• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.97-114
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the effect of urban ecosystem restoration projects by evaluating the short-term restoration performance of the project sites, from both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. In this study, for the qualitative evaluation, we derived the evaluation frame from previous studies and literature. For the quantitative evaluation, the changes in ecological connectivity after the restoration project were described using landscape permeability and network analysis. In addition, changes in habitat quality after the restoration project were evaluated by using InVEST Habitat Quality Model. These evaluations were applied to the three natural madang (ecological restoration) projects and two ecosystem conservation cooperation projects. As a result, three categories, 10 indicators, and 13 sub-indicators were derived from literature as the evaluation frame for this study. In the case of quantitative evaluation of restoration performance, habitat quality increased by 45% and ecological connectivity by 37% in natural-madang, and habitat quality by about 12% and ecological connectivity by about 19% in ecosystem conservation cooperation projects. This implies that the ecological restoration project can increase the ecological connectivity and the habitat quality of degraded sites even in a short period of time by improving the land-cover and land use. The results by applying the evaluation frame indicated that ecological and environmental factors and the ecological functions were improved by the restoration works, even though the magnitude of performances were diverse depending on the specific evaluation items, project type, and site characteristics. This study clarified that the success of ecological restoration project should be assessed by both of the short-term and long-term goals, which can be achieved by the maintenance and sustainable management, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.28-37
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• 2010

This study is intend to evaluate natural conservation value, and to suggest natural park plan based on conservation value evaluation. In this study evaluation items are selected through related studies about ecological conservation evaluation, and evaluation items in this study can be classified into 2 aspects, ecological environment and topographic environment. After each evaluation items are overlaid with GIS program, management levels are derived from comprehensive overlaid maps of each evaluation items. Management areas can be classified into 5 levels; Critical Conservation Area, Conservation Area, Restoration Area, Passive Usable Area, Active Development Area and Settlement Area. So management areas can be matched each management levels to land use of natural park, that is district of preservation, district of natural environment, district of settlements and district of mass facilities. This study have good enough to evaluate ecological value for natural park plan, but, it is difficult to evaluate conservation value only with maps of each evaluation items, so it needs supplementary field survey for precise conservation value evaluation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.45-53
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• 2020

With the increasing attention of the international community on climate change and biodiversity promotion programmes, the Korean government and public agencies are trying to protect and restore the ecosystem of areas protected by law, such as waterfronts, by acquiring private land. However, the inadequate purchase system has caused various problems. In this study, an efficient and systematic land purchase system was developed through ecological evaluation, focusing on the ecological and landscape conservation areas of the Donggang basin. The ecological evaluation was developed by integrating parcel-level evaluation and regional-specific evaluation, and the overall level of ecological function was established and finalized through on-site verification. As a result of verifying the purchase land of 88 parcels, it showed a relatively high agreement of more than 85.2%, and the rest of parcels (non-agreement) were considered to have had an impact on vegetation, crop harvesting, etc. due to seasonal differences in ecological evaluation and field verification. The purchasing system was ranked according to the ecological evaluation grade based on the endangered species and the distance from the core ecosystem. As a result, the purchase priority was systematically drawn up to the 5th rank for a total of 68 parcels for the private lands of Geoeun-ri, Munsan-ri, Deokcheon-ri, Unchi-ri, Gumam-ri, and Suji-ri. This study is expected to contribute to the preservation, restoration and ecological management of purchased land in the protected area in the future by establishing and proposing a systematic land purchase system based on ecological evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.28-28
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• 2023

Most countries worldwide are finding it difficult to make decisions regarding the utilization of water resources and the ecological flow protection of rivers because of serious water shortages and global climate warming. To overcome this difficulty, accurate ecological flow processes and protected ecological objectives are required. Since the introduction of the concept, ecological flow calculations have been developed for more than 60 years. This technical development has always been dominated by countries such as the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. The technical applications, however, vary substantially worldwide. Some countries, for instance, did not readjust the method because of a lack of understanding of the ecological effect or because they failed to achieve elaborate scheduling. Mostly, readjustments were not made because the users could not make their choices from among numerous methods for ecological flow. This paper presents three research results based on a systematic review of 240 methods with clear connotation boundaries. First, the ecological flow algorithm was developed along with the scientific and technological progress in the river ecosystem theory, ecohydrological relationship, and characterization and simulation of hydrological and hydrodynamic processes. In addition, the basis of the method has evolved from the hydrological process of the ecosystem, hydraulics-habitat conditions, and social development interference to whole ecosystem simulation. Second, 240 methods were classified into 50 sub-categories to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages according to the ecological flow algorithms of hydrology, hydraulics, habitat, and other comprehensive methods. According to this evaluation, 60% of the methods were not suitable for further application, including the method based on the percentage of natural runoff. Furthermore, the applicability of the remaining methods was presented according to the evaluation based on the aspects of allocation of water resources, water conservancy project scheduling, and river ecological evaluation. Third, In the future, most developing countries should strengthen the guarantee of high-standard ecological flow via a coordination mechanism for the ecological flow guarantee established under a sustainable framework or via an ecological protection pattern at the national level according to the national system. Concurrently, a reliable ecological flow demand process should also be established on the basis of detailed investigation and research on the relationship between river habitats, ecological hydrology, and ecological hydraulics. This will ensure that the real-time evaluation of ecological flow forces the water conservancy project scheduling and accurate allocation of water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.135-151
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• 2015

