• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.370-376
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• 2018

It is important to consider interaction between species in understanding structure and function of the biological community. Current ecological issues such as climate change and habitat loss emphasize the significance of the concept of species interaction in that varying species' interaction across environmental gradients may lead to altered ecological function and services. However, most community studies have focused on species diversity through analysis of quantitative indices based on species composition and abundance data without considering species interactions in the community. 'Ecological network analysis' based on network theory enables exploration of structural and functional properties of ecosystems composed of various species and their interactions. In this paper, network analysis of Cheonggye stream as a case study was presented to promote uses of network analysis on ecological studies in Korea. Cheonggye stream has a simple biological structure with link density of 1.48, connectance 0.07, generality 4.43, and vulnerability 1.94. The ecological network analysis can be used to provide ecological interpretations of domestic long-term monitoring data and can contribute to conserving and managing species diversity in ecosystems.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.150-160
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• 1988

Food habits of Alaska plaice, Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus, and ecological interactions of this species with yellowfin sole, Limanda aspera, and rock sole, Lepidopsetta bilineata, in the eastern Bering Sea were studied. Alaska plaice mainly feed on polychaetes regardless of sex and size of fish. However, it was shown that food differed by sampling area. Feeding did not occur at night. Food competition seems to be negligible among the three shallow water fiatfish species inhabiting the eastern Bering Sea due to differences in food spectra or spatial distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.240-258
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• 2006

The potential of ecosystem-based fisheries management is recently recognized to be very important to improve the sustainability of fisheries resources. Under the depressed condition of many fisheries resources, this recognition has been expanded and more effort has been taken to improve this approach. Taking ecosystem concept includes the use of other tools of management in addition to fisheries regulation, such as stock and productivity enhancement, provision of physical structure, or marine protected areas. In the ecosystem-based fisheries management approach, it would require to holistically consider ecological interactions of target species with predators, competitors, and prey species, the effects of climate on fisheries ecology, the complex interactions between fishes and their habitat, and the effects of fishing on fish stocks and their ecosystem. Fisheries management based upon the understanding of these factors can prevent significant and potentially irreversible changes in marine ecosystems caused by fishing. A useful approach for analyzing tropho-dynamic interactions and mass-balance in marine ecosystems is introduced to demonstrate the complexity and usefulness of the ecosystem approach, which was applied to a small ecosystem in Korea. Korea should seriously consider to take the ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management, since most major fish stocks are currently depleted due to many reasons such as overfishing, land reclamation and coastal pollution.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2008

Because of the rapid industrialization and urbanization, urban dwellers are lack of opportunity to contact with nature, and hence alienated from it. In particular, primary school children who are very sensible to nature need more opportunities to learn nature by direct interactions with it. For this purpose, a movement for making and using ecological learning-place in play-ground within primary school. It has been found as a result of research on ecological learning-places in 7 primary schools in Daegu that such places, equipped with several ecological facilities, provide both pupils and local dwellers around schools with a place for ecological learning and for rest. But some of them have been left without care and hence can not be properly used, because of inappropriate site, insufficient facilities, and deficient programme for practical use. In conclusion, the paper reconfirms importance of ecological learning-place within grounds of primary school in terms of its educational, social and ecological effects, and suggests briefly some measures to encourage its construction and practical use.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.124-124
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.80-83
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• 2000

Decision-makers in ecological system and social system have complex interactions and relations. Such interactions and relations are not predefined but dynamically constructed. We consider what relation-s are constructed or destroyed and how the relations change. Therefore, we focus on the formation and collapse of relations as one of the emergent phenomena of social or ecological complex phenomena. Game theory is the best way of analyzing phenomena in terms of interactions. However, it is difficult to analyze the dynamical system by game theory. Consequently, we propose Selecting Game with agents as players based on game theory. In this model, the relations among agents are not predefined but constructed by selecting subgames. As a result, we confirmed that the entire relation among agents is constructed by the agents＇ changing partial relations and that the relations dynamically change.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2022

