• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.13-26
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• 2018

The restoration of the impaired stream ecosystem is an important part of river policies in Ministry of Environment (MoE). However, the diagnosing the impairment sources of stream ecosystem has been omitted on the current river projects and policies. This phenomena lead the remaining impairment sources keep influencing on negative effects on streams. Hence, it is critical to construct a diagnosis system of impairment sources in order to increase the efficiency of various river restoration projects and policies. Moreover, it is also important to understand the relative impact of socio-economic factors of the impairment of stream ecosystems so as to build a domestic diagnosis system in place. Therefore, the study aims to analyse the relative effects of socio-economic factors which are the source of the stream ecosystem impairments through implementing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In order to achieve the goal, a list of socio-economic factors influencing the stream health has been derived. On the basis of the derived causes list, AHP questionnaire were carried out to the experts of aquatic ecology. The study results could be implemented to analysing the relative influence of socio-economic impairment causes in domestic stream environments. In addition, more case study investigation is needed to cross-check if the derived impairment causes and weights are applied in the field as well as to develop more reliable indicators.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.645-654
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• 2019

This study was conducted in two breeding seasons in 2017 to identify nesting habits and breeding biology of barn swallows in Daejang-dong village, Bucheon city, suburban Seoul. Among the 77 barn swallow nests studied, there were 34 breeding nests -27 in the first and 12 in the second. The reuse rate of old nests was 51.6%. In addition to tile-roofed houses (20.6%), breeding nests were most common in brick houses (38.2%) and in slate-roofed houses (26.5%). Most breeding nests were in eaves (58.8%) and front doors (32.3%). The average clutch size was $4.8{\pm}0.9$ in the first and $4.3{\pm}0.5$ in the second. The breeding success rate was 75.0% in the first and 58.1% in the second, considering the hatching rate and the fledgling rate. It was found that the rainy season was affected by a lack of food. At least 27 pairs of nestling barn swallows and 127 young barn swallows successfully fledged were estimated to be 181. These results show that Daejang-dong village is an important suburban habitat of the Seoul metropolitan area, and that it can be used to verify the environmental conservation value of rice fields of in the Seoul metropolitan area.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2021

This study was conducted to identify various types of activities of payment contract for ecosystem services. As supporting services, 12 types of activities were derived: fallow, eco-friendly crop cultivation, shelter creation management, etc. As regulating services, 5 types of activities were derived: stream environment purification, creation and management of riparian vegetation, creation and management of forests for responding to climate change, etc. As cultural services, five types of activities were derived: creation and management of landscape forests, creation and management of ecological trails, managing ecosystem conservation, etc.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.78-86
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• 2017

Humans are provided with a wide range of public benefits from ecosystems and agricultural ecosystems, but the establishment of the horticulture complex could be a space that hampers the public function of the agricultural ecosystem. In this study, we sought to focus the function of landscape creation of agricultural landscape and tried to analyze the landscape of the horticulture complex. Therefore, This study aims to suggest ways to build a greenhouse complex which is being indiscreetly introduced in the agriculture landscape through environmentally-friendly manner and minimize the function of the ecosystem service. We divided the greenhouse complex into two categories of Plastic Greenhouse(v) and Glass Greenhouse(g), and compared them to the Netherland and Japan counterparts. Each image of research areas was selected by 3 pics and polled by a total of 101 people. The results of the Evaluation of Landscape Image are as shown in the figure. Netherland Glass Greenhouse scored 1.80 in terms of 'Neat' which is one of the given 15 adjectives. Study results shows that Korean Plastic Greenhouse landscapes need to endeavor Japanese vinly greenhouses and Dutch glasshouses. Consequently, an analysis on the elements of landscapes including green area, variant elements, separation distance is essential in order to improve our country's greenhouse complex landscapes. In this regard, continuous research is required to improve rural landscapes and harmonize large-scale horticultural facilities into the existing agricultural ecosystem.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.313-323
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• 2013

Gonad development, the reproductive cycle, first sexual maturty and size at 50% of group sexual maturity (the biological minimum size) of Gomphina (Macridiscus) veneriformis were investigated for clams collected from the coastal waters of Donghae City, the East Sea of Korea by histological, and morphometric analysis. Monthly variations of the gonad index showed a pattern similar to that of the reproductive cycle. The reproductive cycle with the gonad developmental stages in female and male G. (M.) veneriformis can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage (December to March), late active stage (March to June), ripe stage (June to July), partially spawned stage (June to August), and spent / inactive stage (September to December). The spawning period continued from June to August, with a peak between July and August when the seawater temperature exceeds $20^{\circ}C$. The percentages of first sexual maturities of female and male clams ranging from 25.1 to 30.0 mm were 56.3% in females and 61.1% in males, and for clams over 30.1 mm shell length, it was 100%. Shell lengths at 50% of group sexual maturity (biological minimum size, $RM_{50}$) were 27.71 mm in females and 26.31 mm in males. Because harvesting clams < 26.31 mm in shell length could potentially cause a drastic reduction in recruitment, a measure indicating a prohibitory fishing size should be taken for adequate fisheries management.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2001