DMZ is considered as an ecologically sensitive landscape and one of the highest biodiversity regions in the Republic of Korea. There have been, albeit the significant value, increased interests in developing this region for a variety of purposes including tourism and commemorative events. As this region has been already facing a range of problems derived from previous development, natural disaster and invasive species, the necessity for active management of ecological health within this region has been increased, which weighs the importance of executing ecological restoration. The objective of this study was to develop evaluation indices as an effective management means of properly evaluating ecological restoration and sustainably maintaining the restored conditions on a long-term scale. Through literature review existing evaluation indices related to restoration were collected, and then the most suitable indices were selected based upon two interviews and one questionnaire survey targeting experts in the relevant field to ecological restoration. They were categorized by two major division and their subclasses (Ecological base - vegetation structure & composition, habitat characteristics, soil environment; landscape ecology - connectivity, landscape patch, boundary & surrounding) and 40 indices. These indices were considered helpful to comprehensively evaluate ecological restoration on degraded environments within ecologically sensitive areas, and sustainably manage target areas by employing a long-term monitoring approach. As this result played a meaningful role in providing the fundamentals of evaluating ecological restoration, it should develop a suitable evaluation system through further research.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.513-524
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• 2009

Urban land consolidation, which is to reform land parcels to remove fragmentation and produce ideal blocks, is an effective means for urban renewal. Successful urban land consolidation brings out great benefits to the city officials as well as general public, such as improved city image, increased land value, and more effective land use. However, urban land consolidation can be detrimental to environment, especially in the ecological aspects, while the execution of land consolidation has been focused solely on development for the sake of human benefits. To remove negative effects of urban land consolidation to the ecological system, this paper is intended to establish a set of criteria for evaluating ecological impacts of an urban land consolidation plan. Firstly, key ecological indicators are identified using a special group decision-making process called "habitual domain analysis" and then individual weighting of each indicator is recorded by analytical hierarchy process. An urban ecological evaluation model with 4 levels and 23 indicators is thus developed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 1993

Evaluation methods are employed in environmental impact assessment to choose between different project site, to determine the required measures to compensate impact and to decide whether the environmental impacts are more important than the social or economic effects of a project. The main obstacles that restrict use of quantitative evaluation method are a Lack of knowledge about the environmental effects (e.g. if impacts on wildlife or landscape amenities are predicted) and the relative importance of economic and social issues compared with nature conservation stability of ecosystem or landscape beauty. In Germany, the most common method for site planning is the "ecological risk analysis". It is a kind of multi-criteria-decision-method based on quantitative and qualitative description and ordinal ranking. The various kinds of "ecological balancing methods" that are more recently developed (within the last decade) to quantify the required amount for compensatory measures instead often use cardinal figures to express the value of ecosystems, the intensity of impacts, the need for additional measures to compensate for long recuperative periods when restoring ecosystems and so on. There are still only a view attempts to quantify decisions between environmental and socio-economic issues. Multicriteria-analysis as well as cost-benifit-analysis was used. Some new approaches which are still in a preliminary status are based on contingent valuation and on calculations for compensatory payments (instead of compensatory measures).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 1998

Landscape has two side, ecological structure and visual characteristics. And Landscape evaluation should be implemented from this viewpoint. In this study, landscape of the Moodeungsan natural park was evaluated based on ecological and visual characteristics, and the results was compared with the existing zoning. And it was recognized that the areas having high preserbability are located in the nature environmental zone. For the purpose of natural park management planning, in this study, rezoning method of natural park based on landscape evaluation is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2008

This study aims to identify the structure and system to make close relationship among planning elements, legal regulation and evaluation index toward sustainable development in the ecological housing estate. Through these close relationships the ecological housing estate could get more sustainability. With this consideration, this study consists of following three parts. First, we review the key issues of sustainability in ecological housing which are focused on the energy-efficient planning. Second, we extract the planning elements, legal regulation and evaluation index using the qualitative system dynamics that is found out all phenomenons from viewpoint of closed loop thinking and circular feedback system. Third, we analyse the correlationship among them in terms of energy efficient planning in the ecological housing estate. Finally, we summarize the findings toward sustainability in ecological housing estate through these analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.22-31
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• 2009

In this study a landscape evaluation was carried out for the submission of a natural landscape conservation plan with the intention to prevent damage to natural landscapes through incautious exploitation. In the case of Korean landscape evaluation, in fact, only the aesthetic value of the landscape is evaluated as related to development projects but the ecological relevance of the landscape cannot be estimated by evaluating only the aesthetic. For that reason, this study performed a landscape evaluation, including the sensitivity limit of visible scenery and the diversity of ecological scenery. For the intention of landscape evaluation in the designation of an essential conservation area and for devising a plan related to this area, a GIS applied to Ian McHarg's map overlay method was used and both the ecological landscape diversity and the aesthetic value of the landscape was surveyed using this map overlay method. A region can be analyzed in relation to the needs for concentration of management in influence analysis of landscape effect elements.