• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to present an analysis model evaluating evacuation performance considering patient types and procedural evacuation in the medical facility. The user group of the medical facility, including users challenged in evacuation behavior, entails the risk of many casualties. Therefore, it is necessary to plan an evacuation procedure that considers the evacuation characteristics of users. Methods: Through the review of precedent studies, the evacuation procedure of the medical facility, the classification of patient types, and the evacuation procedure was set as conditions and variables for the analysis. The result caused by a variety of conditions and variables were explored. Results: 1) The total evacuation completion time and congestion time were shortened at the procedural evacuation. Moreover, it derived many users from evacuating at the initial phase. 2) The proposed model can provide a basis for proposing a space planning direction that considers the possibility of not carrying out the evacuation plan. 3) It supports safe evacuation by identifying variables that reduce overcrowding by comparing the congestion time of overcrowded spaces. 4) The analysis model can identify the overcrowded space through the evacuation route and suggest the basis for architectural improvements that reduce overcrowding. Implications: The study results can be used to analyze the performance of evacuation procedures and support the establishment of evacuation procedures and building plans for safe evacuation for medical facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.92-93
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• 2021

In the case of medical facilities, the evacuation time is delayed due to the decrease in the number of people in the hallway and exits due to the increase in the width of evacuation by using mobile beds, wheelchairs, crutches, etc. Accordingly, it is considered to secure evacuation capacity to reduce evacuation time according to corridor width and exit width. Accordingly, we would like to compare the standards related to the evacuation capacity of medical facilities in Korea and NFPA, derive differences, and use evacuation simulations to compare evacuation times according to changes in corridor width and exit width. In Korea, it is calculated based on the floor area by use, but in the case of NFPA 101, the number of evacuation routes, stair width, corridor exit width, and two-way door width was stipulated depending on the number of people. Using evacuation simulation, efficient evacuation capacity is calculated according to the reduction of evacuation time by changing the width of the hallway, changing the width of the exit, the width of the corridor, and the width of the exit. The evacuation simulation is intended to be used to secure evacuation safety of domestic medical facilities by calculating the effective evacuation time reduction by changing the width of the hallway and exit.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.51-52
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• 2019

Currently in domestic, it is difficult to the evacuation in fire due to the building is higher. Therefore it is necessary to evacuation safety design of building. To conduct the evacuation fire design of building, it should be done the Evacuation Safety Verification. But it is not sufficient the Study about Evacuation Safety Verification in currently domestic. Therefore in this study, we conducted the evacuation safety verification using people who they can't the evacuation themselves. The method of verification, we suggest the comparative that people who they can't the evacuation themselves and available safety evacuation time. Available safety evacuation time is determined by determined method from disaster statistics of casualties or equivalence with current standard requirement. it is doing to objectively judge of evacuation safety design validity in building.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.243-247
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• 2020

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, safety of disasters is being emphasized above all else, and electric fires are most frequent during disasters, and human and property damage is very serious. In this paper, we propose a study that can determine the efficiency of evacuation and non-evacuation guidance due to the large difference in casualties depending on the traffic line in the case of fire. Evacuation guidance was assumed to be a situation in which adequate evacuation routes were guided by a recorded voice or a trained staff, and non-evacuation guidance was assumed to be a situation without anything. Evacuation simulations were carried out using a evacuation simulation tool called PATHFINDER and SIMULEX for the analysis of the efficiency of evacuation and non-evacuation guidance. As a result, the evacuation time was similar, but in the case of non-evacuation guidance, it was not guided to the safe zone, which could cause serious damage.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1309-1323
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• 2020

Crowd evacuation simulation is an important research issue for designing reasonable building layouts and planning more effective evacuation routes. The social force model (SFM) is an important pedestrian movement model, and is widely used in crowd evacuation simulations. The model can effectively simulate crowd evacuation behaviors in a simple scene, but for a multi-obstacle scene, the model could result in some undesirable problems, such as pedestrian evacuation trajectory oscillation, pedestrian stagnation and poor evacuation routing. This paper analyzes the causes of these problems and proposes an improved SFM for complex multi-obstacle scenes. The new model adds navigation points and walking shortest route principles to the SFM. Based on the proposed model, a crowd evacuation simulation system is developed, and the crowd evacuation simulation was carried out in various scenes, including some with simple obstacles, as well as those with multi-obstacles. Experiments show that the pedestrians in the proposed model can effectively bypass obstacles and plan reasonable evacuation routes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5221-5229
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• 2013

