• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.2 s.115
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• pp.99-112
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• 2006

In contemporary design conditions, the focus of landscape architecture has shifted from 'form' to 'process.' Various experimental diagrams have been proposed to overcome the limitations of conventional form-oriented landscape design. This study aims to reconsider theoretically and critically the modes and mechanism of diagrams in recent landscape architectural design. It also explores the operational capabilities of diagram in design process. Although the traditional diagram has served as explanatory and representational graphics in design, contemporary designers emphasize the generative function of diagram on the basis of Gilles Deleuze's theory of 'diagram as abstract machine.' They manifest and practise that diagrams call generate forms and proliferate spaces in their design development. This paper examines current examples of generative and constructive diagrams produced by leading designers. However, the author illuminates another significance of diagram: the diagram as strategic media of design. Contemporary environments and conditions of design, such as the complexity of city and the interactivity of new economy, call for new design intelligence and strategic design. These situations require alternative media in design process. In this context, the diagram can function as strategic media of dynamic and flexible design. This is why contemporary landscape theory and practice have to give attention to diagrams.

• Architectural research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2000

A bubble diagram is understood as a graphic medium which bridges program and plan in architectural design process. The role of a bubble diagram is either to generate or to explain a plan in relation to its program. Despite the explicit role of a bubble diagram in architectural design process, what a bubble diagram indicates exactly is very ambiguous. Here I attempt to reveal the nature of the bubble diagram more sharply. My main argument is that the ambiguity of a bubble diagram results from the fact that it is used to range two different types of representational formats. Reviewing the theories of shape recognition and shape representations in vision science, I will also argue that the procedural description of architectural design process should be criticized and that the focus of design method research has to be shifted into the representational format of form description in architectural design process.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.4 s.57
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• pp.147-155
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• 2006

Recently, because of the rapid remarkable development of the digital media, contemporary society is continuously extending and changing over the limitation of the human recognition. But in the field of architectural form creation, a diagram used in the design process of the past is not enough to reflect a complication, contingent and multiple quality of these contemporary society. So, to reveal the rhizomorphous and non-hierarchial qualify of the contemporary digital network society, architecture became necessary to use the diagram with digital media which have various possibilities to present architect's abstract images that the diagram of the past couldn't do. Therefore, this study proposes that the process for creating architectural form with the digital diagram be a alternative to conquest the limits of contemporary architecture, so it present the complicate and contingent quality of contemporary society. Furthermore, it examines the quality and possibility of the diagram by understanding the creation and transformation of the digital diagram, and how to apply to the actual architecture process of the creating form.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.306-313
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• 2009

This paper presents the unique formation process of a volumetric space with the digital algorithm developed for Voronoi diagram in order to generate an effective parametric architectural form. By applying systematic parameters of architectural conditions within digital parametric tools, the interactions among sub-spaces developed by Voronoi diagram are enhanced by manipulating the spatial structures. In this paper, we discuss how the parametric distributing and zoning geometrical system can support designers in developing a free-formed space, and research on how this system creates a 3D volumetric space. With the in-depth research on the system and structure of Voronoi diagram, the approaches to the application of Voronoi diagram into architectural form generation are clarified to be an effective, creative and successful digital tool. The result of the application of the Voronoi diagram improves the design quality with systematic language in the sense that the sub-regions are created and controlled under the systematic and balanced hierarchy having dynamic relationships among each others with the restoration of the equilibrium of forces and tensions. This 3-dimensional Voronoi diagram provides another means for designers to solve architectural issues and to reinforce their design concepts.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.201-210
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• 2006

Among the architects who use diagrams as a digital design process, especially through Peter Eisenman and Ben van Berkel's works, we have specifically got the meaning of their diagrams. Their diagrams act as 'the block of becoming' and we can regard the diagrams not only as a tool of devenir including architect's root thoughts beyond a tool of schematic presentation, but also as architect's intention including devenir thought. And in the case of diagrams which the architects use, we can recognize that architects' intentions are to think that Deleuze's 'machine abstraite' evolve the diagram into various and transformed form. That is to say, Peter Eisenman interprets the machine abstraite as a root thought of devenir by using diagram as medium to reveal the virtual. And Ben van Berkel transforms the diagram by including all external conditions into selected diagram which shows the abstract relations to the elements. We can get the meaning of the machine abstraite from these cases well. This study will play an important role in giving good usage of the diagram in making a form of contemporary digital architecture and showing the direction of form creation field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.967-971
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• 2001

The frequency characteristics of the optical pickup are investigated indirectly from the bode diagram of the open loop system and the actuator. However, there is necessity of acquiring the optical pickup bode diagram in a view of the differences in the frequency characteristics. One of the differences is that bode diagrams of the optical pickup are differ to that of the actuator and the other is that bode diagrams of the open loop system include controller, gains and filters. So this paper presents the method acquiring the optical pickup bode diagram. In addition, usefulness of the optical pickup bode diagram was demonstrated by being applied to the optical pickup design. The reason of reducing the development period and acquiring the frequency characteristics of the optical system, the optical pickup bode diagram has many merits in the optical pickup design before acquiring the stable bode diagram of the open loop system.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.695-699
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• 2011

The study presents an efficient design method of Venn Diagram that can be used when implementing the quality design of experiments based on generalizability theory. The paper examines four mixed and combined models that are designed by fixed factor, random factor, crossed factor and nested factor. The models considered in this research are $A^*{\times}B^*{\times}C$, (B: $A^*$)${\times}C$, $A{\times}B{\times}C$ and (B: A)${\times}C$.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3B
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• pp.95-104
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• 2005

The diagram has a intuition and simplicity So, it is widely used in various fields in current computing environment. But, because of the absence of a standard diagram specification method, we have difficulty in exchanging the diagram data between different diagram software and besides, we spend much money and time to code diagram component, rules and semantics to which diagram would be applied. So We propose a method for defining diagram component's shapes and actions, diagram's rules and semantics using XML. And We design and implement the diagram system which execute XML document specifying diagram. In the diagram system, We can define diagram component in WISWIG manner and generate DML document automatically. So We can develop diagram system more efficiently. And by defining diagram rules using DTD, we also achieve the consistency of DTD meaning. And We propose Semantic Definition XML for specifying diagram semantics. So, diagram sentence which drawn by users could be given semantics and executed in diagram system. In this thesis, many VPL(Visual Programming Language) concepts were adopted to implement diagram system environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.691-700
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• 1994

Voronoi diagram of a set of geometric entities on a plane such as points, line segments, or arcs is a collection of Voronoi polygons associated with each entity, where Voronoi polygon of an entity is a locus of point which is closer to the associated entity than any other entity. Voronoi diagram is one of the most fundamental geometrical construct and well-known for its theoretical elegance and the wealth of applications. Various geometric problems can be solved with the aid of Voronoi diagram. For example, the maximum tool diameter of a milling cutter for rough cutting in a pocket can be easily found, and the pocketing tool path can be efficiently generated from Voronoi diagram. In PCB design, the design rule checking can be easily done via Voronoi diagram, too. This paper discusses an algorithm to construct Voronoi diagram of a simple polygon which consists of simple curves such as line segments as well as arcs in a plane with O(nlogn) time complexity by employing the divide and conquer scheme.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.184-185
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• 2004