• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1537-1543
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was investigation to examine the prevention diabetic mellitus and treatment effect on Gastrodia Elata Blume(GEB) dieted at prior and after induced diabetic application. Prior induced diabetic 3 weeks ago application GEB dieted. It is to analysis changes in body weight, blood glucose, SOD, CAT and histopathological findings. For the fingding significantly concentration diabetic rats were divided into 3 different experimental groups and each groups were induced diabetic. Experimental group Ⅰ (STZ-induced diabetic rats; n=10), experimental group Ⅱ (after induced DM and GEB dieted rats; n=10), experimental group Ⅲ (Prior GEB dieted thereafter DM induced; n=10). Prior and After GEB dieted application was that body weight, blood glucose were increase in experimental group Ⅱ, Ⅲ. Specially, group Ⅲ was significantly change than group Ⅱ at 1st weeks. and the level of CAT were significantly decrease in experimental group Ⅱ, Ⅲ than group Ⅰ. but SOD level was increase in experimental group Ⅱ, Ⅲ than group Ⅰ. In histological observation; group Ⅰ showed decrease in the intensity and incidence of vacuolations, cellular infiltration and hypertrophy of in liver and kidney. The Gomori's stain result, group Ⅰ showed disruption ${\beta}$-cell in pancrease.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.756-764
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• 2009

Scutellariae baicalensis GEORGt Acorus gramineus SOLAND and Gastrodia elata BLUME are traditional medicines used in the treatment of incipient stoke. In this study we investigated their effects on various aspects of neuronal differentiation in single or composite forms. Water-extracts of these medicines showed neuroprotective effects on cultured rat cortical neurons in normoxia and hypoxia. To understand the mechanism for neuroprotection we carried out various cell biological assays. They stimulated initial differentiation of neuronal development (transition from stage 1 to 2), and increased the number of spines and the length and number of dendritic processes. These effects were best manifested in the experimental group, which were given a mixture of the three kinds of extracts (p<0.01). To assess improvement of brain functions we carried out Morris water-maze tests for the mice that were fed on these extracts instead of water for 4 weeks. The experimental groups, especially those which were given the mixture of the three kinds of extract, showed significant (p<0.01) enhancement in memory as early as one day after the learning trial. These results indicate that these three kinds of extracts have synergistic effects on neuronal protection and improvement of brain functions.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.142-151
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• 2022

Objectives : Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder threatening the quality of life and highly occurred in over 65 years old. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB), a traditional medicine used for the treatment of headache and convulsion, has been reported to have neuroprotective effect. This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of GEB and the proteomic changes in the substantia nigra (SN) of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice. Methods : Male eleven-week-old C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg of MPTP at 24-h intervals for 5 days. Two hours after the daily MPTP injection, the mice were orally administered 800 mg/kg of GEB extract, which continued for 7 days beyond the MPTP injections, for a total of 12 consecutive days. Two hours after the final GEB administration, the brain samples were collected, and dopaminergic neuronal death and proteomic changes in the SN were evaluated. Results : GEB prevented the MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal death and regulated the expression of 11 proteins including thimet oligopeptidase, T-complex protein 1, glycine tRNA ligase, and pyruvate kinase isozymes M1. Conclusions : GEB prevents MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal death by regulating the proteins in the SN.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.702-711
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• 2015

This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using Gastrodia elata Blume as a cosmetic raw material by investigating the physiological activities of its extracts, varying the concentration, solvent, and fermentation method (non-fermentation and fermentation using lactic acid bacteria and effective microorganisms). Of the extracts in three different solvents-water, EtOH, and 70% EtOH-at four different concentrations (0.725, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/mL), the EtOH extracts demonstrated the highest contents of antioxidants (flavonoids, polyphenols, and DPPH free radical scavengers). The DPPH free radical scavenging activity in the EtOH extracts of EM-fermented Gastrodia elata Blume increased from $27.08{\pm}0.5%$ at 1.25 mg/mL to $35.89{\pm}0.8%$ at 2.5 mg/mL. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity test was performed to measure skin-whitening capacity and revealed the LB-fermented EtOH extracts to be the most efficacious ($39.1{\pm}0.4%$ at 0.725 mg/mL, $62.8{\pm}1.5%$ at 2.5 mg/mL). Viability was found to exceed 85% in RAW 264.7 cells treated with all extracts (water, EtOH, 70% EtOH at 10, 25, $50{\mu}L$, fermented and non-fermented), thus proving that Gastrodia elata Blume extracts do not cause inflammation. When RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide as positive controls under the same conditions to determine the antioxidant activity in the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), EM-fermentation was found to impart excellent antioxidant capacity. This study verified the physiological activities of fermented Gastrodia elata Blume extracts that are best suited for cosmetic ingredients, such as antioxidants, tyrosinase inhibitors and anti-inflammatory agents.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.252-259
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• 2023

