• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 2006

Fascism is a term that began to be used from the late 1930s, means an idea and a system that the strong power of the state intervenes or control people's life based on the argument that the existential value of individuals is found only in the total. Fascist looks, which resulted from World War I and II, had brought a new pattern in women's fashion inspired by men's military uniforms. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify fascist fashion trends in the first half of the twentieth century and to infer various aesthetic values of fascism expressed in fascist fashion looks. The results of this study indicated that expressions of fascism reflected the current ideology of rebellion and appealed to the original national sentiment of the masses. Fascism occurred in response to the contradiction of capitalism and its general crisis had emerged as an ideology with the highest popularity symbolizing power and government during the first half of the twentieth century. It was expressed in military looks as self-centered nationalism and yearning for minorities. Second, fascist fashion looks were not only for political and sexual temptation with the image of power but also for the display of women's status and roles through the bold expression of sexual attractiveness. Finally, fascist fashion looks expressed medieval images praising the feudal age in imagination that contained heroism and at the same time achieved integration under strict social hierarchical order.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.845-858
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to identify the association of military looks with fascist aesthetics and to infer various aesthetic values of fascism expressed in military looks. The research method is documentary studies through the literature and academic papers, and examined masters' and doctors' theses, domestic and overseas books and fashion magazines, photographs and materials collected from the Internet. The facism expressed in military looks is as follows: First, nationalism, reflecting the current ideology of rebellion, appeals to the original national sentiment of the masses. Second, temptation implies that fascism tempts the mass using the nature of charisma rather than by force and, by doing so, accumulates mighty power without military force. Third, mythology is utilizing images and symbols of great appeal to people for absolute power beyond the concept of time. In order to express power for the effusion of emotional energy through the vision for realities and the magical power of images. Fourth, barbarism is always harbored in the conflict and confrontation of interests among ideas, economies, religions and classes on the other side of contemporary civilized society.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.81-99
• /
• 2009

The study is on the analysis of Adalberto Libera's works, which are those of the competition works for international congress hall in 'E42'. I exerted a conclusion from analysis and studies of congress palace as well as informed data about architect Libera and uninformed original sketch of it. 1. Through analysis of original sketch data in possession of archives of paris Centre Pompidue and relevant sketch from the works, Libera adopts the modern architecture of Italy to the formalization process of concept as one of architectural methods. 2.In contrast to the way of elucidation of historicity of classicism architect, Libera's initial sketch is one of the traits from modernist's architectural concept process. Libera completes his architectural style to have developed new architecture vocabulary from 'Floating transparent box' which was result from intuition and imagination. 3 By comparing all the first plan, the second plan and constructed project, we can infer that Libera's plan was influenced by E42's classicism urban environment and masterplanner Piacentini. In addition, through historicity explanation method of modernist, it is adjudicated that the front side of facade with classism and the back side of facade with modern are partially accepted. 4. By analysing architectural concept's formalization process from original sketch of Congress palace, outstanding architect of Italian Fascism architecture, it provided new methods of architectural programming with the concrete examples.

• 복식문화학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 복식문화학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.63-64
• /
• 2003

세계화의 물결은 자본운동의 자유를 극대화시키려는 ‘신자유주의’의 영향을 받아 탈규제화, 유연화, 개방화, 자유화의 특징을 보이고 있다. 신자유주의는 현 시기의 세계자본주의 체제의 가장 중요한 이데올로기적, 정치적 조류를 가리키는 개념으로써 시장적(市場的) 가치만을 절대시 한다. 이는 곧 ‘시민사회 가 활성화되는 속에서 시민사회가 실질적으로 소멸하는 현상’이 생겨남으로써 시민 사회적 전체주의에 이르게 만드는 신자유주의적 파시즘 체제를 일컫는다. (중략)

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제8권7호
• /
• pp.161-173
• /
• 2008

