• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.377-397
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• 2004

This study investigated the use of community information and communication technologies in light of its dual visions (i.e., serving as an affordable Internet service provider and a community building tool). Surveying the randomly selected users of a community network (n = 213), this study examined the influence of the community features on service use compared to that of Internet features. The present study found that the respondents were using the service mainly for general Internet features, such as email and web access. More than two-thirds of the respondents did not recognize community contents as available service. Community features of the service were found as significant predictors of use only among people who were aware of community contents but not among people who were not. Nonetheless, there was no difference in the amount of use between the two groups, indicating that the awareness of community contents itself did not increase use. Findings suggest that the service providers did not fully communicate the community aspect of the service with the users although the very aspect distinguishes the service from other Internet services.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.317-337
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• 2010

The present study has a dual purpose to investigate the current state of school English library and needs required for its effective use, and to propose a reading program at the school library. The literature on school library was reviewed. A questionnaire survey was done to find out the current situation of English library at the secondary school. The analysis of 26 secondary English teachers' responses reveals that there was the absence of librarians or reading specialists at the school English library. It was also found that the uses of the English library were limited due to the absence of the specialists, no guidelines, and no link between the curriculum and the library use. A case study on a 2-week special reading program at the school English library was conducted and 15 middle school students took part in the project. The participants took pre- and post-tests to identify their reading level using a software and did a variety of reading activities using the books selected according to their level. The comparison of the tests shows that most of the students' reading level improved after the reading program. The analysis of their views on the program and its effects reveals that they gained confidence in reading and their vocabulary understanding was improved. Some suggestions are made for the effective management of the school English library.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.379-398
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• 2014

This pilot study explored the effect of mental demand on a Web searcher's thoughts, emotions, efforts, and performance in Web searches in order to address whether or not there is any difference between searchers exposed to mental demand manipulation and searchers not exposed. Research data were collected via think-aloud protocol (TAP) with a dual-task in experiments and interviews with 10 subjects who participated in this study. For the searcher's thoughts, relevance judgment was found to be hindered by mental demand. For the searcher's emotions, the experimental group was more frustrated than the control group. With respect to the searcher's efforts, searchers for the experimental group with mental demand manipulation were more likely to spend more time, make fewer queries, and visit fewer pages but work harder to find more relevant information that they needed. Lastly, with regard to the searcher's performance, it is likely that performance was highly dependent upon the completion of the search tasks for both groups. The NASA-TLX six components and cognitive load scores of searchers did not make a significant difference in the outcome. The findings support the use of a dual-task methodology as a promising approach for the assessment of cognitive load induced by complex Web searches.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.96-102
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• 2014

In this paper, we proposed new dual-rail data encoding that mixed 4-phase handshaking protocol and 2-phase handshaking protocol for asynchronous system design to reduce signal activities and power consumption. The dual-rail data encoding 4-phase handshaking protocol should leat to much signal activities and power consumption by return to space state. Ideally, the dual-rail data encoding 2-phase handshaking protocol should lead to faster circuits and lower power consumption than the dual-rail 4-phase handshaking protocol, but can not designed using standard library. We use a benchmark circuit that contains a multiplier block, an adder block, and latches to evaluate the proposed dual-rail data encoding. The benchmark circuit using the proposed dual-rail data encoding shows an over 35% reduction in power consumption with 4-phase dual-rail data encoding.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.816-827
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• 2008

In this paper, two-stage pipelined floating-point arithmetic unit (FP-AU) is designed. The FP-AU processor supports seventeen operations to apply 3D graphics processor and has area-efficient and low-latency architecture that makes use of modified dual-path computation scheme, new normalization circuit, and modified compound adder based on flagged prefix adder. The FP-AU has about 4-ns delay time at logic synthesis condition using $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS standard cell library and consists of about 5,930 gates. Because it has 250 MFLOPS execution rate and supports saturated arithmetic including a number of graphics-oriented operations, it is applicable to mobile 3D graphics accelerator efficiently.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.244-252
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• 2018

Protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3) is a major member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family. PDI proteins commonly reside in the endoplasmic reticulum and mediate important thiol-disulfide interchanges during post-translational protein folding. Unlike other PDI family members, PDIA3 is ubiquitous in various organ systems. However, its physiological activity varies in other tissues. PDIA3 has been associated with cancer, airway inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases. However, the mechanisms of the association of PDIA3 with these pathological conditions remain unclear. Recombinant PDIA3 (rPDIA3) is needed to clarify the interactions between PDIA3 and certain physiological phenomena. In the present study, we aimed to produce highly purified rPDIA3 for use in pathological experiments. We expressed rPDIA3 with a histidine-enriched elongated peptide tag in Escherichia coli and obtained rPDIA3 at 97.8% purity using consecutive His-tag and reverse-phase chromatography. Elongated peptide tags screened from artificially designated library had dual functions for protein expression and simple purification.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2021

In Korea, efforts have been made continuously to improve the environment of traditional markets concerning the issues of urban regeneration. In particular, many old cities and traditional markets face a lack of parking spaces. As a solution to this, attempts are being made to prepare underground parking spaces by designing urban planning facilities in three-dimensional ways and utilizing the upper part as a more meaningful space. This study is about the master plan to use the upper green area while creating an underground parking lot at 571 Sinmae-dong, Suseong-gu, Daegu. This green area was defined as a space with dual values, 'defensive green space' that needs to be ecologically protected, and 'active cultural space' where walking flows to the market and various events are concentrated. Three specific design strategies to balance these values were presented. First, to prevent indiscriminate occupation and damage by people and maintain a healthy green environment, securing the maximum amount of undivided green space in the site was suggested. Second, a space layout and a topography and planting patterns that can overcome the morphological characteristics of narrow and long-shaped sites enable the experience of abundant green spaces. Third, providing space to strengthen the connections with nearby urban facilities such as Sinmae Market and Gosan Library can also intensively accommodate cultural activities in various cities. This study has academic significance in providing implications for urban regeneration projects with similar contexts in the future.