A decrease in ovarian function and sex hormone production with aging results in hormone deficiency, which causes menopause in women. Natural products have been investigated to develop estrogen-like substances to improve menopausal status in women. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of Gastrodia elata Blume extract (TVB-1000) in ovariectomized rats. After a recovery period of 7 days, the TVB-1000 treatment group was orally administered at 16, 40, and 100 mg/kg for 12 weeks. In the OVX-positive control group, 17β-estradiol was injected subcutaneously into the dorsal region of rats at a dose of 10 ㎍/kg. Results show that TG and LDL-C, which are cardiovascular disease markers, were significantly decreased in all concentrations of TVB-1000 administration in the treatment group, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio significantly decreased in the medium and high TVB-1000 concentrations of the treatment group. In addition, in the high concentration TVB-1000 treatment group, the weight of abdominal fat decreased with statistical significance. The low-dose and medium-dose administration groups showed statistical significance and the expression level of their ER-α increased, but ER-β did not show a significant change. The above experiment shows that owing to the estrogen-like effect of TVB-1000, it can be useful as a functional food material to prevent cardiovascular disease, which is one of the menopausal symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.284-289
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• 1999

In order to find active ingradients having an agonistic activity to benzodiazepine receptor from Gastrodia elata Blume (Orchidaceae) which has been used as an anticonvulsant in oriental medicine, one component and some fractions were separated from the butanol extract of the rhizomes of this plant and evaluated for their activities on GABA/benzodiazepine receptor in vitro. As a result, one crude mixture (F4f) obtained from the most active fraction (F4) inhibited significantly the binding of $[^3H]Ro15-1788$, a selective benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, to benzodiazepine receptor of rat cortices. GABA significantly enhanced the inhibition of $[^3H]flunitrazepam$ binding by F4f, and this positive GABA shift supported the strong possibility of the agonistic activity of F4f to benzodiazepine receptor.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.837-844
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• 2014

This study was carried out to analyze the differences in p-hydroxylbenzyl alcohol (HBA) content, antitumor and anti-obesity activities and tyrosinase inhibitory activity between non-fermented G. elata (NFGP) and fermented G. elata powder. The HBA content, which is an index-component of G. elata decreased from 1.58 mg/g before fermentation to 1.07, 0.32, and 0.13 mg/g after the $1^{st}$ fermentation ($1^{st}$ FGP), $2^{nd}$ fermentation ($2^{nd}$ FGP) and $3^{rd}$ fermentation ($3^{rd}$ FGP), respectively. The anti-proliferation effects on the cell lines HT29 and AGS were significantly higher for the fermented G. elata than the NFGP. The antitumor activity was also increased in a fermentation number-dependent manner. During adipocyte differentiation, the ethanol extract of the $3^{rd}$ FGP inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells significantly better than NFGP and the $1^{st}$ FGP, treated at the concentration of $10{\mu}g/mL$. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the $2^{nd}$ FGP at $600{\mu}g/mL$ over was higher than that of kojic acid. At the concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity was increased in a fermentation number-dependent manner. From these results, the fermented G. elata, especially the $3^{rd}$ FGP, is expected to be good candidate for the development of functional food and agents with antitumor, anti-obesity, and tyrosinase inhibitory potential.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.512-517
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• 2005

To establish the economical cultivation method of Gastrodia elata Blume by controlling the shading rate and the mixing ratio of recycling spawn bed logs, a serial experiment was carried out. When G. elata was grown in the field with no shading, the yield of spawn tuber was higher than that of tuber of G. elata. The yield of G. elata was high in the rainproof green house covered with one layer of $95\%$ shading net, in the rainproof green house covered with two layers of $95\%$ shading net, and in the field with no shading, in that order. In the case of mixing ratio of recycling spawn bed logs, the yield was high in the fresh logs, in the mixing ratio of 2:1, and the ratio of 1:1, in that order. The income of the rainproof green house covered with one layer of $ 95\%$ shading net which brought the best yield was $81\%$ in the mixing ratio of 2:1 over the fresh logs.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2020

Background: Although Gastrodia elata contains the valuable, bio-active compounds gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4-HBA), it also contain ρ-cresol, which is a major source of an objectionable pig slurry-like odor. Accordingly, this study was performed to determine the deodorization effect of Diaion HP-20 resin on a G. elata extract. Methods and Results: Using Diaion HP-20 with an increasing concentration of ethanol, an extract of G. elata was fractionated into 15 fractions, which were anlayzed to determine their concentrations of active compounds and ρ-cresol. The gastrodin, 4-HBA, total phenolics, and ρ-cresol concentrations of the G. elata extract were 403.13, 408.15, 2,476.09, and 11.77 ㎍/㎖, respectively. Among the different fractions, gastrodin and 4-HBA were detected in fractions 3 to- 6, and 4 to- 10, respectively whereas total phenolics were detected in all samples, with fractions 5 to- 7 being characterized by higher concentrations than were the other fractions. ρ-Cresol was detected in fractions 12 to- 15, at concentrations ranging from 0.39 ㎍/㎖ to 6.05 ㎍/㎖ with the highest concentration detected in fraction 14. The fractions containing ρ-cresol could be selectively separated from the G. elata extract without the loss of major bio-active compounds such as gastrodin and 4-HBA. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that a deodorizing method using Diaion HP-20 resin can be considered for improving the sensory qualities of G. elata extract without a loss of the major bio-active compounds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.327-327
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• 2022