• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1145-1160
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• 2012

This study empirically compared generational differences in responses between baby boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y groups as measured by key variables related to advertisement. The respondents in this study were consumers throughout Korea, with 914 survey questionnaires used for the final analyses. Eight of the original 10 hypotheses were validated and two were rejected. Both baby boomer consumers and Generation Y consumers showed more positive responses to affective advertisements than their Generation X counterparts. Generation Y consumers showed more positive attitudes towards humorous advertisements than their baby boomer and Generation X counterparts. The effect of advertising models on the evaluation of advertisements was greater among Generation Y consumers than their Generation X counterparts. Generation Y consumers showed more positive attitudes towards storytelling-type marketing than their baby boomer and Generation X counterparts. Baby boomer consumers showed more positive attitudes towards symbolic advertisements than their Generation X and Generation Y counterparts. Generation X consumers showed more positive attitudes towards functional advertisements than the baby boomer and Generation Y groups. There were significant differences in attitudes towards two types (symbolic and functional) of advertisements in both baby boomer consumers and Generation X consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.284-292
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• 2021

The food service industry has grown larger with changes in the economic and socio-cultural environment. In this saturated food service industry, generation X and MZ are the main consumer forces that demand attention. That is because a generation is the main psychographic factor that reflects personal values and lifestyle based on one's life cycle. From such a perspective, a generation in marketing has been used as a variable to predict a market by supplementing demographic factors. Accordingly, this study classified generations into generation X and generation MZ with the use of the 2019 consumer behavior survey for food by Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI) and then investigated the factors influencing group and personal dining-out expenses. The analysis was carried out applying the Tobit model using SPSS and R. The positively influential variables on generation X's personal dining-out expenditure were male, single person, high income and simple lifestyle, whereas housewives, personal ethical consciousness, behavioral ethical consciousness, and safe dietary life were negatively influential variables. The positively influential variables on generation MZ's personal dining-out expenditures were male, dual-income, high education level, corporate and governmental ethical consciousness, while the number of family members and safe dietary life were negatively influential variables.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.245-253
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• 2020

This study is a longitudinal analysis of the life satisfaction of Generation X and Generation Y, with different historical backgrounds, growth backgrounds, values, and lifestyles, using data from the Korean Welfare Panel(KOWEPS). The research data is from the KOWEPS 1st year(2006) to 14th year(2019), out of 27,301 people, who conducted life satisfaction from the latest 12th to 14th year, and the responses were properly answered data from 3 years of 2,492 were used. As a result of the study, the higher the life satisfaction of both Generation X and Generation Y, the more the life satisfaction slowly increases at a slower rate as time passes. In addition, in terms of life satisfaction and rate of change, the initial value of life satisfaction was higher as the living satisfaction increased in both Generation X and Generation Y, but in the case of Generation X, the higher living satisfaction, the lower the rate of change in life satisfaction for 3 years by .327, in the case of Generation Y, the rate of change in life satisfaction was not affected. Finally, in the model of this study, a partial mediation of health condition was established between living satisfaction and life satisfaction tendency. Living satisfaction was analyzed to have a direct effect on life satisfaction and at the same time indirectly with a health condition as a parameter.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.71-86
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the influencing factors of married men's household labor time by generation to understand the changes in male participation in household labor. To this end, married men were classified into Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y, and the factors of participation in household labor for each generation were analyzed by applying the hypothesis of participation in household labor. As for the data, the original data of the National Statistical Office's "2019 Time Use Survey" were used. Multinomial logistic analysis was conducted to analyze the factors affecting married men's household labor time. As a result of the analysis, household labor time for Baby Boomers can be explained by the hypothesis of economic efficiency, gender role attitude, and the demand/response capability, while household labor time for Generation X can be explained by economic efficiency hypothesis, gender role attitude hypothesis, time-availability hypothesis, and demand/response capability hypothesis. It was found that the household labor time for Generation Y can be explained by the time-availability hypothesis and demand/response capability hypothesis. The fact that each generation has different factors of participation in household labor suggests that the characteristics of each generation should be considered in establishing policies to support the work and family balance for men.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2013

Social reason was mostly the motivation for using Facebook among Generation Y, but results on Generation X were still inconclusive due to limited studies. By using content analysis of 93 participants' written statements gathered on April to May 2012, this study compared motivations among Facebookers from two generations. The study finds that Generation X and Y shared similar motivations. The majority of both generations use Facebook to keep in touch with their friends, as well as to seek updated information. A smaller number use Facebook for entertainment, online business, and self-expression. In addition, participants were willing to continue using Facebook in the future despite the fact that they had Twitter accounts.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.24-34
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• 2019

This study compares in depth the song performed by two groups, one by 'Seo Taiji And His Boys'(X Generation) and the other by 'BTS'(C Generation) based on the discourse about the 'X Generation' in the 1990s and the 'C Generation' in the 2010s. It will specifically focus on the nature of 'home' that has great significance in the music video and will find the sociocultural meaning of it. Based on the analysis, the original performance by 'Seo Taiji and The Boys' demonstrated the vertical structure of enlightenment and discipline and narrated the story with the plot of 'maturity'. The meaning of 'home' in the original version shifts from a target of resistance to a subject of internalization. The remake music video of BTS demonstrated a horizontal structure of empathy and solidarity and narrated the story with the plot of 'pursuit/discovery'. The 'home' here can be considered the life itself of a person who maintains one's self identity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.150-163
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• 2015

