• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this research was to investigate the prevalence rate of Hwa-Byung for the whole population in a local community. Method : Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule(HBDIS) was carried out for 671 participants in Wonju Cohort study. HBDIS is objective questionnaire for diagnose Hwa-Byung. Collected data was analyzed by the chi-square test. Result: Prevalence rate of Hwa-Byung was 5.4% in the whole population. Prevalence rate of Hwa-Byung in male participants was 2.5%, 1.5% in 40s, 3.2% in 50s, 2.5% in 60s. Prevalence rate of Hwa-Byung in female participants was 7.4%, 7.6% in 40s, 5.5% in 50s, 8.7% in 60s. Conclusion : There was significant difference on the prevalence rate of Hwa-Byung according to sex.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.132-138
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• 2017

Objectives: We report the results of three case studies on the clinical efect of ascending kidney water and descending heart fre (AKDH) pharmacopuncture on patients with Hwa-Byung. Methods: Tis study involved three patients, all female, who had been admitted to a hospital of traditional Korean medicine and had been diagnosed as having Hwa-Byung by using the Hwa-Byung Structure Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. AKDH pharmacopuncture is administered by injecting pharmacopuncture at a specifc acupoint to change from a state of water-fre disharmony to one of water-fre harmony. For our three patients, Hwangyeonhaedoktang (黃連解毒湯) pharmacopuncture was injected at GB21 and GB20 on both sides; a total of 0.4 cc was injected, with 0.1 cc being injected at each point. Fel ursi, Bezora bovis and moschus (BUM) pharmacopuncture was injected at CV17, CV12, and CV6; a total of 0.15 cc was injected, with 0.05 cc being injected at each point. Treatment was done daily. Progress was evaluated using the Hwa-Byung diagnostic interview (HBDIS), beck depression inventory (BDI), and numeric rating scale (NRS) scores. Results: For the frst patient (case 1), after treatment, the HBDIS score was reduced from 44 to 30 points, the BDI score from 37 to 14, and the NRS score from 10 to 7. For the second patient (case 2), after treatment, the HBDIS score was reduced from 41 to 27 points, the BDI score from 13 to 7, and the NRS score from 10 to 5. For the third patient (case 3), after treatment, the HBDIS score was reduced from 42 to 28 points, the BDI score from 12 to 9, and the NRS score from 10 to 4. Conclusion: Ascending kidney water and descending heart fre pharmacopuncture treatment can be efective for improving ascending kidney water and descending heart fre energy and can be used to alleviate Hwa-Byung.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study is investigation of relationship between HRV(Heart Rate Variability) and Hwa-Byung in general population. Methods: HBDIS(Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule) was carried out for 658 participants in Wonju Cohort study that include short term electrode HRV test. We also classified whole participants into sex. Collected data was analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Result: SDNN(Standard Deviation of NN interval) was significant different in HRV between Normal and Hwa-Byung of male participants. Conclusion: In the findings of this study, Hwa-Byung is not closely related to the autonomic nerve system.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of acupuncture on the anxiety symptoms regarding Hwa-Byung. Methods : Acupuncture was applied on 15 participants, 4 males and 11 females. Hwa-Byung was diagnosed by Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule(HBDIS). Then clinical research STAI, BDI, VAS, HRV was carried out for investigation to analyze the change of each symptom between pre-acupuncture and post-acupuncture. Results : STAI, VAS were all significantly decreased. BDI decreased, but the decrease was not significant. All physical and psychological scores of HBDIS were significantly decreased excluding A2, B2, B3, B5, C1, C5. Subjects of HRV were different between pre-acupuncture and post-acupuncture, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture has positive effects on anxiety and other symptom of Hwa-Byung.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2004

Many literature-based researches have been thus far reported of Hwa-Byung in oriental medicine and Hwa-Byung is considered as culture-bound syndrome of Korea. It is showed practically middle-aged women and connected with emotion of Han(恨)and its progress generally chronic. But this case described a 36-year old man who diagnosed as Hwa-Byung by HBDIS. He complained chiefly headache and suffered from chest discomfort and sleep disorder. After acupuncture teatment, herbal medication and oriental psychotherapy, his condition got improved. This report is for better understanding of this disease, that Hwa-byung can be seen in male according to changes of social environment.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.211-220
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• 2005