This study focused on the construction of Korean Evacuation load Model for reflecting Korean Evacuation behaviors. For the purposes, several evacuation experiments are executed according to the ages, and the level and types of disabilities. We accumulated the data on the evacuation velocity and behavior patterns according the ages, and the level and types of disabilities. From these results, we proposed the Korean Evacuation Load Model and compared with several popular evacuation simulation model such SIMULEX. As results of these studies, we found the possibility of construction of Korean Evacuation Simulation System based on the Korean Evacuation Model including the evacuation velocity and human behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.118-122
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• 2013

For safe evacuation in the fire disaster, the evacuees must find the exit and evacuate quickly. Especially, if the evacuees don't know the location of the exit, they have to depend on the evacuation guidance system. Because the more smoke spread, the less visibility is decreasing, it is difficult to find the way to the exit by the naked eye. For theses reasons, the evacuation guidance system is highly important. However, the evacuation guidance system without change of direction has the risk that introduce to the dangerous area. In the evacuation safety assessment scenario by the evacuation simulation has the same problem. Because the evacuee in the simulation evacuate by the shortest route to the exit, the simulation result is same like the evacuation without the evacuation guidance system. In this study, it was used with MAS (Multi Agent System)-based simulation program including the evacuation guidance system to implement the change of evacuation by fire. Using this method, confidence of evacuation safety assessment can be increase.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to present an analysis model for finding the correlation between visibility and evacuation time as users move in the outpatient department of the general hospital. The spatial scope of the study was limited to the first floor and second floor which are used for the outpatient department. Traffic density in outpatient departments was surveyed on site. Based on the surveyed traffic density, the evacuation simulation model was established for calculating the escape route and evacuation time for an individual user. The traffic density of the outpatient department as per the evacuation time was also calculated. With using evacuation simulations, the flow of evacuees was calculated through the density of traffic over the time of evacuation. Visibility data were set in the simulation model for users' escape routes. A correlation analysis between the product of evacuation flow measure and visibility measure of the evacuation population and evacuation time was performed. The analysis result showed negative correlation within a specific distance range. This study presented an analysis model showing that the evacuation condition considering spatial visibility in the outpatient department of general hospital visibility was negatively related to the analyzed evacuation time at the design stage.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2024

The objectives of this study is to classify evacuation types, derive the characteristics of 4 types, develop and discover evacuation routes within the performance hall space, and present the statistical classification results of the evacuation classification model by classification type. To achieve this purpose, the characteristics of each evacuation type's four types are applied through a network reliability analysis method and utilized for institutional improvement and policy. This study applies for the building law, evacuation and relief safety standards when establishing a performance hall safety management plan, and reflects it in safety-related laws, safety standards, and policy systems. Statistical data by evacuation type were analyzed, and measurement characteristics were compared and analyzed by evacuation types. Evaluate the morphological similarity and reliability of evacuation types according to door width and passage length and propose the install position of evacuation guidance sign boards. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to provide operation strategies for safety facility evacuation information sign boards according to evacuation route classification types when taking a safety management plan. The operation strategy for the evacuation sign boards installation that integrates employee guidance and safety training is applied to the performance hall safety management plan. It will contribute to establishing an operational strategy for performance space safety when constructing performance facilities in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2017

In this study, it was simulated and analyzed the evacuation safety to identify the cadets' evacuation time by using maritimeEXODUS which is applied IMO MSC.1/Circ.1238 theory as well as the trim and heel which are the major factor of reducing the ship evacuation speed. In addition, this study carried out a simulation through the special program for fire analysis - FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) in order to find the effective evacuation time, i.e. life survival time. Particularly, this study did comparative analysis of the influence on the survival of cadets based on the collected simulation data by fire size and sort. As a result of the analysis, It was analyzed the Evacuation Allowable Limit Temperature $60^{\circ}C$ and resulted that there is no influence in evacuation by temperature. As a result of the analysis on visibility evacuation limit 5 m, it was found that the only one evacuation rallying point could not meet the evacuation safety. However, it derived the perfect evacuation safety under the condition of two rallying points available on wood fire. In case of Kerosene, it was satisfied the evacuation safety if the heeling was under $10^{\circ}$. Moreover, it could not meet the evacuation safety by evacuating through upper deck although there were two evacuation rallying points. When it was set by the lifeboat descending maximum angle-$20^{\circ}heel$ and $10^{\circ}trim$ which was described in SOLAS regulation, it was simulated that the wood fire having two evacuation rallying points in the center of the ship satisfied the evacuation safety.