• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.57-73
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• 2020

The proportion of digital evidence in criminal cases has increased, while at the same time, the spread of the Internet has made it easy to delete information that is stored in another place and thus, the Internet is being used to delete online criminal evidence. To respond quickly and effectively to cybercrime, 29 countries signed the Convention on Cybercrime in 2001 through the Council of Europe. Article 16 of the Convention relates to the expedited preservation of stored computer data and requires signatories to adopt legislative measures to enable its competent authorities to order expeditious preservation of specified computer data where there are grounds to believe that the data is particularly vulnerable to loss or modification. More than 60 countries have joined the Convention since 2001 and have made efforts to improve their legal system in line with it. The United States legislated 18 U.S.C. § 2703(f) to preserve electronic evidence pending the issuance of a court order. The German Code of Criminal Procedure §§ 94~95 allows prosecution authorities to seize evidence or issue production orders without court control in urgent circumstances. A custodian shall be obliged to surrender evidence upon a request that evidence be preserved, and non-compliance results in punishment. Japan legislated the Criminal Procedure Act § 197(3) and (4) to establish a legal base for requesting that electronic records that are stored by an ISP not be deleted. The Korean Criminal Procedure Act § 184 outlines procedures for the preservation of evidence but does not adequately address the expeditious preservation of digital evidence that may be vulnerable to deletion. This paper analyzes nine considerations, including request subjects, requirements, and cost reimbursement to establish directions to improve the legal system for the expedited preservation of digital evidence. A new method to preserve online digital evidence in urgent cases is necessary.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.52
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• pp.5-37
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• 2017

In consideration of the drastic transformation of records management environments, this study aims to suggest the directions for redesigning the electronic records management policies at a national level. First, it clarifies the four implicit objectives of electronic records management policies since the 2006 amendment of the Public Records Management Act, such as comprehensiveness for ensuring the appropriate management of any type of digital records, digital-friendly processes for records management, proper management for guaranteeing the evidential value of digital records, and long-term preservation of digital records. Second, it examines the challenging environmental factors in the areas since 2006. Third, it reviews the achievement of the policies as well as failures based on analyzing the policy documents and data from the National Archives of Korea. Fourth and finally, it suggests core areas and directions for redesigning the electronic records management policies, emphasizing the inclusiveness for data-type electronic records.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-22
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• 2003

The legal dispute of electronic commerce and computer crimes are increasing because the electronic services like e-government and e-commerce are now widely used. Computer Forensics becomes the method for recovery, preservation, analysis and report regarding digital evidence essential to resolve the legal dispute and computer crime. In this paper, the developmental process of Computer Forensics is discussed. It is intended to elicit constructive discussion regarding the domestic Computer Forensics. And this discussion will be of help to establish the secure e-business and e-government services in the field of the research, legal system and technical skill of domestic Computer Forensics.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1351-1364
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• 2019

When SCADA is exposed to cyber threats and attacks, serious disasters can occur throughout society. This is because various security threats have not been considered when building SCADA. The bigger problem is that it is difficult to patch vulnerabilities quickly because of its availability. Digital forensics procedures and techniques need to be used to analyze and investigate vulnerabilities in SCADA systems in order to respond quickly against cyber threats and to prevent incidents. This paper addresses SCADA forensics taxonomy and research trends for effective digital forensics investigation on SCADA system. As a result, we have not been able to find any research that goes far beyond traditional digital forensics on procedures and methodologies. But it is meaningful to develop an approach methodology using the characteristics of the SCADA system, or an exclusive tool for SCADA. Analysis techniques mainly focused on PLC and SCADA network protocol. It is because the cyber threats and attacks targeting SCADA are mostly related to PLC or network protocol. Such research seems to continue in the future. Unfortunately, there is lack of discussion about the 'Evidence Capability' such as the preservation or integrity of the evidence extracting from SCADA system in the past researches.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.583-592
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• 2020

With the popularization of smartphones, Social Networking Service (SNS) has become the means of communication for modern people. Due to the nature of the means of communication, SNS generates a variety of archive and preservation evidence. Therefore, it is a major analysis target in terms of digital forensic investigation. An application that provides SNS stores data in a central server or database in a smartphone inside for user convenience. Some applications provide encryption for privacy, which can be anti-forensic in terms of digital forensic investigation. Therefore, the study of the encryption method should be continuously preceded. In this paper, we analyzed two applications that provide SQLite-based database encryption through SQLCipher module. Each database was decrypted and key data was identified.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.13-28
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• 2015