본 연구는 우리 나라 최초의 생태공원인 여의도샛강생태공원을 대상으로 자연생태계 모니터링을 통하여 생물서식환경 조성기법을 평가하고 관리방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 모니터링은 생물서식환견으로서는 수환경과 토양환경을 분석하였고, 생물상 모니터링으로 식물상, 식물군집구조, 동물상으로 구분하였고, 동물상은 조류와 어류의 변화에 국한하여 고찰하였다. 구체적인 모니터링 내용은 식물상의 변화와 식물군집의 천이과정, 두 연못에 적용된 식생호안 공법별 식생피복룰과 발생식물상의 변화, 귀화식물의 발생 정도에 따른 귀화율의 비교이었으며 이를 기반으로 조류와 어류의 변화를 평가하였다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 2012

We need to analyze the ecological characteristics in the basin of agricultural reservoir that include urbanized area, agricultural area and fringe area, etc. The purpose of this study is not only that presenting the methods of basin ecosystem management but also suggesting ecosystem management plan proposals for the water quality based on analysis of ecological characteristics. As the results of analysis, the urbanized area(the ratio of area(ROA): 14.0%) is most likely to possibility of water pollution, then followed by paddy fields(ROA: 65.5%) where a wide spread up-basin(or up-stream), farmlands(ROA: 11.3%), farm buildings(ROA: 5.7%) and orchard(ROA: 3.9%). According to those, we investigated the impact degree of water pollutants. Thus, we were able to classify 5 types through considering the biotope assessment and the hydrosphere basin assessment, i.e. the level of priority control for source pollution. As a result, the source pollution intensive management area(11.3%) where are adjacent waterfront has caused water pollution, however, most importantly, it is necessary to control in source pollution management area(0.6%) that are away from waterfront. In conclusion, according to the these results, the plan of basin ecosystem management for the water quality should be included the plan of ecosystem conservation and restoration such as improving inhabitants function, controling environmentally sound basin management, promoting biodiversity.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.934-942
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• 2010

Bentic macroinvertebrate and fish fauna were investigated from September 2008 to October 2009 in the middle reach of the Suyoung river in Busan. During the survey period benthic macroinvertebrates were collected total 35 species at the three sites (Hanmul-gyo, Dongcheon-gyo, Seokdae Jct.) of Suyoung river. At that sites, species diversity index was 1.9, 1.5, 1.6, dominance index was 0.75, 0.81, 0.86 and Korean Saprobic Index (KSI) was 1.8(B), 4.4(D), 4.4(D) on average, respectively. Dominant species was Caenis Kua, Chironomidae sp., at Hanmul-gyo site and Limnodrilus gotoi, Chironomidae sp., at Dongcheon-gyo and Seokdae Jct. sites. Fish fauna was also investigated at the two sites (Hanmul-gyo and Seokdae Jct.) of Suyoung river. Total caught fishes were 10 species 32 individuals in the first survey and 6 species 26 individuals in the second survey. Dominant species was Carassius auratus in the both surveys. Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) value was C grade at the Hanmul-gyo and D grade at the Seokdae Jct.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2007

The objective of this research was to review the correlation between microalgae and agricultural water quality. Although microalgae has been considered as an essential factor for control1ing of water ecosystem, little attention has been paid for evaluating of microalgae as an important factor for water quality management. But it can be use to make us know the water pollution state at saprobic system, LTSI (Lake Tropic State Index), DAIpo (Diatom Assemblage Index to Organic Pollution), and AGP (Algal growth potential). In saprobic system, it is used microalgae such as Actinastrum hantzschii var. fluviatile, Asterionella gracillima, Coelastrum microporum, Synedra acus, Dictyosphaerium pulchellum, Micractinium pusillum, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Microcystis aeruginosa, Scenedesmus quadricauda, and Nitzschia palea for assessment water quality. In addition, they have ecologically significant characteristics such as dominant species, cosmopolitan species, redtide causative species etc. Also, microalgae such as Botryococcus braunii, B. sp., Chlorella vulgaris, C. sp., Phormidium sp., Scenedesmus quadricauda, Selenastrum capricornutum, Spirulina maxima, and S. platensis have an effect on improvement of water quality.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 1999

Landcover change is an important factor that changes structure and function of regional ecosystem. As the rise of concern on environment quality, many studies are trying to quantify and evaluate the landsacpe in recent days. In this study, using landscape indices with RS(Remote Sensing) and GIS(Geographic Information System) technology, spatio-temporal variations of areas and distribution of forest patches were examined in the Chonan from 1985 to 1996. Fragstats 2.0 was employed to analyze and compute 31 landscape indices from 52 landcover maps. A result of this study showed that area of forest and paddy decreased as a result of urban sprawl. Especially from 1993 to 1996, the change of land use progressed rapidly because of merging a city and a country in Chonan. The size of patch in forest had been smaller and irregular form, heterogeneity of size of forest patches within sub-basin increased, and variety of patch types around forest patches increased from 1985 to 1996.