we simulated a small microgrid system using Matlab/Simulink software. As a result of applying the simulation to small and medium sized plants that consume a lot of power, it is confirmed that there is a 13% reduction in demand compared to the existing maximum demand power. This result is expected to contribute to the improvement of the power reserve margin.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.445-452
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• 2007

This study was carried out to examine effect of post-chlorine dosage reduction by ozonation and GAC process in the field plant for 3years in the "G" water purification plant in Seoul. And it is to compare GAC with BAC process in removal effects of TOC, THMs, THMFP, $UV_{254}$. As a result, chlorine dosage of ozonation and GAC(=BAC) is less demand than GAC. Seasonal reduction of chlorine demand is from about 37% to 59% with BAC, and from 24 to 46% with GAC. Higher reduction in BAC could be achieved. The efficiency of chlorine demand reduction with ozonation was depending on the organic carbon removal. $UV_{254}$ concentration is less about 0.13~0.74L/mg.m in BAC than GAC. Therefore, the combination of ozonation and GAC was more effective in reducing post-chlorine than the single GAC. TOC was also monitored, and results show that a linear relationship between TOC and chlorine demand is appropriate under each treatment process. It means that removal of organic matter(TOC) from finished water is necessary to reduce post-chlorine dosage in clear well and to minimize order of chlorine in distribution systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2006

In this study, we research and develope Intelligent Remote management controller. According to the load condition, we will apply various control techniques and plan high efficient Demand control. After development, According to the Demand Control, An electricity enterprisers will expect enlargement of equipment coefficient, elevation of back up load factor and reduction effect of equipment investment. On Customer side, They will expect reduction of electric fee, saving energy and variety of service choice.

• Architectural research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2016

Since the massive power outages that hit across the nation in September 2011, a growing imbalance between energy supply and demand has led to a severe backup power shortage. To overcome the energy crisis which is annually repeated, a policy change for deriving energy supply from renewable energy sources and a demand reduction strategy has become essential. Buildings account for 18% of total energy consumption and have great potential for energy efficiency improvements; it is an area considered to be a highly effective target for reducing energy demand by improving buildings' energy efficiency. In this regard, retrofitting buildings to promoting environmental conservation and energy reduction through the reuse of existing buildings can be very effective and essential for reducing maintenance costs and increasing economic output through energy savings. In this study, we compared the energy reduction efficiency of national power energy consumption by unit production volume based on thermal power generation, renewable energy power generation, and initial and operating costs for a building retrofit. The unit production was found to be 13,181GWh/trillion won for bituminous coal-fired power generation, and 5,395GWh/trillion won for LNG power generation, implying that LNG power generation seemed to be disadvantageous in terms of unit production compared to bituminous coal-fired power generation, which was attributable to a difference in unit production price. The unit production from green retrofitting increased to 38,121GWh/trillion won due to the reduced energy consumption and benefits of greenhouse gas reduction costs. Renewable energy producing no greenhouse gas emissions during power generation and showed the highest unit production of 75,638GWh/trillion won, about 5.74 times more effective than bituminous coal-fired power generation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1A
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• pp.25-37
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• 2008

The capacity spectrum method (CSM) is a simple and graphical seismic analysis procedure. Originally, it has been developed for buildings, but now its applicability has been extended to bridge structures. It is based on the capacity curve estimated by pushover analysis and demand spectrum reduced from linear elastic design spectrum by using effective damping or strength reduction factor. In this paper, the inelastic demand spectrum as the reduced demand spectrum is calculated from the linear elastic design spectrum by using the several formulas for the strength reduction factor. The effects of the strength reduction factor for the capacity spectrum analysis are evaluated for 3 types of symmetric and asymmetric bridge structures. To investigate an accuracy of the CSM which several formulas for strength reduction factor were applied, the maximum displacements estimated by the CSM are compared with the results obtained by nonlinear time history analysis for 8 artificially generated earthquakes. The maximum displacements estimated by the CSM using the SJ formula among the several strength reduction factors provide the most accurate agreement with those calculated by the inelastic time history analysis.