• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2018

In recent years, the numbers of the orthodontic dental patients have been rapidly increased in adolescent or young adult aged generation. It has been well known that it would be very hard to control the oral hygiene cares for orthodontic applied dental patient because of the complexity of the appliance. So the caries prevalence of the orthodontic dental patients would be higher than non-appliance persons, and it might be easy to cause the dental caries especially on the labial or buccal surface of the tooth through equipping the fixed type appliance with a long period, even though the alignment of the teeth would be arranged well. So, the massive preventive program for preventive dentistry should be needed for the dental patients for orthodontic treatment, in order to protect the dental caries and the periodontal disease for them. But, lots of the dentists or dental hygienists sometimes neglect of this point for preventive dental cares orthodontic dental patients, or do not know the importance and how to manage the skill for the preventive dental works in clinical. In this article, it will be introduced the basic theories and skills for preventive cares as tooth-brushing instruction, fluoride topical application and pit and fissure sealant, scaling and professional mechanical tooth cleansing and the diet control, for the dental patients with the fixed type of the orthodontic appliance, in case by case.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.637-649
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• 1997

Early orthodontic treatment in growing children requires the removable orthodontic appliances. The removable orthodontic appliance can be used in the primary dentition and mixed dentition. The purposes of use of removable orthodontic appliance in prmary dentition or mixed dentition are the interception of skeletal or dental malocclusion, guiding the normal dentition, and retention after comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Therefore, it is needed to use the removable orthodontic appliance in children with malocclusion. This report presents cases of growing children with skeletal class II and III malocclusion treated with removable orthodontic appliance during mixed dentition and Multiloop Edgewise Arch Wire(MEAW) during permanent dentition. The results obtained through these cases were summarized as follows : 1. Removable orthodontic appliances guide normal dentition and skeletal growth in growing children. 2. Removable orthodontic appliances play an important role in intercepting malocclusion in mixed dentition before use of fixed orthodontic appliance. 3. MEAW can be applied to finishing stage of all cases and is effective in correction of occlusal plane, achievement of interdigitation, and control of dental inclination. 4. It is needed that removable appliances are used during mixed dentition through correct diagnosis and fixed appliance are used in permanent dentition.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.45 no.4 s.455
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• pp.238-247
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• 2007

Traction of impacted tooth often requires patient compliance to place elastics to surgically exposed impacted tooth. It can be very difficult and time-consuming. The aim of this article was to describe an impacted tooth tractor, Moon's appliance, which was modified from the Nance holding arch appliance. Moon's appliance eliminates patient compliance and generates a light continuous force. We achieved the desired treatment results for impacted tooth using this appliance. This new fixed appliance can be a reasonable alternative to conventional appliances.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.23 no.4 s.43
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• pp.447-454
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• 1993

Patient with skeletal class II relationship was treated with L-ARS. L-ARS is fixed functional appliance that could be effective in children and adolescent patient who don't wear activator. The following results were obtained ; 1) Growth of Mandible was stimulated and overjet was decreased, therefore coupling of anterior teeth was established with L-ARS which is fixed functional appliance. 2) These changes were accomplished with Mandibular skeletal growth with no effect on the Maxilla. 3) L-ARS was especially effective on patient who deny to wear the removable functional appliance.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.3 s.46
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• pp.659-672
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• 1994

Dental caries is one of the most prevalent dental diseases in Korea and its prevention is very important in orthodontic therapy. For the cleansing action of saliva itself and/or tooth-brushing is lowered in patient with fixed orthodontic appliance, oral hygiene of the patient becomes worse, which provides more favorable environment for micro-organisms. Chlorhexidine, one of the series of bisguanide, has been reported to be strong antimicrobial agent and very effective on Streptococcus mutans. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of chlorhexidine as a anticariogenic agent in fixed orthodontic therapy. We used the varnish containing chlorhexidine as a main ingredient for the chemical control of salivary S.mutans in patients with fixed appliance therapy We applied the varnish containing chlorhexidine on the labial and interproximal surface of the teeth before bonding and banding teeth of our patients(N=20) and compared to control group patients(N=20). Before the application of chlorhexidine varnish and four times periodically after the completion of fixed appliance set-up, we sampled saliva of both group patients and incuvate S.mutans for 24 hours. In the culture study of sampled saliva, counting the number of S.mutans colonies, we founded as follows : 1. In patients with fixed appliance therapy, the risk of dental caries increase when it compared to that of preorthodontic treatment ; The number of salivary S.mutans increase in Patient's oral cavity. 2. The experimental agent that contain chlorhexidine is effective to reduce the number of salivary S.mutans. 3. For the effect of this agent is not ever-lasting, periodical application is needed, and additional study for economical interval and number of application is needed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.23 no.4 s.43
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• pp.661-669
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate a possibility of chronic or intermittent bacteremia in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance. Orthodontic patients who had been injured by orthodontic appliances and/or suffered from gingivitis were selected. They had not taken any antibiotics for 1 month. The number of subjects were 21 including 7 males and 14 females. Blood samples of the subjects were cultured and, IgG, IgA and IgM levels in the serum were quantified. The author found following results. 1. No bacterial growth was found in 7-day culture of all the samples. 2. The immunoglobulin levels in serum were confined in normal range. 3. This study could not deny the possibility of transient bacteremia episode undergoing orthodontic treatment.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.563-574
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• 2016

