• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.380-387
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating and moderating effects of fall-related efficacy and social support on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life among rural community-dwelling elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenient sampling method, and data of 438 elderly residents living in a rural community was used. The structured questionnaire included items from the Euro Quality of life-5 Dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/ depression), fall-related efficacy and social support. Results: Analysis of the mediating effect of fall-related efficacy and social support showed that there was significant mediating influence of fall-related efficacy on the relationship between frailty and health-related quality of life. There were no moderating effects of fall-related efficacy and social support. Conclusion: The findings suggest that fall-related efficacy may play a role in reducing the effect of frailty on health-related quality of life and underscore the need to consider ways of enhancing fall-related efficacy in interventions for rural community-dwelling frail elderly.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2019

Purpose : This study assessed the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on balance, fall efficacy, and fall-related fitness in stroke patients, using a cohort of 30 stroke patients divided into two groups. Methods : The experimental group (was given transcranial direct current stimulation in a virtual reality program) and the control group was given false tDCS in virtual reality. there were 15 patients in each group, receiving appropriate treatment over 30 sessions (30 minutes per session per week over a six-week period). In order to assess the change in balance before and after the intervention, the Berg Balance scale was utilized. Fall efficacy was evaluated using the Korean Falls Efficacy Scale for the Elderly (FES-K), The following exercises were performed by patients to assess fall-related fitness : sitting down in a chair and standing up : walking a 244 cm round= trip, and standing on one foot. Results : After the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significantly increased fall efficacy and fall-related fitness, while the control group exhibited no change. These findings suggest that tDCS has positive effects on balance, fall efficacy, and fall-related fitness in stroke patients. Conclusion : Using tDCS as an intervention would bring positive effects on balance, fall efficacy, and fall-related fitness in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on physical therapy intervention by comparing the physical ability and fall efficacy and depression of elderly and hospitalized elderly. Method: This study was carried out with 22 hospitalized elderly who can live in Y-Hospital and 22 elderly people in Busan. We measured body mas index, time up & go test, function reach test, 10m walking test, bracket lifting test, fall efficacy and geriatric depression scale. The data collection period was from November to December 2017. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS Win 18.00 program. Results: There was a significant difference between the elderly and hospitalized elderly form physical ability and depression(p<.05). But Fall efficacy was no significant difference(p>.05). 10m walking with TUG, heel with fall efficacy showed quantitative correlation and 10m walking with fall efficacy, depression with fall efficacy, heel with TUG, 10m walking showed amulet correlation. There was a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Elderly showed better results in physical ability and depression than hospitalized patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3383-3389
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between falls efficacy, perception of fall risk and fall prevention behavior in frail elderly. The data was collected from 300 elderly through the questionnaire. 1)the mean score of fall efficacy was $34.3{\pm}11.5$, perception of fall risk was $34.3{\pm}11.5$, and fall prevention behavior was $17.7{\pm}2.75$. 2)Fall efficacy was significantly different according to falls experience(t=2.905, p<.05). Perception of fall risk was significantly different according to falls experience (t=2.704, p<.05) and Fall prevention behavior was significantly different according to falls experience (t=2.706, p<.05). 3) It showed the negative relation between fall efficacy and perception of fall risk. It showed the positive relation between falls efficacy and falls prevention behaviors, and falls prevention behaviors and perception of fall risk. According to this study, it showed relation between fall efficacy, perception of fall risk and falls prevention behaviors. Thus it is highly recommended to include reinforce of efficacy and perception of fall risk in an effective fall-prevention program.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.155-172
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of fall-related knowledge and fall prevention self-efficacy of care-givers working in long-term care hospitals on fall prevention behaviors and fall management behaviors for older adults with dementia. Methods: Participants were 125 care-givers working in long-term care hospitals. Data were collected with structured questionnaires from August 7 to 14, 2018. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\dot{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. Results: Fall prevention self-efficacy influence fall prevention behaviors(${\beta}=.55$, p<.001), while fall-related knowledge impacted fall management behaviors(${\beta}=.43$, p<.001). Conclusions: The results suggest that an education program for fall prevention of older adults with dementia in long-term care hospitals should focus on improving the fall-related knowledge and fall prevention self-efficacy of care-givers to increase both the fall prevention behaviors and fall management behaviors of care-givers.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to find out knowledge, fear, and efficacy of fall in the community dwelling elderly and to investigate how the factors were connected to one another. Methods: Data were collected from June to August, 2009 from 101 aged people who aged 65 or older and agreed to participate in this study sampled among elders at 8 halls of the aged in local communities. The subjects were interviewed by a co-researcher and 3 trained assistants in a way of responding to the questionnaire after being read. The data were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA, Turkey's test and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Knowledge of fall was affected significantly by whether the living cost was provided or not, fear of fall was affected by sex, level of education, hearing impairment and regular exercise, and efficacy of fall was affected by age, sex, marital status, level of education, hearing impairment, vertigo and regular exercise. The results also showed a negative correlation between fear of fall and efficacy of fall. Conclusion: According to this study, regular exercise can build up knowledge and efficacy of fall and diminish fear of fall. Thus it is highly recommended to include regular exercise in an effective fall-prevention program.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

