• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.238-244
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• 2000

FBGs have been extensively used as strain sensors or temperature sensors in a variety of applications related to composites because of embedding ability, small size and multiplexing capability. We inspected embedding environments inside composites with optical fiber by microscope analysis and birefringence characteristics of FBG embedded into textile composite laminate by cure monitoring using a high power WSFL. The cure monitoring of the cases with the striped FBG and the recoated FBG provided comprehensive understandings about the birefringence effect induced by the transverse stress. And these results allowed to consider a recoating method as an important tool to relieve birefringence.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-60
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• 2002

The recent trend in electronic devices has been towards light weight, low cost, high performance and improved reliability. Passive components are very important parts of microelectronic devices. The number of passive components used in hand held devices and computers continue to increase. To achieve improvements in costs, component density, performance, and reliability, embedding of these passive components into the printed circuit boards (PCBs) is required. This paper introduces the embedding of passive components, and discusses the remained challenges in the commercialization of this technique.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.3 s.75
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• pp.94-100
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• 2006

The goal of this study is to show the way to increase the safety of deteriorated PSC beam bridges by the to-box reinforcing method. This method is to change the open girder section into the closed box section by connecting bottom flanges of neighboring PSC girders with the precast panels embedding PS tendons at the anchor block. The box section is composed of three concrete members with different casting ages, RC slab, PSC beam, precast panel. This different aging requires a time-dependent analysis considering construction sequences. Reliability index and failure probability are produced by the AFOSM reliability analysis. Transversely five schemes and longitudinally two schemes are considered. The full reinforcing scheme, transversely and longitudinally, shows the highest reliability index, but it requires more cost for retrofit. The partial reinforcing scheme 4, 4-1 are recommended in this study as the economically best scheme.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.677-684
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• 2004

Plastic and creep deformations of solder joints during thermal cycling are the main factors of misalignments and power losses in optical telecommunication components. Furthermore, the increased mismatch between solder Joint-bonded areas may cause severe failure in the components. Darveaux's creep model was implemented into a finite element program (ABAQUS) to simulate creep response of solder. Based on the finite element results, thermal fatigue reliability was predicted by using various fatigue life prediction models. Also, the effects of ramp conditions, dwelling time, and solder joint-embedding materials on the reliability were investigated under the thermal cycling conditions of the Telcordia schedule (-40∼75$^{\circ}C$).

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1994 no.12
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• pp.142-146
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• 1994

This paper proposes an fill-factor algorithm that determines embedding parameters which are needed in optimal attractor reconstruction. For reliability test, using this algorithm, we reconstructs the attractor of numerical chaotic data such as Duffing equation, Lorenz equation and Rossler equation whose embedding parameters are known. Also we reconstructs the attractor of experimental data and evaluates correlation dimension. Experimental data used in this paper are 38 ECG data of AHA(American Heart Association) ECG database. For numerical chaotic data, correlation dimension and Lyapunov exponent of reconstructed attractor are very close to those of attractor using original coordinate system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3224-3242
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• 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) networks composed of a large number of sensors and actuators generate a huge volume of data and control commands, which should be enforced by strong data reliability. The end-to-end data reliability of IoT networks is an essential industrial enabler. Blockchain technology can provide strong data reliability and integrity within IoT networks. We designed a lightweight end-to-end blockchain network that applies to common IoT applications. Its enhanced modular architecture and lightweight consensus mechanism guarantee its practical applicability for general IoT applications. In addition, the proposed blockchain network is highly software compatible because it adopts the Hyperledger development environment. Directly embedding the proposed blockchain middleware platform in small computing devices proves its practicability.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.84-88
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• 2013

These days embedded technology may be the most significant development in the electronics industry. The study focused on the development of active device embedding using flexible printed circuit in view of process and materials. The authors fabricated 30um thickness Si chip without any crack, chipping defects with a dicing before grinding process. In order to embed chips into flexible PCB, the chip pads on a chip are connected to bonding pad on flexible PCB using an ACF film. After packaging, all sample were tested by the O/S test and carried out the reliability test. All samples passed environmental reliability test. In the future, this technology will be applied to the wearable electronics and flexible display in the variety of electronics product.

• Composites Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.30-38
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• 2002

Fiber Bragg grating(FBG) like other optical fiber sensors also has the merit of embedding capability. To increase their actual value related to embedding capability, this paper reported the reliability and signal characteristics of FBGS embedded in composite laminates. The microphotographs of embedded optical fibers visualized the embedding environments of stripped optical fibers and coated optical fibers. Based on these microphotographs and cure monitoring performed using FBGs, we could understand that the main cause breaking the unique Bragg condition of low-birefrigence FBG were residual stress artier curing and reported the stale of stress/strain of optical fiber quantitatively. The cure monitoring also showed the history of splitting peak of a stripped FBG along cure processing. In addition, we could obtain a transverse insensitive grating(TIG) with ease by recoating a stripped FBG. TIG has good advantage for real-time signal processing.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.399-410
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• 2017

We present a system that automatically annotates unverified Web sentences with information from credible sources. The system turns to neural theorem proving for an annotating task for cancer related Wikipedia data (1,486 propositions) with Korean National Cancer Center data (19,304 propositions). By switching the recursive module in a neural theorem prover to a word embedding module, we overcome the fundamental problem of tremendous learning time. Within the identical environment, the original neural theorem prover was estimated to spend 233.9 days of learning time. In contrast, the revised neural theorem prover took only 102.1 minutes of learning time. We demonstrated that a neural theorem prover, which encodes a proposition in a tensor, includes a classic theorem prover for exact match and enables end-to-end differentiable logic for analogous words.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose an interactive genetic algorithm (IGA) to implement an automated 2D avatar synthesis. The IGA technique is capable of expressing user's personality in the avatar synthesis by using the user's response as a candidate for the fitness value. Our suggested IGA method is applied to creating avatars automatically. Unlike the previous works, we introduce the concepts of 'hidden population', as well as 'primitive avatar' and 'simplified genotype', which are used to overcome the shortcomings of IGA such as human fatigue or reliability, and reasonable rates of convergence with a less number of iterations. The procedure of designing avatar models consists of two steps. The first step is to detect the facial feature points and the second step is to create the subjectively optimal avatars with diversity by embedding user's preference, intuition, emotion, psychological aspects, or a more general term, KANSEI. Finally, the combined processes result in human-friendly avatars in terms of both genetic optimality and interactive GUI with reliability.