• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.595-608
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• 2008

Although Korean apparel companies have transformed dramatically from contractors to sourcing companies thanks to the rapid growth of local market, relatively little work has been done identifying the determinants and the patterns of global sourcing activities of Korean companies. The purpose of this study was to outline a conceptual model that may be used to organize and guide global sourcing activities of Korean apparel manufacturers and retailers. The conceptual model identified four important factors, cost factor, strategic non-cost factor, firm's internal factor, and global factor, which affect global sourcing strategies and help predict how companies conduct various sourcing activities. The model also identified two sourcing patterns, outsourcing and intra-firm sourcing. In developing the model, literature review on how manufacturers and retailers in diverse areas including global apparel sourcing was conducted. Managerial implications and directions far future study were offered as well.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.718-732
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• 2014

This study investigates the effects of two organizational variables (market orientation and organizational innovativeness) and the interaction between these two variables on supply chain agility as well as examines the moderating effect of 1) firm size and 2) the extent of global sourcing. Employing a web-based e-mail survey method, the study issued 1,320 questionnaires to South Korea apparel manufacturing companies; data from 147 completed surveys were analyzed. Market orientation, organizational innovativeness, and the interaction between the two variables positively affect supply chain agility. Firm size and global sourcing do not have any significant moderating effects on the relationship between organizational characteristics and supply chain agility. Companies with high market orientation and high organizational innovativeness have more agile supply chains than companies with only market orientation or organizational innovativeness. Firms need to effectively enhance market orientation and organizational innovativeness simultaneously to enhance supply chain agility. The lack of a moderating effect from firm size suggests that all companies should promote a greater degree of market orientation and organizational innovativeness to enhance supply chain agility regardless of firm size.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.461-471
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• 2007

Many Korean apparel firms have been adopting the global sourcing to enhance their competitive advantages. The purposes of this study were to identify the current status of global sourcing adopted by Korean apparel firms and to provide useful information for the other apparel firms planning the global sourcing. The questionnaire survey was conducted to 65 Korean apparel firms. The firms selected for this study were women's, men's, unisex casual wear manufacturers which made their products at offshore factories. The results show that about half of them started global sourcing before 2000. Unisex casual wear firms were already doing the global sourcing very actively and women's wear firms were followers. The major benefit of the global sourcing was the cost reduction. The firms that had made inroads into the global market find much satisfaction in global sourcing. These early adopters expected their sourcing countries as a future consumer market. The threatening elements of the global sourcing were the difficulties of quality control and labor cost rising. Cost and technical ability were considered importantly in selecting the global sourcing partners. The firms started the global sorucing before 2000 were greatly depended on offshore production. They concerned for the problems related to the global sourcing.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.902-910
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• 2007

본 연구는 글로벌 소싱기지로서의 한국 섬유/의류산업의 경쟁력을 모색하기 위하여 회사유형과 국가지역에 따라 해외 바이어들이 한국을 방문하는 목적과 한국에서 소싱하고자하는 품목의 차이점을 분석하였다. 분석 자료로 한국섬유산업 연합회가 국제 섬유거류 무역전에 참가한 해외 바이어로부터 수거한 결과인 2차 자료를 이용하였다. 분석을 위하여 빈도와 ${\chi}^2$-test를 이용하였다. 분석 결과, 한국을 방문하는 바이어들의 국가지역과 그들이 한국에서 소싱하고자하는 품목간에 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.509-532
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• 2013

본 논문은 패션의류기업의 해외시장 진출 프로세스를 실질적인 기업 사례를 통해 분석하였다. 글로벌 기업인 자라와 유니클로를 대상으로 두 기업의 해외시장 진출을 Malnight(1995)가 제시한 부속(appendage), 참여(participation), 기여(contribution), 통합(integration) 4단계 모델로 분석하였다. 자라와 유니클로 모두 전세계를 대상으로 글로벌화가 이루어졌고 범세계적인 가치사슬을 운영하나, 자라는 철저하게 본국에 중점을 둔 가치사슬을 유지하는 반면, 유니클로는 특정 가치사슬에서는 자회사가 주도적인 역할을 하는 Malnight(1995)의 통합 단계로 운영하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 글로벌 패션기업의 해외시장 진출에 대한 본 연구는 해외시장 진출 어려움을 겪고 있는 한국패션기업들에게 시사점을 제공할 수 있다. 한국기업들이 해외시장 진출을 기업 수준이 아니라 해당 기능별로 다르게 진행할 수 있고, 국제화 단계 및 조직의 자원과 역량에 적합한 기능별 해외 진출로 연결할 수 있을 때, 좀 더 원활한 해외시장진출이 가능할 수 있다는 실무적인 시사점을 제공한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.474-485
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants and elements to enhance Korean international competitiveness, employing Porter's(1998) Diamond Model. Half of the 500 leading apparel exporters that were members of the Korea Apparel Industry Association in 2003 were selected as the target of this research. From May to June of 2003, survey questionnaires were sent to executives of these 250 companies in person or by telephone, e-mail, or fax. Seventy questionnaires were used for the final data anlysis. The items used were Reliability, Categorical Regression, and Frequency, using SPSS 11.5. The results were as follows: First, as a result of analyzing the influence of international competitiveness in Korean apparel industry, the firm's strategy, structure, and rivalry was the most influential factor. Others were related and supporting industries, government, chance, demand conditions, and factor conditions. Also, the elements that affect Korean international competitiveness were listed as the level of price competition in foreign markets, the level of labor cost, export marketing capacity, and exchange fluctuation. The most important element to improve the international competitiveness of the Korean apparel industry was a demand growth rate of the overseas markets(Demand Conditions), followed by the level of the labor costs(Factor Conditions), the capability of internationalization(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry), the change of currency(Chance), the quality and management of products(Demand Conditions), the capability of planning products(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry), free trade from 2005(Chance), and global sourcing strategy(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry). Korea's main rival country in apparel related and supporting industry factors is China. However, Korea has a higher level of technology development, quality, and price level than China.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1719-1732
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• 2009