This study is a descriptive research study for examining the general characteristics and health-related characteristics of the elderly in a local community, investigating factors for the fear of fall and identifying the relationship between the fear of fall, attitude to fall and fall efficacy. The subject of this study was 140 senior citizens who are using a community center in D city. The collected data was analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. The result of the study showed there was a significant difference in the fear of fall according to gender, person living together, subjective health condition, pain and unsafe gait. There was a significant negative correlation between the fear of fall and fall fear and fall efficacy. However, fall fear and fall efficacy were positive correlated. This study aims to provide necessary preliminary data for developing fall prevention program that can improve the fear of fall, attitude to fall and fall efficay based on the results of this study.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effects of a fall prevention program on gait, balance and falls efficacy in stroke patients Methods: The study utilized a non-equivalent control group pretest and post test design. Subjects were contacted at the oriental medicine ward of D hospital in B city for strokes. The subjects were 25 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. The fall prevention program consists of fall related exercises and fall related education. Collected data were analyzed using a t-test, Chi-Square test, Fisher's exact test by SPSS 14.0 Win program. Results: The fall prevention program with exercises and education used in this study was found to be very effective in increasing gait, balance and falls efficacy in patients with stroke. Conclusion: The fall prevention program used in this study seems appropriate for stroke patients. Thus, further research to refine the efficacy and application of this program is warranted.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.253-263
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was conducted to compare the fear of falling, self-efficacy and fall prevention behavior according to the fall experience of the elderly. Methods : The subjects of this study were 162 elderly in B metropolitan city. The data collection period was from September 10th to November 30th of 2018. The collected data was processed using SPSS 21.0 and was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test. Results : The mean scores for fear of falling according to the fall experience and no fall experience of the elderly were 2.28±0.63 and 1.84±0.64 respectively and the results showed that fear of falling (t=4.26, p<.001) and self-efficacy of falling (t=3.88, p<.001) were significantly different between the two groups, but the mean scores for fall prevention behavior according to the fall experience and no fall experience of the elderly were 1.63±0.20 and 1.67±0.17 respectively and there was no significantly different in fall prevention behavior (t=-1.16, p=.25). Fear of falling according to the fall experience was significantly different by age (F=3.25, p<.05) and physical activity related to daily life (F=13.22, p<.001). Self-efficacy according to the fall experience was significantly different by age (F=3.03, p<.05), income per month (F=3.74, p<.05) and physical activity related to daily life (F=11.99, p<.001). But fall prevention behavior was no significantly different of general characteristics. Fear of falling according to the no fall experience was significantly different by age (F=3.37, p<.05), marriage status (F=3.37, p<.05), education level (F=5.15, p<.01), income per month (F=3.58, p<.05) and physical activity related to daily life (F=15.71, p<.001). Self-efficacy according to the no fall experience was significantly different by sex (t=2.32, p<.05), age (F=5.20, p<.01), marriage status (F=5.04, p<.01), education level (F=6.55, p<.001), income per month (F=5.99, p<.001) and physical activity related to daily life (F=18.86, p<.001). Fall prevention behavior was significantly different by marriage status (F=3.51, p<.05). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest the following : it is necessary to develop a program that can lower the fear of falling in the elderly and to increase the self-efficacy of falling, and to develop an education program that can improve the elderly's practice of fall prevention behavior regardless of the fall experience and to verify its effectiveness.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2017

Purpose: This research was conducted to determine the effects of fall prevention exercise and education on physical fitness, fall efficacy, and fall prevention behavior among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This study applied nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from January 8th to March 4th, 2015. There were 24 subjects in the experimental group and 21 in the control group from two different senior citizen center in B city. The fall prevention program consisted of exercise, education, and telephone coaching was developed using self-efficacy theory: 'Performance accomplishment', 'Vicarious experience', 'Verbal persuasion', 'Emotional arousal'. Then, it was conducted once a week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed with $x^2$ test and t-test using the SPSS program. Results: The findings indicated that fall prevention program conducted on older adults is good for improving their muscular strength in lower extremities (t=6.25, p<.001), physical balance (t=2.66, p=.014), physical flexibility (t=2.88, p<.001) and fall prevention behavior (t=6.19, p<.001). Conclusion: The fall prevention program can be used for community-dwelling older adults as a nursing intervention that enables older adults to enhance their self-care continuously. It is necessary to conduct a follow-up study to see if a self-help meeting could improve self-efficacy.