• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to evaluate the liquefaction cyclic shear stress ratio considering the soil uncertainty. In this study, the probabilistic ground response analysis and the cyclic shear stress ratio analysis for the liquefaction potential evaluation are performed considering the soil variability. The statistical properties of input ground parameters were analyzed to investigate the parameters affecting the seismic response analysis. The Probabilistic analysis was carried out by Monte Carlo Simulation method. The ground response analysis was performed considering the soil variability and the probability distribution characteristics of the ground acceleration. The probability distribution of the peak ground acceleration by seismic characteristics was presented. The differences of liquefaction shear stress ratio results according to soil variability were compared and analyzed. The maximum acceleration of the ground by the deterministic method was analyzed to be overestimation of the ground amplification phenomenon. Also, the shear stress ratio was overestimated.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.423-428
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• 2005

If the load of constructing vehicles during the construction work acts on the road or the ground surface on the soft ground, due to the excess stresses in soils the trafficability of the vehicles influences the constructing efficiency, constructing period and so on. Stress distribution in soils is the very important element to design and to solve the problems of settlement, safety of foundations and trafficability of constructing vehicle in civil engineering. This research represents the comparative estimation of the actual and theoretical measurement on the underground stress of outer layer for each soil after the observation of each top soil layer for its vertical and horizontal stress in (1)homogeneous sand ground (2) weak stratum with the sand soil (3) weak stratum with gravel of the soil model, and it also investigates the effect of subsidence of ground by the repeated load. The underground stress turn out to be different in the value of theoretical and actual measurement after the trial examination of model.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.227-234
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• 2004

Sand compaction pile (SCP) method is composed of compacted sand pile inserted into the soft clay deposit by displacement method. SCP-reinforced ground is composite soil which consists of the SCP and the surrounding soft soil. When a surcharge load is applied on composite ground, time-dependent behavior occurs in the soft soil due to consolidation according to radial flow toward SCP and stress transfer also takes place between the SCP and the soft soil. This paper presents the numerical results of cylindrical composite ground that was conducted to investigate consolidation characteristics and the stress transfer mechanism of SCP-reinforced composite ground. The results show that the consolidation of soft clay has a significant effect on the stress transfer mechanism and stress concentration ratio of composite ground

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.201-215
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• 2019

A new approach of analyzing the displacements and stress of the surrounding rock for shallow tunnels excavated under non-axisymmetric displacement boundary conditions on a vertical surface is investigated in this study. In the proposed approach, by using a virtual image technique, the shear stress of the vertical ground surface is revised to be zero, and elastic solutions of the surrounding rock are obtained before stress revision. To revise the vertical normal stress and shear stress of horizontal ground surface generated by the combined action of the actual and image sinks, the harmonic functions and corresponding stress function solutions were adopted. Based on the Boussinesq's solutions and integral method, the horizontal normal stress of the vertical ground surface is revised to be zero. Based on the linear superposition principle, the final solution of the displacements and stress were proposed by superimposing the solutions obtained by the virtual image technique and the stress revision on the horizontal and vertical ground surfaces. Furthermore, the ground settlements and lateral displacements of the horizontal and vertical ground surfaces are derived by the proposed approach. The proposed approach was well verified by comparing with the numerical method. The discussion based on the proposed approach in the manuscript shows that smaller horizontal ground settlements will be induced by lower tunnel buried depths and smaller limb distances. The proposed approach for the displacement and stress of the surrounding rocks can provide some practical information about the surrounding rock stability analysis of shallow tunnels excavated under non-axisymmetric displacement boundary conditions on a vertical surface.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.505-516
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• 2016

This paper evaluates the scaling of ground motions recorded from nine intermediate-depth earthquakes produced in the Vrancea seismic zone in Romania. The considered ground motion database consists of 363 horizontal recordings obtained on soil classes B and C (according to Eurocode 8). An analysis of the inter- and intra-event spectral accelerations is performed in order to gain information regarding the magnitude and distance scaling of the Vrancea ground motions. The analyses reveal a significant influence of the earthquake magnitude and focal depth on the distance scaling and different magnitude and distance scaling for the two soil classes. A linear magnitude and distance scaling is inferred from the results for the range of magnitudes $5.2{\leq}M_W{\leq}7.1$. The results obtained are checked through stochastic simulations and the influence of the stress drop and kappa values on the ground motion levels is assessed. In addition, five ground motion models which were tested in other studies using recordings from Vrancea earthquakes are analyzed in order to evaluate their corresponding host stress drop and kappa. The results show generally a direct connection between the host kappa values and the host stress drop values. Moreover, all the ground motion models depict magnitude dependent host kappa and stress drop levels.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권1C호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2006