A firm seeking to enter a foreign market must make an important strategic decision of which market entry mode to use. Because entry modes involve resource commitments, the initial choice by a firm on a particular entry mode is difficult to change without a considerable loss of time and money. Substantial prior research has been undertaken to explain why firms select a particular entry mode into global markets. However, there exists limited research on this area in the field of foreign apparel brands in Korea, although some research has analyzed influential entry mode factors when Korean textile and clothing companies went overseas. This study reviews prior research on the entry mode choice and analyzes the factors that influence the entry mode choice for 510 foreign clothing brands in Korea. Price range, clothing types, distribution strategy, and cultural distance were considered as influential determinants for different entry mode choices. Crosstabs with a chi-square test and logistic regression are used for analysis. This study shows that high-priced brands and luxury brands are associated with the export orientated entry mode in the Korean market. Brands that pursued the strategy of multiple distribution channels showed a preference for a licensing mode or direct investment over other entry modes, and brands from higher-cultural-distance countries entered the Korean clothing market by licensing mode. The findings of this study are appropriate for the strategic planning of foreign apparel intent on entering the Korean market or for Korean apparel firms planning to enter the global market.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.507-518
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• 2007

This study aimed to investigate the competitive advantages of Chinese fashion industry and firms to Korean fashion industry by applying the generalized double-diamond theory. Data collection was done by internet and fax survey. Questionnaires were distributed to the Korean textiles and apparel firms who entered China for production anuor distribution. List of firms were provided by KOFOTI, KOTRA, and Korea Apparel Industry Association. Total 198 questionnaires were distributed, and 77 questionnaires were used for final analysis. The results were follows. Korea's competitiveness scores of double-diamond model were higher in every aspects, such as demand condition, infra/supportive industry, firms's strategy and competition except factor condition. Glottalization score in double diamond model measured by the degree of glottalization which was determined by international diamond factors which make firm's multinational/international activities possible. Chinese fashion industry's globalization score of factor condition was significantly higher than Korea, but for the rest of aspects, Korean fashion industry showed higher scores. Therefore, Korean fashion firms can overcome comparative disadvantage of factor condition by utilizing Chinese fashion industry no matter what type of entry. In addition, considering the growth rate of Chinese fashion industry and its power of influence in the world market, the entry to the global market of the Korean fashion industry can be possible.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1903-1914
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 이태리와 한국의 패션지원프로그램 중 패션박람회와 쇼룸의 역할을 분석하여 한국 패션산업의 경쟁력을 제고할 수 있는 실용적이고 즉시 적용 가능한 정책을 제안하고자 하는 것이다. 자료 수집을 위해 이태리와 한국, 그리고 미국 로스엔젤레스에 에서 패션실무를 담당하고 있는 23명을 대상으로 심층 인터뷰조사 하였고 인터뷰내용을 주요 항목별로 분류하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이태리 패션산업의 경쟁력 원천은 패션협회를 중심으로 한 패션지원프로그램이며 이는 패션관련 산업 전반에 걸친 매우 협력적이며 유기적인 관계에 근거한다. 즉, 기업의 규모의 크기와 관계없이 다양한 협회를 중심으로 매우 즉각적인 맞춤형의 지원을 받고 있었다. 예를 들면 해외전시회 참여, 컬렉션, 프로모션활동 등에 필요한 모든 사항이 협회 회원사에게 지원되고 있었고 또 이태리 기업은 이러한 지원활동에 매우 만족하고 있었다. 그 외 쇼룸과 에이전트도 이러한 시스템에서 부가가치를 높이는 중요한 역할을 하고 있었다. 반면 한국 기업은 바이어와의 판로개척에 매우 소극적이어서 해외전시회 참여율이 매우 낮았고 전시회 참여를 위한 충분한 정보나 지식을 가지고 있지 못했다. 또한 국내의 쇼룸은 아직 활성화되지 못하여 바이어를 통한 수주경로가 되지 못하고 있었고 해외쇼룸의 이용 또한 매우 드물었다. 협회에 대하여도 매우 부정적인 인식을 가지고 있었고 특히 소수의 대기업을 위한 조직이라고 인식하고 있었다. 결론적으로 한국 패션산업은 잠재력은 있으나 해외전시회나 해외패션센터의 쇼룸 등을 활용해 해외바이어를 만날 수 있는 기회를 적극적으로 모색해야 할 것이며 이를 위해 이태리 패션산업처럼 협회 등을 통한 다양한 관련 산업과의 유기적 협력관계가 이루어져야 할 것이다.