• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.363-380
• /
• 2019

Previous studies on the host plant range of Metcalfa pruinosa were conducted without distinguishing between its stages of development. In this study, we investigated host plants by studying the nymph and adult development stages of M. pruinosa. M. pruinosa nymphs were found on host plants that belong to 78 families and 227 species, and, to the best of our knowledge, host plants that belong to 27 families and 38 species have been reported for the first time. The host plants were divided into woody and herbaceous at the nymph stage of M. pruinosa, and the nymphs were found in 110 herbaceous and 117 woody species. M. pruinosa adults were found on host plants that belong to 87 families and 233 species, and, host plants that belong to 26 families and 36 species have been reported for the first time. The host plants were divided into woody and herbaceous at the adult stage of M. pruinosa, and the adults were found in 105 herbaceous and 128 woody species. Therefore, the total domestic host plant of M. pruinosa was 98 families 345 species. The nymph and adult in preoviposition stage prefer Helianthus annuus and the adult in oviposition stage prefer Persicaria tinctoria and Rosa rugosa.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.156-165
• /
• 1997

Host plants and host preference of brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were investigated in fields and laboratory. 66 kinds of plants in 25 fanlilies were recorded as host during the field survey and 14 kinds in 5 families were verified to be eaten by artificial plant supply. Thus, host plants of A. tertuimaculatus were 186 kinds in 42 families in total including 136 kinds of plants in 32 families from literatures. 50 plants in 19 families were newly recorded as host of A. tenuimaculatus in this study. A. tenuimaculatus was the most frequently visited to J14glans sinensis and Caztanea crenata was the highest damaged plant. C. crenata, Robinia pseudoacasia, Malus sieboldii, J. sinensis, Quercus mongolica, and Q. aliena were considerably highly preferered host plant. However, A. tenuimaculatus never visited to Diospyros lotus, J. nigra, Fraxinus mandshurica, F. rhynchophylla, Pyracantha angustqolia, Paulownia coreana, and Celtis sinensis. Even the same host plant of A. tenuimaculatus. preference was different according to observed place and damage level was also different depending on observed place and time.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.494-501
• /
• 2021

Pseudomonas cichorii secretes effectors that suppress defense mechanisms in host plants. However, the function of these effectors, including avirulence protein E1 (AvrE1), in the pathogenicity of P. cichorii, remains unexplored. In this study, to investigate the function of avrE1 in P. cichorii JBC1 (PcJBC1), we created an avrE1-deficient mutant (JBC1^ΔavrE1) using CRISPR/Cas9. The disease severity caused by JBC1^ΔavrE1 in tomato plants significantly decreased by reducing water soaking during early infection stage, as evidenced by the electrolyte leakage in infected leaves. The disease symptoms caused by JBC1^ΔavrE1 in the cabbage midrib were light-brown spots compared to the dark-colored ones caused by PcJBC1, which indicates the role of AvrE1 in cell lysis. The avrE1-deficient mutant failed to elicit cell death in non-host tobacco plants. Disease severity and cell death caused by JBC1^ΔavrE1 in host and non-host plants were restored through heterologous complementation with avrE1 from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000). Overall, our results indicate that avrE1 contributes to cell death during early infection, which consequently increases disease development in host plants. The roles of PcJBC1 AvrE1 in host cells remain to be elucidated.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 1998

Vegetation of golf courses and local difference of feeding host plants of brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were investigated in golf courses. Yongwon country club in Chinhae and Tongdo country club in Yangsan Gyeongnarn, Dongrae Benest golf club in Kumjeunggu Pusan and Daegu country club in Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk province from 1995 to 1997. Vegetation and species of feeding host plant were different depending on observed place. Damaged rate of host plants were concerned with ornamental trees and natural growing host plants, and Oenothera odorata, Achyranthes japonica, Aralia elata, Viburnum awabuki, Chenapadium album var. cent rorubrum, Cornus officinalis, and Rhododendron mucronulatum were newly recorded as host plant of A. tenuimaculatus in this study. Thus, host plants of A. tenuimaculatus were 193 kinds in 48 families. Key words: Brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus, host plant, vegetation, insect-plant interaction, biological control, golf courses.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.399-407
• /
• 2022

