• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Objectives: An outbreak of food poisoning occurred among the baseball club students at a high school in Ulsan city in 2014. An epidemiological investigation was carried out to examine the infection source and the transmission route of pathogen, and to prevent a recurrence. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted for 26 male students and 2 food handlers. Rectal swabs were examined in 7 students and the 2 food handlers, and an environmental investigation was performed. A retrospective cohort study was used to evaluate the association between risk factors and disease. Results: The attack rate was 35.7% (10 persons/28 persons) from June 9 to 14, and Enterotoxigenic E. coli ST/LT was isolated from 7 among 28 persons. The study revealed that no food was a significant risk factor for the outbreak. There were no connection between environmental factors and the outbreak. Conclusions: The major risk factors for this outbreak were presumed to be the contaminated ice cube and ice making machines and eating ice cube from the machines. More strict personal and environmental hygiene need to be enforced to prevent such outbreaks.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.89-101
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• 2015

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI) subtype H5N8 have occurred in Korea, January 2014 and it continued more than a year until 2015. And more than 5 million heads of poultry hads been damaged in 196 farms until May 2014. So, we studied the spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal patterns of the HPAI epidemics for understanding the propagation and diffusion characteristics of the 2014 HPAI. The results are expressed using GIS. Throughout the study period three epidemic waves occurred over the time. And outbreaks made three clusters in space. First spatial cluster is adjacent areas of province of Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungcheongnam-do and Gyeonggi -do. Second is Jeonlabuk-do Gomso Bay area. And the last is Naju and Yeongam in Jeollanam-do. Also, most of spatio-temporal clusters were formed in spatially high clustered areas. Especially, in Gomso Bay area space density and spatio-temporal density were concurrent. It means that the effective prevention activity for HPAI was carried out. But there are some exceptional areas such as Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungcheongnam-do, Gyeonggi-do adjacent area. In these areas the outbreak density was high in space but the spatio-temporal cluster was not formed. It means that the HPAI virus was continuing inflow over a long period.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.21 no.3 s.52
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• pp.153-158
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• 1982

The study was conducted to obtain the basic information on the diseases epidemics of vegetable crops grown in Namji, Jinju, Gimhae and Suncheon under the extremely varied and specified conditions, plastic film house. The disease survey was conducted from the end of April, 1951 to April 1982. Leaf mold and late blight were serious foliar disease in tomato during the seedling stage, especially when the infected seeds were sown. The diseases increased rapidly 35 days after seeding. In both continuous cultivation of cucumber and rotation with upland crops, incidence of Fusarium wilt was severe while incidence of the disease was negligible in cultivations after paddy rice or grafting on pumpkin. Downy mildew of cucumber was severe in Jinju and Suncheon area, however, it was not so serious in Namji area where the growing season of cucumber was unfavorable for the maximum disease incidence. Cucumber mosaic virus disease was prevalent in the areas surveyed and the disease incidence was increased rapidly after June. Powdery mildew prevailed at the early stage of cucumber growth after transplanting in Namji area. Root rot and wilting caused by Phytophthora capsici was as the most destructive disease in pepper grown under the vinyl house, especially in Namji and Jinju area where the pepper has been cultivated intensively. The Phytophthora attacked most parts of young plants during the winter time and then induced crown rot on the adults plants. Cultivation of pepper in vinyl house was almost impossible because of the Phytophora disease by the end of June. Virus diseases to tomato plants were prevalent throughout the surveyed area and the damage was also severe. In Jinju and Gimhae area leaf mold and late blight showed high infection rate in tomato during the harvest time.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.17 no.1 s.34
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• pp.23-28
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• 1978

The study has been carried to confirm the pathotypes of Kresek inducing isolates of X. oryzae, and its reaction to the test plants when they were inoculated by the use of various methods. Induction of Kresek symptom by 23 isolates which randomly samplified from 123 Kresek areas through the country also were examined. The specificity of Pathotypes I, II, V in causing Kresek and the potenciality of infected rice straw is a first inoculum for Kresek epidemics in nature were tested. Fifteen out of 23 isolates from kresek area belonged to pathotype group I, while the rest of 8 isolates 5 howed group II reaction, and the most of isolates were originated from infected rice plant of Milyang #23. All of five pathotype groups were abled to produce 'Kresek' symptom although they showed some differences in each group of pathotype. The varieties Milyang #21, 22 and 23 were attacked by all isolates of group I, II and V while the Gogyoku group varieties including Yushin produced kresek symptom only by pathotype group II. Infected and dried straw maintained the pathogens during the winter period, and these straw acted as a first inoculum of Kresek disease when the straw were cutted and used as a manure just before transplanting of rice seedling.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.77-86
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• 2020

The study aims to analyze the compliance and non-compliance of the Korean health authorities regarding WHO's mask use recommendations following the spread of Covid-19, and to suggest the limitations and implications of the recommendations in the prevention of epidemics by deriving the causes of non-compliance with the results of alternative options. To this end, documents related to masks at home and abroad are reviewed, and WHO's mask recommendations and the Korean health authorities' mask guidelines are targeted for analysis. The analysis results are as follows. First, Korea's health authorities have basically accepted and applied WHO's "limited mask user perspective" in two recommendations. Second, Korea's health authorities have implemented differently from WHO mask recommendations due to the lack of supply and demand of masks. Third, Korea's health authorities were able to succeed in the initial prevention of Corona 19 based on the stabilization of the mask supply. Fourth, in the WHO mask recommendations, mask user restriction resulted in partial errors as a recommendation. The implication derived from the analysis is that even international recommendations based on medical evidence need to be allowed to follow autonomous guidelines according to the country's quarantine situation and competence, rather than strict adherence to international rules, in the infectious disease pandemic situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.289-307
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• 2016