A clear overlay appliance is a type of a removable appliance made from transparent thermoplastic plastic film that covers the entire dentition to move the teeth. It is one of the most favored orthodontic methods opted for by adult patients; this treatment is esthetic, does not cause discomfort and allows oral hygiene to be easily managed when compared to other conventional fixed treatment methods. However, the use of clear overlay appliances, such as invisalign or clear aligner, is associated with various clinical challenges. In particular, the appliances require longer treatment periods compared to fixed treatment, and due to the structural characteristics of the appliances, it is difficult to make proper posterior occlusion and certain type of tooth movement, including extrusion, rotation and tip. Thus, the clear overlay appliances are regarded as supplementary appliances by most orthodontists and have been used for simple orthodontic treatments, such as partial anterior alignments or orthodontic relapse cases. Owing to the remarkable advancement in the field of 3D digital technology over a period of 15 years, the accuracy and convenience of modern clear overlay appliances have continuously improved. Moreover, orthodontic outcomes have also been greatly improved by the introduction of new materials and successful application of various biomechanical methods from conventional orthodontic treatments in the design of clear overlay appliances. This study investigates the clinical limitations that should be considered during the application of clear overlay appliances and also examines the efforts and methods used to overcome these challenges.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.705-715
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• 1996

The lingual multibracket appliance was developed to overcome the unesthetic nature of traditional fixed orthodontic labial appliances; however, treatment with this appliance was regarded as very difficult as well as a time-consuming. Recently, these problems have been reduced because of advances in lingual bracket systems, improved indirect bonding technique and the development of more flexible wires. There has been a marked increase in the number of adults desiring orthodontic treatment over recent years and many of these patients tend to seek invisible orthodontic appliances due to esthetic reasons. Although the lingual multibracket treatment is not ideal, this form of treatment is currently the best option for the patients with esthetic concerns. Here, I would like to present a case treated successfully with lingual multibracket appliance.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.291-301
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• 1985

Fifty subjects who were to be treated with fixed orhodontic appliances by light wire edgewise technique were selected. Bands with different marginal depth were made in first molar and direct bonding brackets were bonded in second premolar. For determining the effects of fixed orthodontic appliance on the gingival tissue, the changes of clinical crown length, periodontal pocket depth, gingival sulcus fluid were checked. The results were as follows: 1. Gingival condition was deteriorated after wearing the fixed orthodontic appliance, and the deteriorative rate was decreased gradually. 2. The greatest gingival change was occurred in the maxillary first molar among the experimental teeth. 3. The gingival change of maxillary teeth was greater than that of mandibular teeth. $(p\leq0.01)$ 4. The greater gingival change was occurred around subgingivally located band than around supragingivally located band. 5. Comparing the gingival changes of banded teeth with them of bonded teeth, the gingival tissue was more effected by oral hygiene than by type of appliances. 6. In the quantitive changes of gingival crevicular fluid, there was no exact relationship with gingival inflammation.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2011

Objective: This case report describes orthodontic treatment of contracted mandibular arch using a trombone appliance. Methods: A 14-year-old girl with Class II division 2 malocclusion, retroclined maxillary incisors, and buccally displaced maxillary canines required dental expansion in 3 spatial directions to correct the contracted maxillary and mandibular arches. In the initial phase of treatment, the maxillary arch was expanded and distalized using a quad-helix appliance and cervical headgear. Following the expansion and leveling of the maxillary arch, a trombone appliance was used to expand the mandibular arch. On correction of the mandibular arch and provision of sufficient space to level the mandibular teeth, fixed orthodontic treatment phase was initiated. Results: A trombone appliance proved effective in correcting the contracted mandibular arch. Because of labiolingual and transversal expansion, the mandibular dental arch perimeter was increased by 7.4 mm; the misalignment of the mandibular teeth was corrected successfully. Conclusions: A trombone appliance may serve as an appropriate clinical alternative for treating moderate mandibular arch crowding caused by the contraction of the dental arch.