In accordance with importance of the economic value of forests and forest use, the paradigm of development and use has emerged as the dominant paradigm of forest policy. As forests are recognized as an important means of Wellness, the government pursues a policy convergence between forest use and conservation. So, this article analyzed whether the change of forestry convergence paradigm is reflected in policy or not. The purpose of this study was to analyze through content analysis and network analysis, whether the new combined text value are fused in how forest policy. According to the results, the function of utilization which is off the traditional forestry industry and recreation, wellness are acquired a greater importance in the 5th plan than 4th plan. But the 5th plan is insufficient to establish of foundation for forestry management and welfare functions. The evidence suggest a sign of sustained paradigm convergency in forest policy of Korea. As the policy implication in establishing national forest master plan, it is necessary to strengthen policy capability to pursue sustainable forestry utilization, which can converge forest use and conservation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine social values of self-support enterprises, known as the origin of social economy by using a qualitative research method. Main themes representing social values of self-support enterprises were developed through four sessions of FGI and thematic analysis. First, self-support enterprises embody the value of 'social safety net' by providing workfare for disadvantaged people as well as by operating market-oriented business. Additionally, 'communal spirit', for which self-support enterprises strive, is social value that enables the entirety of self-support enterprises and participants to fulfill non-profit values, reciprocity, and sharing. Lastly, ontological, diachronic, and ecological 'sustainability' of self-support enterprises is a foundational element which creates continuous positive impact on our society. Findings of this study are significant to provide theoretical and empirical evidence for preservation and development of the social economy ecosystem. Based on this, further researches on comprehensive social economy are suggested.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.49
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• pp.299-325
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• 2016

This paper examines the importance, types, and locations of maul records, and the methods for collecting, preserving, and using them. Maul records reveal the nature of the residents' ordinary lives, help to closely examine the history and culture of the maul, and serve as cultural resources that supplement oral records. Collecting materials from maul records requires understanding the types, locations, and states of the records. Maul records should include records created by the local organizations, personal records by individuals, and records that evidence the history of the maul. The collection methods of maul records are categorized into regular collection, irregular collection, passive collection, and active collection. These records need to be locally conserved in the maul. They can enhance the residents' lives, and can be used to help produce books, posters, calendars, commercial advertisements, symbols, academic education, exhibitions, digital contents, and historical records. They are also useful in helping to market the history.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.49-59
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• 2021

Since ancient times, legends and tales have been handed down with a spirituality, shamanistic meaning, and imagination. Among many tales about people and animal footprints that are handed down in various parts of Korea, Changnyeong's 'Munhojang Footprint' is the first case in which the physical evidence(footprints) that the main character has left was identified as a dinosaur footprint. In this study, we performed a scientific analysis based on the basic data collection, distribution pattern of 'Munhojang Footprint', three-dimensional digital recording and visualization, as well as case analysis and humanitic review of footprints in tales and legends. The Munhojang Footprints has long been known as human footprints left in the natural rock due to its shape and preservation status. A new analysis that the Munhojang footprints (composed of 13 footprints) are dinosaur tracks shows social perceptions of the ancient people, characterized by the fear of supernatural beings and the limits of scientific interpretation. Through this scientific and humanistic exploration of Munhojang Footprint that are passed down from generation to generation as legends, pray for peace and well-being of the village through rituals and rituals every year, and have been preserved and managed as practical evidence, it is expected that traditional culture and natural heritage will be linked and mutual value will be enhanced.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.163-186
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze research trends on overseas business archives, compare them with domestic and related prior studies, and present the direction of the development of domestic business archives research. For the research analysis, bibliography from 493 papers was collected using four academic databases: Web of Science, Scopus, LISA (ProQuest), LISS (EBSCOhost). Following data collection, data analysis was conducted and focused on the publication status of related papers, major journals, research forms, and researcher information. In addition, unique words were extracted through the data processing of English abstracts, and the frequency of the key words was identified. Through topic modeling, this study extracted seven topics from the entire literature group, analyzed the publication trends of the papers corresponding to each topic, and examined the topics and representative papers of that topic. The names for these topics were assigned as "access and usability of business records'," "information/evidence value of business records," "importance and operational strategy of business archives," "record management as a business heritage," "management of business records in digital environments," "preservation and disposal of business records," and "historical value of business records." Based on the prior research and analysis results, this study proposed implications for the development and expansion of future research on the domestic business archives.