영화 [실미도](2003)는 은폐되었던 역사적 사실을 폭로하면서 실미도에서 행해진 특수부대의 훈련 과정을 스펙타클하게 묘사한다. 말하자면 영화라는 허구적 공간이 사실적으로 변모된다. 영화는 파쇼적인 정부에 대해 비판적 시각과 함께 정부의 권위를 보호하는 이데올로기적 모순을 노출시킨다. 또한 영화는 이런 역사적 사건을 재현하는데 있어서 신파와 같은 멜로적 표현에 의한 감성적 과잉으로 묘사한다. 여기서 관객의 동화작용은 비극적 민족 담론으로부터 파생되는 감정 이입으로 성취된다. [실미도]는 이성적 차원이 아닌 감성적 차원에서 상상의 공동체라는 민족의식에 호소하는 영화이다. 시각적 영상은 남과 북으로 나뉜 민족적 비극이라는 감상주의에 의해 더욱 고조된다. [실미도]는 신파적인 감상주의를 통해 분단 이데올로기에 의해 야기된 비극적 상황을 더욱 심화시킨다. 더구나 이 비극에서 군사정부는 야만적으로 묘사되는데 비해 실미도 부대원들은 영웅적으로 묘사되고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.259-267
• /
• 2011

독일은 19세기 후반기에 통일을 이루었지만 급격한 도시화와 물질주의 속에서 많은 혼란을 겪으며, 정신적인 혁명을 통해 독일적인 문화를 찾고자 하는 움직임이 지식인층을 중심으로 퍼져나갔다. 현실 속에서 발생하는 분노, 슬픔, 억압 등의 심리적 상태를 본능적인 감성에 충실하며, 그대로 표현하게 됨으로써 자연스럽게 형태가 왜곡되거나 과장되며, 강렬하고 어둡고 내성적인 분위기의 낭만주의적 전통을 잇게 되었다. 파시즘의 나치에 의해 '퇴폐미술'로 낙인찍히며 막을 내렸던 표현주의 미술이 20세기 말에 다시 독일을 중심으로 일어났다는 사실은 주목할 만한 일이다. 비록 신표현주의자들이 다양한 오브제와 매체를 적극적으로 사용하기는 하지만, 그들은 인간 내면세계를 표출하고자 과거 표현주의자들이 즐겨 썼던 인물, 신화, 상징을 거친 붓 터치와 풍부한 색채 등으로 다시 화면에 등장시키며 독일의 문화와 사회에 대한 희망을 은유적으로 표현하고 있다. 따라서 신표현주의의 근원이라고 할 수 있는 표현주의에 대해 살펴보며 이들이 독일 전통 낭만주의와 어떠한 맥락에서 일치하며 현대 미디어콘텐츠로 계승 발전 되었는지를 논하고자 하였다.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 이탈리아 파시즘시대의 건축가중 가장 중요한 건축가인 쥬세삐 떼라니의 대표작인 까자 델 파쇼작품을 분석한 것이다. 본 연구는 2002년 8월 1개월동안 현지조사를 통하여 지금까지의 연구의 한계를 벗어나기 위해서 꼬모에 있는 떼라니의 문서창고의 원본자료의 재조사를 기초로 하여 지금까지 미공개로 남아 있던 자료까지 분석하였다. 남아 있는 자료들중 이미 공개된 자료와 지금까지 미공개 자료를 분석하여 초기의 계획안에서부터 최종 시공된 계획안에 이르기까지 총망라한 분석을 통하여 결론적으로 이 계획안에 관한 건축가 떼라니의 기본적 접근 방법을 이해 할 수 있는 계기를 제공하였다. 분석의 결과는 다음과 같은 2개의 결론이 얻어졌다. 1) 초기 계획안에서 건립될 대지의 주변의 물리적 환경이 최후 완공된 건축물의 외형과 직접적인 상관성을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 특히 인접한 꼬모 듀오모성당의 파사드와 물리적 형태 면에서 결정적인 연관을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 2)건축가는 계획안을 위해 형성한 이미지가 구체적인 물리적 형태로 표현된 과정을 조사해 보면, 비록 문서창고에 남겨진 자료의 순차적 발전 순서에 따른 분석은 불가능하였지만 초기 계획안에서 형성된 기본 개념적인 이미지는 수차에 걸쳐 변경된 계획안은 물론, 최종 시공된 건축물의 형태에도 결정적인 영향을 준 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제58권5호
• /
• pp.809-837
• /
• 2012

