• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.203-206
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• 2015

'Baekjung' adaptable to high temperature was made by crossing between monokaryon derived from selfing of brown strain and monokaryon derived from Korea white strain. In the condition that temperature is maintained at $10^{\circ}C$ without low temperature of $4^{\circ}C$ suppressing treatment and wrapping during cultivation period, it showed good productivity than Uri1ho(control). The optimum temperature of mycelial growth was $30^{\circ}C$ and that of fruiting body initiation and development were $14^{\circ}C$ and $7^{\circ}C$, respectively. The days for the fruiting and yield were 7 days and $277{\pm}11.2$ g per 1,100 ml bottle, respectively. This variety needed high concentration of carbon dioxide up to 4,000 ppm for the good quality.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 1975

Various enzymes produced by the Basidiomycetes, i.e. Pleurotus ostreatus, Pholiota nameko and Flammulina velutipes have been analysed. The purpose of the analyses is to produce a nutritious fertilizer from saw dust, sweet potato stems, corn stems and barley stems which are known as the farm product waste materials. The results of the analyses are as follows: 1. In order for P. ostreatus, Pho. nameko and F. velutipes to grow properly, the saw dust of broad-leaved trees, poplar and chestnut were mixed with sweet-potato stems, corn stems and barley straws at the ratio of $42{\sim}49\;:\;30$, and then to this mixture was added rice bran at the ratio of $18{\sim}35\;:\;30$ The following proved to be optimum conditions for the growth in this test: the parcentage of water content $60{\sim}70%$, $24{\sim}26^{\circ}C$ degrees of temperature. 2. We analyzed the fiber contained in the above materials after 20 days growth in various media. We found out that the fiber was decomposed up to $47{\sim}50%$ and polysaccharified. Lignin was decomposed up to $20{\sim}25%$ and about three times as much protein was contained in the product as in the original materials. 3. Our analyses revealed the possibility of producing concentrated feed from the crude fiber.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.305-316
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the total amount and type of seleniwn (Se) in the Se-enriched mushroom and its spent mushroom composts (SMC), and to investigate the metabolism in relation to Se accwnulation in the mushroom. Mushrooms, Flammulina velutipes, used in this study were grown for 60 days by adding 2 rng of inorganic Se (Na2Se03) per kg of mushroom composts (MC) on as-fed basis and were compared with normal mushrooms grown on the non Se-supplemented Me. Total Se contents for Se-treated mushrooms were significantly increased (P < 0.0001) by 20-fold (4.51 $\mu$/ g of dry) compared to Se-untreated (0.23 $\mu$/ g of dry). On the contrary, organic Se ratio was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) in the Se-treated mushroom (72.3 %) than the Se-untreated one (100 %, not analytically detected of inorganic Se). Se distribution upon a length in the Se-treated mushrooms was the highest in the bottom part (6.86 $\mu$/ g of dry) near to MC, and top and middle parts were significantly lower (3.71 and 3.01 $\mu$/ g of dry, respectively; P < 0.001) than the bottom. In the SMC from Se-treated mushrooms, the significant amount of Se (5.04l1g/g of dry) was remained, but that from the Se-untreated mushrooms was significantly low (P$\mu$ / g of dry. Se-treated SMC showed a high ratio of organic Se (65.67 %), suggesting that the significant amount of inorganic Se in the SMC was converted to organic Se by mushroom mycelia. Prior to mycelia inoculation in the mushroom culture, the sterilization of MC brought approximately 18% of Se loss in the MC. Apparent and net accumulation rates (%) for Se into mushrooms were 14.81 and 10.14 %, respectively, resulting from the Se volatilization into the air via metabolic process of mushroom itself. The result of this study shows that inorganic Se addition to MC for mushroom improved the organic Se contents in the mushroom and SMC. This study showed the possibility that Se in Se-enriched mushroom and SMC could be utilized as Se sources of food for human as well as feed for livestock.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2005

Highly Activated Calcium(below HAC) is the oxidized calcium made by dissolving shell materials with high voltage about 15,000V and high temperature ($1,500{\sim}5,000^{\circ}C$). This HAC is a material with a very high degree of purity without toxicant. This HAC decreases chemical reaction so the degree of being active and dissolving living material is outstanding. The effects of HAC on the propagation of mushrooms are following. In the case of the Pleurotus ostreatus, when controlling media moisture by mixing with the HAC, mycelium cultivating days were shortened by 2days. The day required for primordial formation after inoculation(DPI) were one day faster. The number of stem was 15 and individual weight was 248g/850cc, a 6.5% increase. In the case of Pleurotus eryngii, when controlling media moisture by mixing with the highly activated calcium, mycelium cultivating days were shortened by 3days. DPI were l day faster. The day required for colonization after inoculation was shortened by 6days and individual weight was 108.8g/850cc, a 9.7% increase. In the case of Flammulina velutipes, the highly activated calcium was the best for scraping up mycelium. Mycelium incubating days were shortened by 2days. DPI were shortened by 3days. The day required for colonization after inoculation was 1day faster and the period of cultivation was shortened by 3days. Individual weight was 165g/850cc, a 6.7% increase. In the case of Lentinula edodes, when mixing media with the highly cultivated calcium, cultivating days were shortened by 3 days. The days for becoming brown in color were 2 days faster and the days of the first harvest were shortened by 4 days. The weight of mushrooms was 169g/2kg, a 9.7% increase.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.159-163
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• 2013