Infectious diseases such as Ebola virus disease become a social issue and draw public attention to be a major topic on news or research. As a result, there have been a lot of studies on infectious diseases using text-mining techniques. However, there is no research on content analysis of two media channels that have distinct characteristics. Accordingly, in this study, we conduct topic analysis between news (representing a social perspective) and academic research paper (representing perspectives of bio-professionals). As text-mining techniques, topic modeling is applied to extract various topics according to the materials, and the word co-occurrence map based on selected bio entities is used to compare the perspectives of the materials specifically. For network analysis, topic map is built by using Gephi. Aforementioned approaches uncovered the difference of topics between two materials and the characteristics of the two materials. In terms of the word co-occurrence map, however, most of entities are shared in both materials. These results indicate that there are differences and commonalties between social and academic materials.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.329-333
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• 2003

Influenzavirus were isolated from patients with acute respiratory infections in Busan during 2000-2002 and characterized their antigenic properties. In 2000, 39 viruses were isolated and they were identified as Influenzavirus. Among the isolated influenzavirus, 23 were A type influenzavirus and 16 were B type influenzavirus. As a result of antigenic characterization, the influenzavirus were determined to A/Sydney/05/97 (H3N2)-like, A/Beijing/262/95 (H1N1)-like, and B/Harbin/07/94-like virus. In 2001, 56 viruses were isolated and all of the viruses were identified as influenzavirus. They were A/Panama/2007/99 (H3N2)-like and A/Newcaledonia/20/99 (H1N1)-like virus In 2002, 114 Influenzaviruses were isolated. Among the isolated influenzavirus, 83 were A type influenzaviruses, and 31 were B type influenzaviruses. They were A/Panama/2007/99 (H3N2)-like, A/Newcaledonia/20/99 (H1N1)-like and B/Beijing/243/97, B/Honkong/22/2001, B/Sichuam/379/99-like virus when determined their antigenic properties. These results may be useful for the establishment of reliable epidemic data.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.67-86
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• 1991

In order to determine the seasonal prevalence and population dynamics of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in relation to the epidemics of Japanese encephalitis, and ecology of these vector mosquito in Kyungpook Province, Korea, studies were con- ducted during the Period of 7 years from 1984 to 1990. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus first collected in June between 4th and 28th, and trapped in large numbers during the period from mid-August to early September, showed a simple sharply pointed one-peaked curve. There was a gradual decrease from mid-September, with a very small number of them collected until early October in every year. The average number of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus rapidly decreased after 1985, and the number became particularly low in 1989. The highest population density, which was observed in August during the initial three years, was found to be delayed in the following years, accompanied by a decrease in the number of mosquitoes. In the trend of nocturnal activity of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, with oncoming darkness they become very active, gradually decreasing in activity toward mid night, but slightly increasing toward dawn. The immature stages of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus were first found in rice fields contributing to peak adult densities in mid-July. The highest average densities of Cx. trisaeniorhynchus was 14,900 per m2 on mid-August 19th. The larval Cx. tritaeniorhynchus showed high resistance levels and resistance ratios against 5 organophosphorus compounds. In the adult horisontal life table characteristics of Kyungsan colonies of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus under insectary condi- tions, life expectancy was 28.3 days for males and 59.8 days for females. The net reproductive rate was 7.8 and generation time was 25.6 days.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.109-126
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• 2018

With massive and dense production, the livestock industry is rapidly moving into a large-scale, capital-intensive industry especially in swine, poultry, and ducks. However, livestock epidemics can pose a serious threat to the livestock industry and the lives of the people. The government has established and operates the National Animal Protection and Prevention System (KAHIS) since 2013 in order to control the threat, in accordance with the five stages. The digitalized data and information are excellent in ease of management, but it is also pointed out that it is difficult to take countermeasures through linkage with the data in an emergency situation. Recently, the technology of the fourth industrial revolution such as Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Artificial intelligence (AI) has been rapidly implemented to the livestock industry, which makes smart livestock disease control system possible. Therefore, this study investigated the domestic and overseas cases which apply 4th Industrial Revolution technology in the industry, and derived 13 possible candidate tasks in the near future. In order to ascertain the priority of policy formulation, we surveyed the expert groups and examined the priority of each of the five stages of the prevention and the priority of each stage. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the establishment of policies for the advancement of smart livestock disease control research and livestock protection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.189-199
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive spatial area(preventive zone) where the movement of livestock vehicles occurs frequently. For this purpose, this study used 6 periods facility entrance data provided by KAHIS. This data was converted into vehicle movement data between livestock facilities and aggregated into administrative district units. The R-mode factor analysis was performed on the constructed OD data, and the region extracted by the same factor was judged as one region. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the factor analysis of 6 periods data showed 16 ~ 18 factors, and the derived factors explained 63 ~ 68% of the total variance. Second, based on the factors that were derived, Jeonam coastal area, Jeonnam area, Jeonbuk area, Chungnam coastal area, Gyeongnam area, northern Gyeongbuk area, Yeongnam costal area were found to be stable, with little change over time. On the other hand, Chungbuk area, Gangwon area, Seoul metropolitan area are relatively volatile areas. Third, 13 areas were derived by combining data from six periods.