Philip Roth rejects the narrative unity and singularity of the traditional novel and creates instead a multi-levelled, fragmentary, and repetitive narrative. It is not easy to distinguish fact from fiction in The Plot Against America. As an entertaining and creative work of the postmodern historiographic metafiction, Philip Roth's The Plot Against America interrogates the existence of historically verifiable facts, the validity of authentic and official version of history, and reexamines the narrative conventions of history writing. The aim of this paper is to examine Roth's narrative experiment or 'thought experiment' and to explore the intention of creating alternative history in The Plot Against America. Roth does a 'thought experiment' in The Plot Against America. In this cautionary "what if" political fable, Roth hypothesizes that in 1940 aviation hero Charles Lindbergh, an ardent isolationist who was sympathetic to Hiltler, won the presidency. Jewish communities are stunned and terrified as America flirts with fascism and anti-semitism. Reimagining his children-with considerable fact mixed in with the fiction-Roth narrates an alternative history that has an unsettling plausibility. Roth has constructed a brilliantly telling and disturbing historical prism by which to refract the American psyche as it pertain to the discord of individual, race, history in The Plot Against America. Roth analyzes the life of individual in a historic space, the situation of anti-semitism in world of invisible order, racial conflict between black and white in world of visible order, and the darkest side of national power in this work. Roth's stories argue for the equality of various cultures grounded on the common notion of humanity, for an ethic of mutual respect, and for the peaceful resolution of conflicts.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.67-86
• /
• 2008

Main theme of this paper is the evaluation of the historical significance of Luciano Baldessari's exhibition works mainly during the Fifties. In order to understand the formal and logical basis of those project, his relationship with the historical Avant-gardes and the consequences expressed in his pavilion projects for the Breda Industrial Company are analyzed. The first part focuses on the influence of Italian Futurism, German Expressionism and Italian Rationalism on the formation and experience of Baldessari during the interwar years. The encounter with these movements determine the interest but also the principles along which Baldessari represents his idea of object, space and place. Specially his professional activities during Fascism would determine his attitude toward political power and the necessity of autonomy in artistic sphere. In the second part, different themes that Baldessari affronted in each project of Breda Pavilions is analyzed. Another important issue regard the historiography of the contemporary architecture. Often, many important works that lies in the threshold of the disciplines such as painting and sculpture and media art were excluded in the history of architecture just because they do not deal with the architectural object. Recently, many elements such as theatrical project and temporary objects are considered as part of urban reality and architecture with acknowledgment of their capacity to create event and situations. Along this thought, not just the reconfiguration on the territory of architecture in present but also the criterion to evaluate the past history of architecture is changing drastically. This study on the pavilions of Baldessari intends to contribute indirectly on the current issue of dominion of architecture, but also to evaluate objectively recent architecture. Consequently, architectural protagonists such as Baldessari and their ephemeral projects would be evaluated compressively in their multiplicity of significance.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.515-527
• /
• 2011

Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day, Winifred Watson's novel of 1938, is a fairytale in novel form. Set in London of 1938, the story revolves around a one-day adventure of an ill-starred but truthful governess who is granted a second chance. This light-hearted comedy of manners was turned into a film by director Bharat Nalluri in 2008. An Anglo-American collaboration, co-scripted by Simon Beaufoy and David McGee, the film converts Watson's quaint novel into an edged heritage piece that encapsulates the 1930s, the problematic decade between the two World Wars. The film, while sustaining the narrative core of Watson's Cinderella story, attempts to place it firmly within a wider current of the novel's setting or London in 1938, tapping into the major concerns of the interwar years that engage with characters in one way or another. Stylistically, the film presents Art Deco as a main visual idiom to convey the prevailing mood of nihilism and decadence of the day. The setting here takes on significance in that it offers a telling counterpoint to the giddy superficial world of the novel. The 1930s was a highly charged decade under the threat of fascism and the Great Depression, fraught with economic and socio-political tensions and apprehensions. The film makes an explicit reference to the dismal context which is suppressed in the original text. The thirties is, therefore, portrayed as a decade of contradiction. It features gay buoyant festivity, rampant consumerism, and shifting morals and attitudes towards love, marriage and sexuality. Yet lurking beneath the surface glamour are the symptoms of crises and the deep-seated anxieties on the eve of World War II. In this way, Watson's novel of manners has been recreated into a defining film on the 1930s with its period feel propped by the atmospheric lighting, the exuberant Jazz score, and the splendid Art Deco costume and production design.