• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

Fucoidan is a physiologically functional ingredient extracted from seaweed brown algae, which is a sulfated polysaccharide containing fucose as a main molecule backbone. Fucoidan has a variety of immune-modulating or -stimulating effects, including promoting antigen uptake and enhancing anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-tumor effects. In addition, recent studies have suggested the possibility of use of fucoidan as a vaccine adjuvant in the field of human vaccine. Use of fucoidan as supplementary feeds have already been studied, but the development of fucoidan as an adjuvant of fish vaccine is still premature. However, the intracellular uptake of fucoidan differs depending on the molecular weight of fucoidan, and there is a limit to the study on specific immune response including the production of antibodies to fish caused by an artificial infection of pathogen. Although the safety of fucoidan has been demonstrated in animal cells, there is a need to confirm the safety of fucoidan in fish. Therefore, active research in this field is needed to use fucoidan as a vaccine adjuvant. This study discussed the effects of fucoidan on immune stimulation, humoraland cellular- immunity including humans and animals. The prospect of fucoidan as a vaccine adjuvant in fisheries also reviewed.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2002

Fucoidan is a kind of polysaccharides in brown seaweeds. For the past years have been extensively studied due to their numerous biological activities : anticancer, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral. In this study, we h ave extracted fucoidan from the Korean brown seaweeds and examined it's anticancer activities for employed SV40 DNA replication assay, RPA-ssDNA binding assay of replication protein A(RPA: known as human single-stranded DNA-binding protein essential for DNA rep-lication) and MCF7 cell growth inhibition assay. In addition to, we found that chemically sulfated fucoidan'santicancer activity is more higher than natural and desulfated fucoidan. It seem that fucoidan's sulfate group affect on DNA replication, cause of decrease RPA's DNA binding activity. These results suggests that sulfated fucoidan from Korean brown seaweeds have anticancer activity.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2020

Fucoidan, a natural component of brown seaweed, has various biological activities such as anti-cancer activity, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory against various cancer cells. However, the fucoidan has been implicated in melanoma cells via apoptosis signaling pathway. Therefore, we investigated apoptosis with fucoidan in A2058 human melanoma cells with dose- and time-dependent manners. In our results, A2058 cells viability decreased at relatively short-time and low-concentration through fucoidan. This effects of fucoidan on A2058 cells appeared to be mediated by the induction of apoptosis, as manifested by morphological changes through DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342 staining. When a dose of 80 ㎍/mL fucoidan was treated, the cells were observed: crescent or ring-like structure, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. With the increase at 100 ㎍/mL fucoidan, the cell membrane is intact throughout the total process, including membrane blebbing and loss of membrane integrity as well as increase of sub-G1 DNA. Furthermore, to understand the exact mechanism of fucoidan-treated in A2058 cells, western blotting was performed to detect apoptosis-related protein expression. In this study, Bcl-2 family proteins can be regulated by fucoidan, suggesting that fucoidan-induced apoptosis is modulated by intrinsic pathway. Therefore, expression of Bcl-2 and Bax may result in altered permeability, activating caspase-3 and caspase-9. And the cleaved form of poly ADP-ribose polymerase was detected in fucoidan-treated A2058 cells. These results suggest that A2058 cells are highly sensitive to growth inhibition by fucoidan via apoptosis, as evidenced by activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases/p38/Bcl-2 family signaling, as well as alteration in caspase-9 and caspase-3.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2010

Properties of fucoidan used for functional cosmetics agents were studied. Fucoidan was extracted from Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls. To test possibility of fucoidan as a cosmetics material, water-holding property measurement, DPPH free radical scavenging assay and MTT assay were done. Water-holding property of fucoidan was higher than that of hyaruronic acid, which is known as the one of the best water-holding material. The water-holding strength of fucoidan slightly increase as molecular weight of fucoidan decrease. Fucoidan showed high stability from MTT assay and good anti-oxidation property from DPPH assay. To evaluate the effect of water-holding property and anti-alergy property of fucoidan on the atopic dermatitis(AD), 46 AD patients were treated with fucoidan cream. After 6 weeks treatment, Investigation Global Assessment(IGA) scores decreased from 3.04 to 2.15, that is fucoidan cream had a 39.8% benefit effect on atopic dermatitis.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.74-78
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• 2007

Fucoidan, that is high-molecular-weight sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds has been shown to elicit various biological activities. Here, we investigated the effects of fucoidan on cell proliferation and nitric oxide (NO) production in neuronal blastoma cell (SH-SY5Y). In the present study, we demonstrated that fucoidan treatment resulted in increase of cell proliferation and NO production. When cells were treated with amyloid-${\beta}$ (A${\beta}$) in the absence or presence of fucoidan, fucoidan recovered the cell viability decreased by A${\beta}$ peptides. To further determine whether nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is involved in proliferative effect of fucoidan, cells were treated with NOS inhibitors in the absence or presence of fucoidan. Selective constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI), caused a decrease of cell viability, whereas cell viability was increased by specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, S-methylisothiourea (SMT), in the fucoidan-untreated cells. Treatment with fucoidan inhibited the cell viability decreased in DPI-exposed cells. In contrast, fucoidan had no effect on cell growth in SMT-treated cells, indicating that cNOS may not play a role in the proliferation of fucoidan-treated cells. The present data suggest that fucoidan has proliferative and neuroprotective effects and these effects may be associated with iNOS.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the in vivo and in vivo antibiotic effect of crude fucoidan extracted from Hizikia fusiforme, and to investigate any possible structural changes of broiler chick's intestinal villi by the supplementation of fucoidan. Total 84 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 7 treatments, control and Salmonella typhimurium infection groups. The broiler chicks was infected with Salmonella typhimurium at third days, and antibiotics, fucoidan, dried Hizikia fusiforme, dried Undaria pinnatifida and yeast cell debris was respectively supplemented for each group. Each treatment had 4 chicks with three replications. Extraction yield of crude fucoidan from Hizikia fusiforme was 5.453%. Antibiotic effect of fucoidan was not detected in vitro, inhibition zone and micoorganism growth test. Weight gains of broiler chicks were tend to higher in fucoidan treatment group and yeast cell significance was not found. In in vivo test, the number of viable Salmonella typhimurium was low in the antibiotics and fucoidan treatment groups. The intestinal villi were short in the fucoidan and marine algae treatment groups. The intestinal villi were densely distributed on the large intestinal wall, but the morphology was not different among treatments.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.716-723
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• 1995