With the proliferation of activity-tracking devices and other smart tools, more users leverage these personal informatics technologies to track their physical and fitness-related activities. The research on the benefits (and limitations) of these devices tends to focus on the use of a single tool, leaving out the interactions among multiple technologies, and how these interactions influence the way users perceive their affordances. Building from an ecological perspective, I extend this research by providing insight into the competitive and complementary relationships among activity tracking devices and other fitness-related and personal informatics technologies within the device ecology of technologies around the user. The affordances of these devices are therefore not enacted in isolation but are relational to understanding of other technological options and differing personal preferences and goals of the user.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.319-331
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• 2013

Recent climate change, which is mostly ascribed to anthropogenic activities, is believed to be a major factor leading to biodiversity decreases and ecosystem service deteriorations. I have reviewed recent studies on climate change effects for many ecological processes involved with plants, in order to improve our understanding of the nature of ecological complexity. Plants in general have better growth and productivity under high levels of $CO_2$, although the long term effects of such $CO_2$ fertilizers are still controversial. Over the last 30 years, the Earth has been greening, particularly at higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, perhaps due to a relaxation of climatic constraints. Human appropriation of net primary productivity (NPP), which corresponds up to 1/3 of global NPP, is ultimately responsible for climate change and biodiversity decreases. Climate change causes phenological variations in plants, especially in regards to spring flowering and fall leaf coloring. Many plants migrate polewards and towards higher altitudes to seek more appropriate climates. On the other hand, tree mortality and population declines have recently been reported in many continents. Landscape disturbance not only hinders the plant migration, but also makes it difficult to predict the plants' potential habitats. Plant and animal population declines, as well as local extinctions, are largely due to the disruption of species interactions through temporal mismatching. Temperature and $CO_2$ increase rates in Korea are higher than global means. The degree of landscape disturbances is also relatively high. Furthermore, long-term data on individual species responses and species interactions are lacking or quite limited in Korea. This review emphasizes the complex nature of species responses to climate change at both global and local scales. In order to keep pace with the direction and speed of climate change, it is urgently necessary to observe and analyze the patterns of phenology, migration, and trophic interactions of plants and animals in Korea's landscape.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.355-355
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• 2018

Natural hydrology systems, including high flow and low flow events, are important for aquatic ecosystem health and are essential for controlling the structure and function of ecological processes in river ecosystems. Ecosystem responses to flow changes have been studied in a variety of ways, but little attention has been given to how episodic typhoons and atmospheric circulation patterns can change these hydrologic regime-ecological response relationships. In this diagnostic study, we use an empirical approach to investigate the salient features of interactions between atmospheric circulation, climate, and runoff in the five major Korean river basins.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2012

Quercus aliena and Q. serrata are both occur as natural vegetation alongside natural freshwater bodies of the southern Korea Peninsula. Q. serrata dominates over Q. aliena as secondary forest vegetation in the present day. In order to explain these natural distributional traits of the oak species, we conducted some experiments with oak seedlings which treated with major important environmental resources, including light, moisture and nutrients, under controlled conditions. We then measured the ecological niche breadths and overlap from 15 eco-morphological characteristics. The ecological niche breadth of Q. aliena and Q. serrata were higher in terms of the nutrient factor applied, but was lower terms of light. The niche breadth of Q. serrata was wider than that of Q. aliena in light and moisture exposure. On the other hand, the niche breadth of Q. aliena was similar with that of Q. serrata in terms of the nutrient factor applied. These results imply that Q. serrata has a broader ecological distribution in over a wider variety of light and moisture environments than that of Q. alien. Ecological niche overlap between two oak species was the widest in terms of the light treatment factor applied, and narrowest in terms of moisture. This response pattern was also verified by cluster and principle component analysis. These results suggest competitive interactions between Q. serrata and Q. aliena seedlings may be higher for light resources than moisture or nutrient resources, and that Q. serrata is more shade tolerant than Q. aliena.