Due to desire for more variation from male consumers within the men's fashion market in Korea, there has been an ongoing development of departmentalization of fashion styles. The Generation-X man, in particular, is the most active member of our current day society, and will be the principal agent in the senior market from here on forth. Thus, this study categorized their preferred fashion styles, and will seek to analyze the behaviors related to the pursuit of clothing of the Generation-X man. The qualitative investigations of the Q-method as well as the quantitative investigation of the SPSS 12.0 were used in conjunction as the method of study. Additionally, images and types resulting from the preceding first-year study entitled "The Type and Characteristics of the Modern Men's Fashion Images" were utilized as part of the surveys. As a result of the Q-method, which was used to derive the preferred fashion styles of the Generation-X man, they were classified into three categories: the classic suit preferring 'conservative class type', the polished, comfortable style preferring 'modern sophisticated type', and the adventure and variety seeking 'uninhibited individualistic style'. After analyzing the factors which influence clothing preference behaviors of these men, a total of seven causes were drawn from the results, including: conservative indifference to fashion, others conscious pursuit of fashion, the aim to show off brand name products, high involvement in the aspect of design, pursuit of TPO, pursuit of self-image, and conformity to fashion. The elements that revealed differences in the behaviors in pursuing clothing within the preferred fashion style types of the Generation-X man included the conservative indifference to fashion, and others conscious pursuit of fashion, which therefore shows that rather than enjoying the fashion lifestyle, these men possess a more conservative disposition instead.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.507-514
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• 2023

The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) was investigated in a catalyst (Ag/γ-Al₂O₃) packed dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor. The intermittent generation of plasma in the catalyst bed partially oxidized the hydrocarbon reductant for NO_x removal to several aldehydes. Compared to using the catalyst alone, higher NO_x conversion was observed with the intermittent generation of plasma due to the formation of highly reductive aldehydes. Under the same operating conditions (temperature: 250 ℃; C/N: 8), the NO_x reduction efficiencies were 47.5%, 92%, and 96% for n-heptane, propionaldehyde, and butyraldehyde, respectively, demonstrating the high NO_x reduction capability of aldehydes. To determine the optimal condition for intermittent plasma generation, the high voltage on/off cycle was adjusted from 0.5 to 3 min. The NO_x reduction performance was compared between continuous and intermittent plasma generation on the same energy density basis. The highest NO_x reduction efficiency was achieved at 2-min high voltage on/off intervals. The reason that the intermittent plasma discharge exhibited higher NO_x reduction efficiency even at the same energy density, compared to the continuous plasma generation case, is that the intermediate products, such as aldehydes generated from hydrocarbon, were more efficiently utilized for the reduction of nitrogen oxides.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.1423-1428
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• 2003

We investigated the amount of the toxic gases emitted from the Electrostatic Precipitators(ESPs), which were currently used by indoor air cleaners. We used the wire-to-plate(WTP) type and the needle-to-plate(NTP) type corona discharger in our study. Using the voltage, the polarity of wire, the number of needles of NTP as the input variables, we studied the characteristic of Ozone and $NO_x$ generation in the ESPs. As the results, we found out that the concentration of Ozone, $NO_2$ and $NO_x$ is increased, but the amount of NO is decreased with increasing the voltage and the number of needles. And we knew that the generation rate of ozone and $NO_x$ is very related with the corona region.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.433-433
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• 2016

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) emitter has widely become an attractive mechanism that draws growing interests for cold cathode field emission. CNT yarns have demonstrated its potential as excellent field emitters. It was demonstrated that a small focal spot size was achieved by manipulating some electrical parameters, such as applied bias voltage at the mesh gate, and electrostatic focal lenses, geometrical parameters, such as axial distances of the anode, and the electrostatic focal lens from the cathode assembly, and the dimension of the opening of the electrostatic lens. Electrical-optics software was used to systematically investigate the behavior of the electron beam trajectory when the aforementioned variables were manipulated. The results of the experiment agree with the theoretical simulation results. Each variable has an individual effect on the electron beam focal spot size impinging on the target anode. An optimum condition of the parameters was obtained producing good quality of X-ray images. Also, MWCNT yarn was investigated for field emission characteristics and its contribution in the X-ray generation. The dry spinning method was used to fabricate MWCNT yarn from super MWCNTs, which was fabricated by MW-PECVD. The MWCNT yarn has a significant field emission capability in both diode and the triode X-ray generation structure compared to a MWCNT. The low-voltage-field emission of the MWCNT yarn can be attributed to the field enhancing effect of the yarn due to its shape and the contribution of the high-aspect-ratio nanotubes that protrude from the sides of the yarn. Observations of the use of filters on the development of X-ray images were also demonstrated. The amount of exposure time of the samples to the X-ray was also manipulated. The MWCNT yarn can be a good candidate for use in the low voltage field emission application of X-ray imaging.