The fucoidan purified from Korean brown seaweed, Ecklonia stolonifera was characterized on molecular structure and blood anticoagulant activities. Extraction was conducted at $100^{\circ}C$ with water and repeated twice. The crude fucodian was 151.1g out of 20.0 kg of Ecklonia stolonifera. The Fucoidan-1, which was purified from crude fucoidan using calcium chloride and cetyl pyridium chloride (CPC), was 35.2% against crude fucoidan. Fucoidan-5 was obtained approximately 28.1% from Fucoidan-1 through DEAE-Toyopearl 650 M ion-exchange column chromatography and showed one band by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The molecular weight of Fucoidan-5 was estimated to be about 21,000∼23,000 dalton by Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration chromatography. Fucoidan-5 consists of 35.7% of fucose and 4.3% of galactose and the molar ratio of fucose and sulfate was about one to one. IR spectrum of Fucoidan-5 showed absorption at $1240\;cm^{-1}\;and\;850\;cm^{-1}$ and specific rotation value, $[\alpha]$, was $[\alpha]$. These results suggests that the sulfate maybe bind at $C_{4}$ carbon on ${\alpha}-L-fucose$. Gas chromatograph of methyl alditol acetate revealed that Fucoidan-5 is a fucose containing sulfated polysaccharide with $({\alpha}l-2)\;or\;({\alpha}l-2)$ glycosidic linkage. Anti-thrombin activity of the Fucoidan-5 was estimated as 1.4 time stronger than heparin. From above results, the purification methods using CPC and ion exchange chromatography is effective tools for obtaining highly purified fucoidan from Gompi, Ecklonia stolonifera.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of fucoidan on the phagocytic capapcity and oxidative burst activity (OBA) of canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). The phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs were evaluated simultaneously by using a flow cytometer. Fucoidan itself did not cause any direct effect on the phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs. However, the phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs were enhanced by the culture supernatant from PBMCs treated with fucoidan. The phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs were also increased by treatment with recombinant canine (rc) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$. The ability of the culture supernatant from fucoidan-treated PBMCs to stimulate the phagocytic capacity and OBA of PMNs was inhibited by addition of anti-rc TNF-${\alpha}$ polyclonal antibody (PAb) prior to the culture. The amount of TNF-${\alpha}$ in the culture supematant from PBMCs was shown to increase upon treatment of fucoidan as compared with that of vehicle-treated PBMCs culture supematant. The level of TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression in PBMCs was also up-regulated by the fucoidan treatment. These results suggest that fucoidan has an immunoenhancing effect on the phagocytic capacity and OBA of canine PMNs, which is mainly mediated by TNF-${\alpha}$ released from fucoidan-stimulated PBMCs.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.604-609
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• 2012

Properties of fucoidan used for functional cosmetic ingredients and the effect of fucoidan molecular weight on the cosmetic functions were studied. Fucoidan was extracted from Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls and molecular weight (35~160 kDa) of fucoidan was controlled by contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE). To test possibility of fucoidan as a cosmetics material, tyrosinase inhibition property, water-holding property, elastase activity inhibition property and DPPH free radical scavenging property were measured. Water-holding property of fucoidan was higher than that of hyaruronic acid, which is known as the one of the best water-holding material. The water-holding strength of fucoidan slightly increase as molecular weight of fucoidan decrease. Elastase activity inhibition (anti wrinkle effect) of fucoidan was higher than that of adenosine using standard material for anti wrinkle test. Optimum molecular weight of fucoidan to obtain highest tyrosin inhibition effect, elastase inhibition effect and radical scavenger effect is 100 kDa.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: Marine algae is a productive organism that is consumed as a nutritious food. However, large amounts of unused portions of the algae are incinerated as trash or dumped in the sea, causing pollution. Recycling algae is important for saving resources and conserving the environment. In this study, the fucoidan which is a major carbohydrate of marine algae was tested as a source of fertilizer for farming. METHODS AND RESULTS: The growth rate of the melon was examined after treating fucoidan and the melon growth factors, weight and length of stem were measured. To discover the mechanism of melon growth promotion of fucoidan, bacteria that decomposed fucoidan were isolated from soil and abalone. Bacillus wiedmannii and Stenotrophomonas pavanii were isolated from terrestrial soil and Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from abalone. Among these three bacteria, Pseudomonas sp. had the highest and most specific fucoidan-decomposing activity. When Pseudomonas sp. was treated with fucoidan on melon-growing soil, the growth of melon was relatively improved compared to the treatment with fucoidan alone. CONCLUSION: We found that fucoidan, the main carbohydrate of marine algae, promoted melon growth. Fucoidan-decomposing microorganisms were isolated from terrestrial soil and marine organism, and we found that these bacteria stimulated the effect of melon growth promotion of marine algae. This is the first report that confirms the fertilizer effect of marine algae and shows the use of bacteria with marine algae.