Endophytic fungi occupy inner plant tissues, which results in various interactions between the fungus and host. Studies on endophytic fungi have been conducted in Korea for over 30 years. This paper summarizes the published results of those studies. The endophytic fungi of approximately 132 plant species in Korea have been studied since the 1990s, resulting in over 118 publications. The host plants featured in these studies comprised 3 species of mosses, 34 species of woody plants, and 95 species of herbaceous plants. At the family level, the most studied plants were members of the Poaceae family, covering 18 species. Regionally, these studies were conducted throughout Korea, but over half of the studies were conducted in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gangwon-do, and Chungcheongnam-do. Relatively few studies have been conducted in a metropolis such as Seoul. We confirmed 5 phyla, 16 classes, 49 orders, 135 families, 305 genera, and 855 taxa of endophytic fungi, excluding Incertae sedis, whose relationship with others are unknown. Most of the endophytic fungi belonged to Ascomycota (93.2%), and a few belonged to Basidiomycota (3.6%). Since the diversity of endophytic fungi differs depending on the host plant, plant tissue, and distribution region, future studies should be conducted on multiple host plants and in various regions. Future studies on endophytic fungi are expected to broaden, including genomics and taxonomic and ecological studies of secondary metabolites.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.243-264
• /
• 2013

Antheraea mylitta Drury is a commercial silk producing forest insect in India and Xanthopimpla pedator Fabricius is its larval-pupal endoparasitoid, which causes pupal mortality that affects seed production. Effects of host plants, rearing season and their interactions on parasitic behaviour of X. pedator were studied here, as influence of these factors on biological success of X. pedator is not known. Seven forest tree species were tested as food plants for A. mylitta, and rate of pupal parasitization in both the rearing seasons were recorded and analysed. Results showed that rearing season and host plants significantly affected the rate of pupal parasitization in both the sexes. Pupal mortality was found significantly higher (14.52%) in second rearing season than the first (2.89%). Likewise, host plants and rearing seasons significantly affected length, diameter, and shell thickness of cocoons in both sexes. Out of all infested pupae, 85.59% were found male, which indicated that X. pedator chooses male spinning larva of A. mylitta for oviposition, but we could not answer satisfactorily the why and how aspect of this sex specific parasitic behaviour of X. pedator. Multiple regression analysis indicated that length and shell thickness of male cocoons are potential predictors for pupal parasitization rate of X. pedator. Based on highest cocoon productivity and lowest pupal mortality, Terminalia alata, T. tomentosa, and T. arjuna were found to be the most suitable host plants for forest based commercial rearing of A. mylitta in tropical forest areas of Uttarakhand state, where it has never been reared earlier. Sex and season specific interaction of X. pedator with its larval-pupal host, A. mylitta is a novel entomological study to find out explanations for some of the unresolved research questions on parasitic behaviour of X. predator that opens a new area for specialised study on male specific parasitization in Ichneumonidae.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.139-143
• /
• 1992

Feeding plants of rice water weevil(RWW) adult and larvae were observed. Thirteen families including 104 species were found as host plants of RWW adult, and 74 species of them were newly identified as its host. Thmedia triandra var. japonica, Luzula capitata, Agropyron tsukushiense var. ransiens, and Zoysiama crostachya were most favorable hosts of adult RWW. Host plants for larvae were 9 species of weeds including Cperus nipponicus, Eleccharis kuroguwa, Sagittaria trifolia, and Claviceps purpurea in the rice paddy fields.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.93-119
• /
• 2014

Tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a polyphagous silk producing forest silkworm of commercial importance in India. Forest dependent people rear its larvae on different forestry host plants twice or thrice in a year for small household income. Larvae of A. mylitta feeds on many forest tree species, but always show a great degree of selectivity as a function of its behavioural responses to physical structure and chemical features of the host plants. Cocoon crop of A. mylitta is influenced by heterogeneity of tasar food plants and climatic conditions of the habitat. The role of host plants, temperature, humidity, rainfall, photoperiod and climatic variables on the growth and development of insects have clearly been demonstrated. This article entails an in-depth analysis on ecological and nutritional aspects of A. mylitta, which may provide selective information to researcher and forest managers, who are particularly associated with livelihood improvement of the poor people in forested area through location specific forest insect industry.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.68-70
• /
• 2024

The genus Charops is one of the small genera of the subfamily Campopleginae with 30 species reporded worldwide. All of the known host insects of Charops striatus belong to the lepidopteran family Zygaenidae, perceived as harmful. C. striatus, one of the endoparasitoids from Elcysma westwoodi, is the most damaging lepidopteran pest of Prunus yedoensis. In South Korea, host plants of C. striatus were reported by Choi & Lee in 2008. In this paper, two new host plants, Crepidiastrum denticulatum and Zea mays, of Charops striatus are reporded for the first time from South Korea. Digital images and redescription of this species are provided.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.229-246
• /
• 1994

Powdery mildew fungi from 246 different species of host plants were collected at Kangwon province during 1989-1993 years. They were identified and classified into 13 genera and 83 species by examining various morphological characteristics of taxonomic value. Most of host plants were infected with one species of powdery mildew fungus, but eight plant species with two or three different mildews. Among 246 host plants collected, 43 species were added as the new host plants of powdery mildew fungi in Korea. Two Oidium spp. from Hibiscus and several Compositae plants were described to suggest their taxonomic problems.