Hwa-byeong, the syndrome usually found in Korean society, is a culture-related disease. The common symptoms of Hwa-byeong are flushed face with fever, chest discomfort, palpitation, insomnia, headache, dizziness, and dyspepsia. In this case, we diagnosed Hwa-byeong by HBDIS(Hwa-Byeong Diagnostic Interview(Schedule) and treated the patient with Jahageo Herbal acupuncture at Shindo(Shendao) Yongdae(Lingtai), Chiyang(Zhiyang), Kumi(Jiuwei) and Chonjung(Shanzhong). After that, her subjective symptoms improved. With this result, It was considered that Jahageo Herbal acupuncture was very effective for treatment of Hwa-byeong.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.142-149
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• 2005

1. Objectives The purpose of this case is to report a Taeumin, who was examined as Hwa-Byeong, received a medical treatment with Cheongsimyeonja-tang and consult of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. Methods We examined this patient as Hwa-Byeong by using Hwa-Byeong Diagnostic Interview Schedule(HBDIS) and we also diagnosed a patient's mental state by using MMPI to understand a human instinct of the patient. Additionally, we used QSCC II and PSCC to distinguish a patient's Sasang Constitution. 3. Results We received a positive result by using prescription as Cheongsimyeonja-tang and consult according to a patient's Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 4. Conclusions We suggested that the patient would receive steady treatments as consult of Sasang Constitutional Medicine and medicinal therapy afterwards.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to find out Corelationship between Hwa-byung and other diseases for women. Methods : Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule(HBDIS) and research about past history were carried out for 377 participants in Wonju cohort study. Collected data were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results : 1. Chronic gastritis, Hwa-byung group was 7(25.9%), Control was 38(10.9%), p-value was 0.043. Difference of the two group was valid. 2. Peptic ulcer, Hwa-byung group was 7(25.9%), Control was 36(10.3%), p-value was 0.032. Difference of the two group was valid. Conclusions : Chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer ratio was high in Hwa-byung group compared with Control.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.269-279
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate if a positive psychological-based music therapy program for gambling addicts' families, causes explicit or implicit attitude change towards gambling addicts. The study focused on families with gambling addicts, who use counseling centers for gambling addiction, or participate in GAM-ANON (GA). The experimental group (n=11) participated in 8 sessions of a positive psychology-based group music therapy program, and the control group (n=8) participated in 8 sessions of personal counseling, or GA family gatherings. To confirm treatment effectiveness, the attitude towards the family relationship, was measured by the explicit (Family Relation Scale) and Implicit Association Task (IAT) methods. Additionally, change in emotions including and anger (PANAS, HBDIS), was measured. Results of the study showed that positive emotions increased significantly, in the positive psychotherapy-based music therapy group compared, to the control group. However, in the treatment group with implicit attitudes, the rate of association of negative words with families accelerated significantly, suggesting that gambling addicts' families may have higher negative emotions. For the future, we discussed the necessity of providing a treatment program, that can directly lead to changes in attitudes of family members of gambling addicts.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2011

Objectives : This case series was conducted to report the efficacy of traditional Korean medicine treatments for Hwa-Byung. Methods : Patients were diagnosed with Hwa-byung through Hwa-Byung diagnostic interview schedule(HBDIS). instrument of pattern identification for Hwa-Byung was applied to develop an individualized traditional Korean medicine treatment plan. SCL-90-R, STAI, STAXI, BDI, and instrument of oriental medical evaluation for Hwa-Byung were measured. After 2 weeks of tradiational Korean medicine treatments and K-MBSR practice, STAI, STAXI, BDI, and instrument of oriental medical evaluation for Hwa-Byung were re-assessed to determine the progress of Hwa-Byung. Results : After treatments, chief complaints have improved. STAI, STAXI, BDI and instrument of oriental medical evaluation for Hwa-Byung score have decreased. Conclusions : According to the study, traditional Korean medicine treatments using instrument of pattern identification for Hwa-Byung have shown positive results in managing Hwa-Byung symptoms evaluated by instrument of oriental medical evaluation for Hwa-Byung.