• BMB Reports
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.424-433
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• 2019

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental monogenic disorder with a strong genetic influence. Idiopathic autism could be defined as a type of autism that does not have a specific causative agent. Among signalling cascades, mTOR signalling pathway plays a pivotal role not only in cell cycle, but also in protein synthesis and regulation of brain homeostasis in ASD patients. The present review highlights, underlying mechanism of mTOR and its role in altered signalling cascades as a triggering factor in the onset of idiopathic autism. Further, this review discusses how distorted mTOR signalling pathway stimulates truncated translation in neuronal cells and leads to downregulation of protein synthesis at dendritic spines of the brain. This review concludes by suggesting downstream regulators such as p70S6K, eIF4B, eIF4E of mTOR signalling pathway as promising therapeutic targets for idiopathic autistic individuals.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.141-162
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to provide evidence of traditional Korean medicine treatment in children and adolescents by reviewing previous studies published in the journal of pediatrics of Korean medicine. Methods We have reviewed clinical studies of children and adolescents in the journal of pediatrics of Korean medicine from 2008 to 2017. Results Eighty-seven clinical studies of children and adolescents were reviewed. Total number of patients were 1644 in the studies. Among these, top 5 most commonly reported diseases in children and adolescents were atopic dermatitis, growth, autism, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and obesity. The most common intervention to treat those was taking herbal medicine. Most of the clinical studies showed effectiveness of this approach in treating children and adolescents. Conclusions More double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trials of Korean medicine interventions treating children and adolescents are needed to establish evidence-based treatment.