본 논문은 미고결 층상 지반에서 터널을 굴착함으로써 발생하는 응력 재분배 메커니즘을 모형 실험을 통해 규명한 것이다. 미고결 층상 지반을 모사하기 위해서는, 지반재료 자체만으로 자립이 가능케 하여 모형토조와의 마찰을 배제시킬수 있는 알루미늄 봉과 블록을 이용한 2차원 모형 실험을 실시하였다. 지층이 경사진 모형 지반에 대하여 터널 굴착에 따른 지반 변형과 응력 재분배 현상을 계측기를 통하여 각각 측정하였다. 지반변형에 대해서는, 지표면의 침하형상을 측정하여 굴착에 따른 변형 특성을 살펴보았다. 응력 재분배 현상에 대해서는, 터널 작용 토압과 터널 주변부 작용 토압의 변화를 각각 측정하여 상호 검토를 실시하였다. 이러한 실험 결과를 토대로 미고결 층상 지반에서 터널 굴착에 따른 지반의 변형 및 응력 재분배 메커니즘에 대한 상세한 검토를 수행하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2004

SCP 개량지반은 연약지반에 타설된 모래말뚝과 주변 연약지반으로 구성된 복합지반을 형성한다. 복합지반에 상재하중이 작용할 경우, SCP쪽으로 반경방향의 흐름에 의하여 시간의존적인 압밀거동이 유발될 뿐만 아니라, SCP와 주변 연약지반 사이에서 강성도 차이로 인하여 응력전이가 유발된다. 본 논문은 SCP 개량지반의 압밀거동에 대한 교란효과의 영향을 고려하기 위하여 원통형 실린더 지반에 대한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석결과 연약지반의 교란영역은 유효응력-간극수압의 거동, 응력전이기구, 응력분담비에 영향을 줌을 알 수 있었다. 또한 SCP와 점토 사이의 응력전이량은 상부 z/H=0.25에서 가장 크며, 깊이가 증가함에 따라 감소한다. 응력분담비는 상수값이 아니라 압밀과정에 의존하며, 교란영역을 가진 연약지반의 응력분담비는 교란영역이 없는 연약지반의 응력분담비보다 큼을 알 수 있다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

연약지반 대책공법으로 적용되는 다짐모래말뚝과 같은 지중구조물은 주로 복합지반 설계법에 의해 침하 및 안정성을 분석한다. 복합지반 설계법의 기본원리는 아칭효과이며 말뚝의 보강효과는 응력분담비로 평가한다. 탄성적 특성을 갖는 그라우팅 말뚝을 지반보강공법으로 적용할 때 기존의 응력분담비 평가는 말뚝이 지표까지 설치되어 상재하중이 말뚝과 원지반에 같이 직접 재하되는 경우만을 고려해 왔다. 본 연구에서는 지반보강 말뚝의 설치를 지표까지 올리지 않고 지중 어느 위치에서 마감할 때에는 지금까지의 연구들에 의해 적용된 응력분담비 적용 방법이 달라져야 한다는 것을 보여주었다. 고강도 Jet grouting이 적용되었을 때 원지반에 대한 그라우팅 말뚝의 응력분담비(n)는 통상 30~50 범위의 값을 적용한다. 그러나 이는 지표까지 말뚝이 놓이는 경우이고 말뚝 상단의 위치가 지표로부터 멀리 깊게 위치될 경우 응력분담 효과가 급격히 저감되며 응력구(stress bulb) 경계가 되는 깊이부터는 정량적 값 1.5에 수렴했다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.717-724
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• 2003

Although sand compaction pile is applied considerably for increase of hearing capacity in domestic, it is getting more necessary to develope the alternative materials because of exhaustion and increase of unit cost of sand. In this study, stress concentration ratio between crushed-stone pile and soft ground was measured and, a displacement ratio 30, 40 and 50%, variation of stress concentration ratio was analyzed. As an increase displacement ratio, the stress concentration effect of crushed-stone compaction pile doesn't increase proportionally and effect of ground improvement in case of ground was good at displacement ratio 30% or 40%. The stress concentration ratio of crushed-stone compaction pile in group piles is 1.5 times that of crushed-stone compaction pile in single pile.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2006

This paper introduces stress monitoring system for buried gas pipeline in poor ground. During the six months of improvement construction of poor ground, maximum settlement of gas pipeline is about 40 cm. This value represents relative small compared to the initial settlement estimation of ground improvement construction plan, 90 cm. Also, this paper includes the result of finite element analysis of gas pipeline to confirm safety of pipelines in poor ground. The stress monitoring system for gas pipeline was developed to guarantee the safety of buried gas pipeline in poor ground. Eventually, the ground improvement workings are ended safely and it is proved that the pipeline has no safety problem.