We made the first Korean white commercial strain 'Baek-a' developed by crossing between monokaryons derived from brown strains. This variety can be estimated as the Korea's indigenous one different from the origin of Japanese white ones. The optimum temperature of mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$ but it needed to adjust to $18{\sim}20^{\circ}C$ when incubated at the bottle cultivation. The optimum temperatures of fruiting body initiation and development were $12{\sim}13^{\circ}C$ and $67^{\circ}C$, respectively. Fruiting body of 'Baek-a' was pure white even developed from crossing with brown strains. 'Baek-a' was a good variety with high quality and high productivity characterized as quite even budding habit, long stipes and hemi-spherical pilei. The days for the fruiting was 7 days and the productivity was $111{\pm}34$ g per 850 ml. This variety needed high concentration of carbon dioxide and it had to be adjusted up to 4,000 ppm for the good quality.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2021

This study investigated the changes in the antioxidant activity, nitrite scavenging activity, and ��-glucan content of processed raw materials (Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes, and Flammulina velutipes) brought about by storage at room temperature (20-25℃) and low temperature (4℃). The results indicated that DPPH free radical scavenging activity was the lowest in air-dried and roasted samples that were stored at room temperature, k with the exception of the air-dried samples of P. eryngii and L. edodes. For total polyphenol contents, all roasted samples of the edible mushrooms stored at room and low temperature decreased compared with the samples pre-storage, except for the air-dried samples of P. eryngii, P. ostreatus, and L. edodes. Furthermore, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and reducing power of the air-dried and roasted samples stored at room temperature and low temperature tended to increase compared to that before storage. Moreover, the ��-glucan content in the air-dried and roasted samples stored at room temperature was significantly lower compared to that before storage, as well as to that in the samples stored at low temperature (p<0.05). The results of this study may help predict the degree to which biological activities in processed edible mushrooms change when stored at room temperature and/or low temperature conditions.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.6 no.3_4
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

A new commercial strain 'Garlmoe' was developed by crossing monokaryons from selected wild strains. The optimal temperature of mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$ but it needed to adjust to $16{\sim}18^{\circ}C$ when incubated at the bottle cultivation. The optimal temperatures of fruiting body initiation and development were almost same to others like as $14^{\circ}C$ and $7{\sim}10^{\circ}C$, respectively. The color of 'Garlmoe' was typical to wild winter mushroom, that is, pileus was brown and lower part of stipe was dark brown. The surface on pileus of 'Garlmoe' was sticky 'Garlmoe' was a good commercial strain with high quality and high productivity characterized as quite even budding habit, straight and strong stipes and convex type pilei. The taste of this variety was very excellent because of better chewing feeling than white ones.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2010

This study was carried out to select cell wall degrading enzymes for maximizing protoplast yield from Basidiomycetes. The protoplasts were released from spore suspension, mycelia cultured on cellophane membrane, and homogenized mycelia of Flammulina velutipes using commercial cell wall degrading enzymes. The highest yield of protoplasts was obtained from the homogenized mycelia treated with the enzyme combination of $Glucanex^R$ 200G and cellulase onozuka R-10. The protocol was also available for Pleurotus ostreatus, P. eryngii, and Hypsizygus marmoreus.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2009

The mushroom takes in charge of decomposer in ecosystem and its production is important indicator for sounded ecosystem function. To determine standing crop of basidiocarps(fruit body of mushroom), a weight must be measured by harvesting mushroom individual in the field. But this method has profound affection on the basidiocarps population or its surrounding condition due to habitat destruction. Thus, in this study, without harvesting any mushroom in the field, we developed allometric equation using some morphological parameters to estimate standing crop biomass of basidiocarps. Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes and Conocybe tenera were used for allometry. Morphological variables of the mushroom were pileus diameter, pileus area, stipe length and stipe thickness. Consequently, all the experimental mushrooms species showed significantly correlation in biomass estimation of basidiocarps from allometric equation (p<0.05). As a result of this research, the standing biomass of the basidiocarps could be indirectly estimated with proportional expression, allometric equation drived from morphological characters.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.513-518
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• 2004

The effect of polyethylene film(PE) packaging of golden mushroom wrapped with Korean paper containing 20% mica powder on the changes in weight, color, texture, PPO activity, number of total microbe(TM) and sensory quality during storage at 10℃ were investigated. The experiments were divided to 3 groups(control; only PE packaging, KP; PE packaging wrapped with Korean paper up and down of the sample, KPM; PE packaging with Korean paper containing 20% mica powder up and down of the sample). The weight of the mushroom in the KPM was the lowest until 9 days-storage, but the weight was the highest at 15 days-storage, showing 12.5% higher against the initial weight. L* values of the mushrooms in the control and KP treatment were decreased, but the value in the KPM treatment was maintained as the same of the initial value during storage. The increasing rate of a* and b* values in the all plots during storage was the lowest in KPM and in order of KPM