• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.871-874
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• 2011

Purpose: In some patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), Hypernasality can persist after surgical management. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is applied to these patients for treating hypernasality. The purpose of this study is to report follow-up results of postoperative CPAP therapy. Methods: After performing palatal lengthening, CPAP therapy was applied to three patients for eight weeks from July of 2008 to November of 2009. Perceptual evaluation, nasometry, and nasopharyngeal endoscopy were performed to evaluate hypernasality, nasalance and size of the gap at velopharyngeal port. Each evaluation was made before surgery, right after CPAP therapy and during follow-up of more than a year after CPAP therapy. Results: All of the patients showed improvement in hypernasality right after CPAP therapy according to the auditory perceptual evaluation, nasometry and nasopharyngeal endoscopy. But the improvement in hypernasality in these patients did not last during follow-up. Conclusion: In this study, our results suggest that CPAP therapy is effective in reducing hypernasality for postoperative VPI patients immediately after the therapy, but hypernasality may be worsen in some patients during follow-up. Therefore we recommend follow-ups after CPAP therapy to see if the efficacy of CPAP therapy lasts.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

This study aimed at investigating the effects of CPAP therapy on hypernasality in flaccid dysarthria. The subject was a flaccid dysarthric patient with hypernasality. An A-B-A experimental research design was used. The therapy program was conducted 16 sessions. During CPAP therapy, the subjects was required to repeat single-word utterances in the form VNCV. The results showed some improvement in decreasing hypernasality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.168-172
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• 1998

Several kinds of surgical methods have been used to treat the submucous cleft palate with hypernasality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the double opposing Z-plasty which is one of the newly established surgical methods by Dr. Furlow in three cases of submucous cleft palate with hypernasality operated in this department. There were a number of advantage of double opposing Z-plasty. The surgery is adaptable for use in early patient. Midfacial growth retardation and complication were not seen in all cases. Hypernasality was improved subjectively. Using the nasometer, the nasalance score of the postoperative period was compared with that of before surgery, much improvement were noted in 'Ah', 'PaPa'. And fiberoptic endoscope was used to evaluate the velopharyngeal closure pattern. Velopharyngeal closure pattern with velum was improved dramatically, Double opposing Z-plasty seem to be a good procedure for the treatment of submucous cleft palate with hypernasality.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.73-76
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• 2010

Purpose: There are several surgical methods for correcting a velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) but in some cases, it is not possible to achieve complete recovery of the velopharyngeal function. This paper introduces a new therapy for treating hypernasality without further surgery using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods: CPAP therapy was applied to seven VPI patients for eight weeks from April of 2007 to September of 2009. All patients underwent palatoplasty for the cleft palate and six patients underwent palatal lengthening for VPI before CPAP therapy. A speech pathologist performed an auditory perceptual evaluation to evaluate the improvement in hypernasality after 8-week CPAP therapy. Results: Six patients showed an improvement in hypernasality after CPAP therapy according to the auditory perceptual evaluation. One patient with severe hypernasality responded to the early part of therapy but the hypernasality did not improve after therapy. Conclusion: CPAP therapy might be effective in reducing the hypernasality in patients with VPI by providing resistance training to strengthen the velopharyngeal closure muscles. In particular, CPAP therapy could be more effective for patients who show mild to moderate hypernasality after surgery.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CPAP therapy was effective for reducing the degree of hypernasality in individuals with repaired cleft palate and whether the efficacy of CPAP therapy was maintained. Five individuals with cleft palate participated in an 8-week home-based CPAP program. Results from perceptual evaluation of hypernasality and nasalance scores before and after CPAP therapy and at the follow-up speech evaluation were compared. The results of the study showed that the responses of the CPAP therapy were various among individuals. Three individuals exhibited reductions in the degree of perceived hypernasality, while nasalance scores in all individuals decreased after the therapy. The results showed that the effect of CPAP therapy was generally maintained until approximately three months after the completion of CPAP therapy.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.02a
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• pp.23-40
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• 1996

The communicative disorders in cleft palate patients have relationship with the acoustic and He physiological phenomena. Particularily hypernasality is a parameter of cleft palate speech that has been studied by many clinicians and speech pathologists. The degree of hypernasality has been assessed by the listener,s judgement, but perceptual assessements have poor scientific reliability, so objective instruments have been needed to test hypernasality with diagnostics accuracy. This study was analyzed the nasalance score using a Nasometer for cleft palate patients. The simple vowels /a/, /i/, /e/ and the approximants /j/, /w/ were tested for the degree of hypernasality after operation. The phrases containing long and short duration times were used in this study to asses hypeernasality. Fiberopic views shows the open velopharyngeal port that resulted in hypernasality of cleft palate patients. The authors assert the important of the management of cleft palate patients.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2000

The present study investigates the clinical applicability of a new device which objectively measures nasal resonating vibration via piezoelectric vibratory sensor from 10 normal volunteers, 10 patients with definite hypernasality and 10 nasal polyposis patients. For the assessment of the hypernasality, the ratio of 'ng' to 'a' as well as that of 'mama' to 'papa' passages were used. For the evaluation of hyponasality, the ratio of nasal vibration post- to pre-induced cul-de-sac resonation was calculated. In the control group, the ratio of ng/a and mama/papa passages was larger than 8, while in the hypernasality group, the ratio was markedly lower. The vibratory signals of 'a' and 'ng' increased markedly in the control group and the hypernasality group after inducing cul-de-sac resonation, while in the hyponasality group, the change was minimal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1997

The authors compared 20 cases of preoperative and postoperative results in patients with hypernasality who were treated at Yongdong Severance hospital from January 1994 to August 1996. According to the severity of the hypernasality, types of operations such as superior based pharyngeal flap surgery or posterior pharyngeal wall augmentation was selected. The preoperative and postoperative results wert analyzed by 2 otorhinolaryngologists and 1 speech therapist through an endoscopic examination and voice evaluation. follow up period was 1 month to 17 months and mean was 5.6 months. Types of the velopharyngeal closure according to the mobility of soft palate and pharyngeal wall could be divided into 3 types : coronal type(2 cases), sagittal type(4 cases), and circular types(14 cases), The results indicated that sagittal type showed the best result. In surgical treatment for hypernasality, the mobility of the pharyngeal lateral wall and making suitable size of lateral per during surgery were the most important factors affecting the patient's satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.97-97
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• 1996

저자들은 1994년 1월부터 1996년 8월까지 과대비성(hypernasality)을 주소로 영동세브란스병원 이비인후과를 내원하여 상저부 인두피판(superior based pharyngeal flap) 혹은 후인두벽 증대(posterior pharyngeal wall augmentation) 시행받은 환자 20명을 대상으로 수술 전후의 치료결과를 판정하였다. 수술 전후의 치료결과는 2명의 이비인후과의사와 1명의 언어치료사가 구강을 통한 내시경 적검사와 음성평가를 동시에 시행함으로써 판정하였다. (중략)

• Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.261-271
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy on the treatment of hypernasality in patients with cleft lips and palates. 7 preschool children with severe hypernasality participated in the study. Acoustic measurements of nasality were done by using the NasalView (version 1.31). Results showed that the nasalance values were reduced linearly in both vowels according to the treatment period. The sharp treatment effect was observed at the beginning stage. The nasality values of the vowel /i/ showed a sharp decrease at the Evaluation Phase 1 and 2 and a small increase at the Phase 4 followed by a drop in the end. Further studies would be desirable for various patients with different disorder types.